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Terminal Commands

macOS Look and Feel

Defaults

Collection of Defaults commands For modifying macOS default settings/behavior.

https://macos-defaults.com/

Power Management

Collection of PMSET commands to adjust Powwer Management (Standby, Sleep, Hibernation, etc.)

https://www.dssw.co.uk/reference/pmset.html

Check Hibernation Settings

pmset -g

Checking Reasons for Wake

pmset -g log | grep -e "Sleep.*due to" -e "Wake.*due to"

Alternative Command (searches in syslog instead):

log show --style syslog | fgrep "Wake reason"

Disable Power Management Scheduler

Fixes high CPU usage for Powerd service in macOS Ventura beta 4

sudo pmset schedule cancelall

Disable Notification Center

  • Disable:

     launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.notificationcenterui.plist

  • Re-Enable:

     launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.notificationcenterui.plist

Enable Key Repeating

defaults write -g ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool false

Add "GPU" Tab to Activity Monitor

defaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor ShowGPUTab -bool true

macOS Info

Display macOS Version and Build Number

sw_vers

Display Darwin Kernel Version

uname -r

Display Model Identifier (SMBIOS)

system_profiler SPHardwareDataType | grep 'Model Identifier'

System Behavior

Disable Gatekeeper (< macOS 15.0 beta 3)

sudo spctl --master-disable

Disable DMG verification

  • Disable Disk Image verification:

    defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify TRUE

  • To Re-enable:

    defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify FALSE

Change Update Seed to Developer (≤ macOS 12 only)

  1. Unenroll from current seed:

    sudo /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Seeding.framework/Resources/seedutil unenroll

  2. Change seed:

    sudo /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Seeding.framework/Resources/seedutil enroll DeveloperSeed

Note

In macOS 13+, switching update seeds via seedutil is no longer supported. Instead, registering your system in Apples beta program via Apple-ID is required. After that you can switch the updated seed in system sttings.

Reset all Privacy Settings

Brings back all the window pop-ups that ask for granting pernission to access periferals like microphones, webcams, etc.

tccutil reset All

Finder-related

Show User Library in macOS 11 and newer

setfile -a v ~/Library
chflags nohidden ~/Library

Show all Files and Folders in Finder

  • Show:

     defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles TRUE && killall Finder

  • Hide:

     defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles FALSE && killall Finder

Note

Alternatively, simply use this Keyboard Shortcut: ⌘⇧. (Command+Shift+Dot)

Rebuilding Launch Services

You can use this to fix the “Open with…” sub-menu (if it contains entries from apps that are no onger installed, etc.)

/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Support/lsregister -kill -r -domain local -domain system -domain user

Add "Quit" option to Finder menu

defaults write com.apple.finder "QuitMenuItem" -bool "true" && killall Finder

Disable .DS_Store file creation on network storages

  • Disable:

     defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores -bool true

  • Re-enable:

     defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores -bool false

Filesystem-related

Rebuilding the Spotlight Index

  • System-wide:

     sudo mdutil -a -i off
 sudo mdutil -a -i on

  • For a specific volume:

     sudo mdutil -i off /Volumes/Your Volume Name
 sudo mdutil -i on /Volumes/Your Volume Name

Checking if the APFS volume snapshots is intact

diskutil apfs list

Note

If you apply root patches with OCLP, the status of the entry Snapshot sealed seal will change from Yes to Broken. But if you revert the root patches with OCLP prior to updating macOS, the seal will become intact again. And if the snapshot is sealed, incremental (or delta) OTA updates are available again so System Update won't download the complete installer!

Update the PreBoot Volume (APFS volumes only)

sudo diskutil apfs updatePreboot /

Disable Library Validation

sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.security.libraryvalidation.plist DisableLibraryValidation -bool true

Note

This change is only temporary. Requires a Kernel Patch to make it persistant.

Rebuild DYLD and XPC caches (macOS 10.15 or older only)

sudo update_dyld_shared_cache -force
sudo /usr/libexec/xpchelper --rebuild-cache

Create new snapshot (macOS 11+ only)

In Recovery, enter:

csrutil authenticated-root disable
bless --folder /Volumes/x/System/Library/CoreServices --bootefi --create-snapshot

x = name of your macOS Volume

Enabling/Disabling Features

Enable Sidecar

defaults write com.apple.sidecar.display AllowAllDevices -bool true
defaults write com.apple.sidecar.display hasShownPref -bool true

Note

Requires Intel CPU with on-board graphics and is limited to specific SMBIOSes. It’s easier to enable it via FeatureUnlock.kext!

Disable Logging

sudo rm /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.syslogd.plist

Disable/Delete Metal Support

sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.CoreDisplay useMetal -boolean no
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.CoreDisplay useIOP -boolean no

or:

sudo defaults delete /Library/Preferences/com.apple.CoreDisplay useMetal
sudo defaults delete /Library/Preferences/com.apple.CoreDisplay useIOP

Source

Prohibit macOS from mastering iDevices

defaults write com.apple.iTunesHelper ignore-devices -bool YES
defaults write com.apple.AMPDeviceDiscoveryAgent ignore-devices 1
defaults write com.apple.AMPDeviceDiscoveryAgent reveal-devices 0
defaults write -g ignore-devices -bool true

Source: Apple-Knowledge

Change default state of Bluetooth (on/off)

→ Check this guide for instructions.

