diff --git a/.github/workflows/integration.yml b/.github/workflows/integration.yml
index d6b0276ea6e..4dfc0fd3be9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/integration.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/integration.yml
@@ -1,35 +1,50 @@
 name: Integration
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
-env:
-  GO_VERSION: 1.16
-
 jobs:
   integration:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        go: [1.16]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 3
-    container: golang:${{ env.GO_VERSION }}-alpine
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - run: apk add --no-cache --no-progress nodejs npm git bash
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
+        with:
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        with:
+          node-version: 14
       - run: go mod download
       - run: cd integration ; npm install
       - run: .github/workflows/check-integration
 
   federation:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        go: [1.16]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    container: golang:${{ env.GO_VERSION }}-alpine
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - run: apk add --no-cache --no-progress nodejs npm git bash
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
+        with:
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        with:
+          node-version: 14
       - run: go mod download
       - run: cd _examples/federation ; npm install
       - run: .github/workflows/check-federation
 
   init:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        go: [1.16]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    container: golang:${{ env.GO_VERSION }}-alpine
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - run: apk add --no-cache --no-progress alpine-sdk bash
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
+        with:
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
       - run: .github/workflows/check-init
diff --git a/.github/workflows/lint.yml b/.github/workflows/lint.yml
index 68d671a0472..66339501bf3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/lint.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint.yml
@@ -1,41 +1,47 @@
 name: Lint
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
-env:
-  GO_VERSION: 1.16
-
 jobs:
   lint:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        go: [1.16]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: ${{ env.GO_VERSION }}
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
       - run: go mod download
       - run: .github/workflows/check-fmt
       - run: .github/workflows/check-generate
 
   coverage:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        go: [1.16]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: ${{ env.GO_VERSION }}
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
       - run: go mod download
       - run: .github/workflows/check-coverage
         env:
           COVERALLS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
   golangci-lint:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        go: [1.16]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: ${{ env.GO_VERSION }}
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
       - name: golangci-lint
         uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3.1.0
         with:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/security.yml b/.github/workflows/security.yml
index 4c558310dad..d78a6150f9b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/security.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/security.yml
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 name: Security
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
-env:
-  GO_VERSION: 1.16
-
 jobs:
   nancy:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        go: [1.16, 1.17, 1.18]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v3
         with:
-          go-version: ${{ env.GO_VERSION }}
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
       - run: go mod download && go list -json -deps all > go.list
       - uses: sonatype-nexus-community/nancy-github-action@main
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
index 95d956f3c20..c65853b660f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
-        go: [1.16, 1.17, 1.18]
+        go: [1.16]
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     continue-on-error: true
     steps: