diff --git a/src/Engines/JavaScript.js b/src/Engines/JavaScript.js
index 77eede3bd..95777d382 100644
--- a/src/Engines/JavaScript.js
+++ b/src/Engines/JavaScript.js
@@ -80,8 +80,15 @@ class JavaScript extends TemplateEngine {
 	}
 
 	async #getInstanceFromInputPath(inputPath) {
-		let isEsm = this.eleventyConfig.getIsProjectUsingEsm();
-		const mod = await EleventyImport(inputPath, isEsm ? "esm" : "cjs");
+		let mod;
+		let relativeInputPath =
+			this.eleventyConfig.directories.getInputPathRelativeToInputDirectory(inputPath);
+		if (this.eleventyConfig.userConfig.isVirtualTemplate(relativeInputPath)) {
+			mod = this.eleventyConfig.userConfig.virtualTemplates[relativeInputPath].content;
+		} else {
+			let isEsm = this.eleventyConfig.getIsProjectUsingEsm();
+			mod = await EleventyImport(inputPath, isEsm ? "esm" : "cjs");
+		}
 
 		let inst = this._getInstance(mod);
 		if (inst) {
diff --git a/src/UserConfig.js b/src/UserConfig.js
index c99927436..ac5eed57d 100644
--- a/src/UserConfig.js
+++ b/src/UserConfig.js
@@ -903,6 +903,10 @@ class UserConfig {
 		};
 	}
 
+	isVirtualTemplate(virtualInputPath) {
+		return Boolean(this.virtualTemplates[virtualInputPath]);
+	}
+
 	#setDirectory(key, dir) {
 		if (this.isPluginExecution()) {
 			throw new Error(
diff --git a/test/EleventyVirtualTemplatesTest.js b/test/EleventyVirtualTemplatesTest.js
index 76a3f042f..2a0b73911 100644
--- a/test/EleventyVirtualTemplatesTest.js
+++ b/test/EleventyVirtualTemplatesTest.js
@@ -177,3 +177,46 @@ test("Virtual templates as layouts, issue #2307", async (t) => {
 	t.deepEqual(results[0].content.trim(), `<!-- Layout --><h1>Hello</h1>`);
 	t.deepEqual(results[0].rawInput, `# Hello`);
 });
+
+test("11ty.js Virtual Templates (object), issue #3347", async (t) => {
+  let templateDefinition = {
+    data: () => {
+      return { var: 2 };
+    },
+    render: function(data) {
+      return `this is a test ${data.var}.`;
+    }
+  };
+
+	let elev = new Eleventy("./test/stubs-virtual-nowrite", "./test/stubs-virtual-nowrite/_site", {
+		config: function (eleventyConfig) {
+			eleventyConfig.addTemplate("virtual.11ty.js", templateDefinition);
+    }
+	});
+
+	let results = await elev.toJSON();
+
+	t.deepEqual(results.length, 1);
+	t.deepEqual(results[0].content.trim(), `this is a test 2.`);
+  // TODO support rawInput on 11ty.js?
+	// t.deepEqual(results[0].rawInput, templateDefinition);
+});
+
+test("11ty.js Virtual Templates (function), issue #3347", async (t) => {
+  let templateDefinition = function(data) {
+    return `this is a test ${data.page.url}.`;
+  };
+
+	let elev = new Eleventy("./test/stubs-virtual-nowrite", "./test/stubs-virtual-nowrite/_site", {
+		config: function (eleventyConfig) {
+			eleventyConfig.addTemplate("virtual.11ty.js", templateDefinition);
+    }
+	});
+
+	let results = await elev.toJSON();
+
+	t.deepEqual(results.length, 1);
+	t.deepEqual(results[0].content.trim(), `this is a test /virtual/.`);
+  // TODO support rawInput on 11ty.js?
+	// t.deepEqual(results[0].rawInput, templateDefinition);
+});