Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
262 lines (233 loc) · 5.97 KB

Software_Development_Terminology.md

File metadata and controls

262 lines (233 loc) · 5.97 KB
Raw

Coding language

Basic punctuation

  • comma ,
  • dot .
  • question mark ?
  • exclamation mark !
  • dash -
  • underline _
  • asterisk *
  • slash /
  • backslash \
  • vertical bar |
  • tilde ~
  • hash #
  • caret ^
  • ellipsis ...
  • ampersand &
  • grave `

Bracket

  • Parentheses ()
  • Square bracket []
  • Angle bracket <>
  • Curly brackets {}

Colon

  • Colon :
  • Semicolon ;

Quotation mark

  • Quotes " "
  • Single quotes ' '

Operators

Terminology

  • Unary operators operate on a single target. -a
  • Binary operators operate on two targets. a + b
  • Ternary operators operate on three targets. a ? b : c

Assignment Operator

a = 5 5 assign to a

Arithmetic Operators

  • Addition (+)
  • Substraction(-)
  • Multiplication(*)
  • Division(/)

a + b a add b / a plus b a - b a minus b a * b a multiplied by b / a times b a / b a divided by b

Remainder Operator

9 % 4 9 remainder with 4

Compound Assignment Operators

a += 2 a plus equals 2

Comparison Operators

  • Equal to (a == b)
  • Not equal to (a != b)
  • Greater than (a > b)
  • Less than (a < b)
  • Greater than or equal to (a >= b)
  • Less than or equal to (a <= b)

Nil-Coalescing Operator

a ?? b

Range Operators

  • Closed Range Operators 1...5 from 1 to 5
  • Half-Open Range Operators a..<b from a to b, but doesn't include b.
  • One-Sided Ranges names[2...] from index 2 to the end of array. names[..<2] from index 0 to index 2. ...5 from start to 5

Logical Operators

  • Logical NOT (!a)
  • Logical AND (a && b)
  • Logical OR (a || b)

Identity Operators

  • Identical to (===)
  • Not identical to (!==)

Bitwise Operators

  • Shift to the left by 1 place (<< 1)
  • Shift to the right by 1 place (>> 1)
  • NOT (~a)
  • AND (a & b)
  • OR (a | b)
  • exclusive OR (a ^ b)

Overflow Operators

  • Overflow addition (&+)
  • Overflow subtraction (&-)
  • Overflow multiplication (&*)

Syntax

Oriented-Object Programming

  • 封装：encapsulation (capsule是胶囊，encapulate就是装到胶囊里，封装的动词)

  • 集成：inheritance (inherit继承的动词)

  • 多态：polymorphism (在希腊语里poly是多，morphic是形态学的)

  • 函数：function

  • 方法：method

  • 参数：parameter

  • 类：class

  • 子类：subclass

  • 父类：superclass

  • 结构体：structure

  • 元组：tuple

  • 构造函数：constructor

  • 实例：instance (实例化：instantiation)

  • 对象：object

  • 变量：variable

  • 全局变量：global variable

  • 局部变量：local variable

  • 作用域：scope

  • 常量：constant

  • 成员变量：member

  • 属性：property

  • 储存变量：stored property

  • 计算变量：computed property

  • 栈：stack

  • 堆：heap

  • 属性包装器：property wrapper

  • 字段：field

  • 可空类型：optional type

  • 解包可空类型：unwrapping optionals

  • 强制解包：force unwrap

  • 模型：model

  • 模块：module (模块化：modulize)

  • 值类型：value type

  • 引用类型：reference type

  • 重写：override

  • 重载：overloading (运算符重载：operator overloading)

  • 开辟内存：alloc memory

  • 释放：release

  • 持有：retain/store

  • 循环引用：retain cycle/cycle reference

  • 垃圾回收：garbage collection

  • 内存泄漏：memory leak

  • 调用：call/invoke

  • 触发：trigger

  • 扩展：extension

  • 模版：template

  • 原形：prototype

  • 自动引用计数：ARC(automatic reference counting)

  • 手动持有释放：MRR(manual retain-release)

  • 上下文: context

  • 声明式：declarative

  • 祈使式：imperative

  • 拆分：segregate/slice/split/separate

  • 回调：callback

Oriented-Protocol Programming

  • 接口：protocol/interface
  • 默认实现：default implementation
  • 遵从接口：comform to protocol
  • 代理：delegate
  • 关联类型：associatedtype
  • 类型别名：typealias
  • 可选接口方法：optional protocol methods
  • 泛型：generics
  • 类型参数：type parameter (< T >)
  • 不透明类型：opaque type (some View)
  • 装饰器：decorator

Reactive

  • 发布者：publisher
  • 订阅者：subscriber
  • 事件驱动：event-driven

Multi-thread

  • 线程：thread
  • 进程：process
  • 信号量：semaphore
  • 线程安全：thread safety
  • 死锁：deadlock
  • 并发：concurrency
  • 串行：serialisation (serial串行的)
  • 并行：parallel
  • 同步：synchronous
  • 异步：asynchronous
  • 结构并发：structured concurrency
  • 任务：task/job
  • 挂起：wait/suspend
  • 阻塞：pend/notify
  • 休眠：sleep
  • 轮询：polling
  • 中断：interrupt

Data

  • 数据库: database
  • 关系型数据库: relational database
  • 序列化: serialize (serialization名词)
  • 反序列化: deserialize
  • 建表: create table
  • 读取: read
  • 更新: update
  • 删除: delete
  • 持久化: persistence
  • 实体: entity
  • 存储: storage
  • 单项数据流: unidirectional data flow
  • 双向绑定：Two-Way bindings
  • 升序：ascending
  • 降序：descending

Network

  • 仓库：repository
  • 节点：endpoint
  • 广播风暴：broadcast storm
  • 重定向：redirect
  • 授权：authentication
  • 压缩：compression
  • 缓存：cache
  • 三次握手：3-way handshake
  • 应答: acknowledgement

Access Control

  • 公有：public
  • 私有：private
  • 文件私有：file private
  • 内联：internal

Operation

  • 灰度发布：gray release
  • 开发环境：development environment
  • 生产环境：product environment
  • A/B测试：A/B Test
  • 打点日志：tracking log
  • 数据收集：data collection
  • 诊断：diagnose
  • 迭代：iterative

UI

  • 布局：layout
  • 自动布局：autolayout
  • 约束：restraint
  • 对齐: alignment
  • 行首空格：indent

Security

  • 编码: encode
  • 解码: decode
  • 加密: encryption
  • 解密: decryption
  • 对称加密: symmetric-key encryption
  • 非对称加密: public-key encryption (asymmetric encryption)
  • 混淆: hash
  • SSL: Secure Sockets Layer

Debug

  • 歧义：ambiguity
  • 错误处理：error handling/exception handling

Others

Code Mess

  • Spaghetti code (意大利面代码，表示乱的搅在了一起)
  • Ravioli code (意大利饺子代码，表示代码分了模块)
  • Lasagna code (千层面代码，表示代码分了层)