Networking

List MAC Addresses of Network Adapters

networksetup -listallhardwareports

Delete Network .plists

sudo rm /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/NetworkInterfaces.plist
sudo rm /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/preferences.plist

Disable TPC/IPv6 Protocol

You really should disable IPv6 for security reasons, if you don't need it!

List all Network devices:

sudo networksetup -listallnetworkservices

Disable IPv6 for the following interfaces:

sudo networksetup -setv6off Ethernet
sudo networksetup -setv6off Wi-Fi

To re-enable:

sudo networksetup -setv6automatic Wi-Fi
sudo networksetup -setv6automatic Ethernet

CPU-related

Show CPU Vendor

sysctl -a | grep machdep.cpu.vendor

Show CPU Model

Doesn't really tell you much

sysctl -a | grep machdep.cpu.model

Show CPU Brand String

sysctl machdep.cpu.brand_string

List CPU features

sysctl -a | grep machdep.cpu.features

Display Bus and CPU Frequency

sysctl -a | grep freq

List supported CPU instructions

sysctl -a | grep machdep.cpu.leaf7_features

Get CPU details from IO Registry

ioreg -rxn "CPU0@0"

Note

Text in quotation marks = CPU name as defined in ACPI. On Intel CPUs it can also be "PR00@0", "P000@0" or "C000@0". Check SSDT-PLUG/SSDT-PM to find the correct name.

Troubleshooting

Show log of last boot

log show --last boot

Search for terms in last boot log

log show --last boot | grep "your search term"

Example: log show --last boot | grep "ACPI"

Check OpenCore version

nvram 4D1FDA02-38C7-4A6A-9CC6-4BCCA8B30102:opencore-version

Display currently used Board-ID

ioreg -l | grep -i board-id

or

`var_ID=$(ioreg -p IODeviceTree -r -n / -d 1 | grep board-id);var_ID=${var_ID##*<\"};var_ID=${var_ID%%\">};echo $var_ID`

Checking Reasons for Wake

pmset -g log | grep -e "Sleep.*due to" -e "Wake.*due to"

Alternative Command (searches in syslog instead):

log show --style syslog | fgrep "Wake reason"

Check currently active csr-active-config

nvram 7C436110-AB2A-4BBB-A880-FE41995C9F82:csr-active-config

Check the status of System Integrity Protection (SIP)

csrutil status

Install Command Line Developer Tools

xcode-select --install

Kext-related

Find loaded Kexts (excluding those from Apple)

kextstat | grep -v com.apple

Rebuild Kext Cache (macOS 11+)

sudo kextcache -U /

Rebuild Kext Cache (macOS 10.15 or older)

sudo kextcache -i /

Check status of Apple Secure Boot

  1. In Terminal, enter:
    nvram 94b73556-2197-4702-82a8-3e1337dafbfb:AppleSecureBootPolicy
  2. Check the Results:
    • if %00 = No Security
    • if %01 = Medium Security
    • if %02 = Full Security

Note

To achieve full securiity 02 additional measures are required.

Make .command files executable

chmod +x (drag file in terminal, hit enter)

Finding USB Controller Renames

ioreg -l -p IOService -w0 | grep -i EHC1
ioreg -l -p IOService -w0 | grep -i EHC2
ioreg -l -p IOService -w0 | grep -i XHC1
ioreg -l -p IOService -w0 | grep -i XHCI

Verifying if SMBus is working

kextstat | grep -E "AppleSMBusController|AppleSMBusPCI"

Note

The search should return two matches: com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusController and com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusPCI. On modern Laptops, only AppleSMBusController may return in the search results!

ACPI-related

Debug ACPI Tables

log show --predicate "processID == 0" --start $(date "+%Y-%m-%d") --debug | grep "ACPI"

List ACPI Errors

log show --last boot | grep AppleACPIPlatform
log show --last boot | grep AppleACPIPlatform > ~/Desktop/Log_"$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S')".log

The 2nd Command saves a log on the desktop.

Keyboard Shortcuts

Collection of Keyboard Shortcuts

Mac Keyboard Shortcuts

Show hidden Files and Folders in Finder

⌘⇧. (Command+Shift+Dot)

Disable Press and Hold for Keyboard Keys (requires reboot)

defaults write -g ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool false

Accessing Terminal in macOS Setup-Assistant

⌘⌥⌃T (Command+Option+Control+T)

Linux

Generate Audio Codec Dump (in Linux)

cd ~/Desktop && mkdir CodecDump && for c in /proc/asound/card*/codec#*; do f="${c/\/*card/card}"; cat "$c" > CodecDump/${f//\//-}.txt; done && zip -r CodecDump.zip CodecDump

Search for firmware used by devices

sudo dmesg|grep -i firmware