alonzo-ledger.tex

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,dvipsnames]{article}
\usepackage[deliverable]{IOHKCoverPage}


\usepackage[margin=2.5cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{iohk}
\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage{mathpazo} % nice fonts
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{extarrows}
\usepackage{slashed}
\usepackage[colon]{natbib}
\usepackage[unicode=true,pdftex,pdfa,colorlinks=true]{hyperref}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[capitalise,noabbrev,nameinlink]{cleveref}
\usepackage{float}
\floatstyle{boxed}
\restylefloat{figure}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage{comments} \newcommand{\khcomment}[1]{\comment{KH}{#1}}


%%
%% Package `semantic` can be used for writing inference rules.
%%
\usepackage{semantic}
%% Setup for the semantic package
\setpremisesspace{20pt}

% data for Deliverable header -- added by KH from an EU H2020 project template
\DeliverableNumber{GL-D2}
\DeliverableTitle{A Formal Specification of the Cardano Ledger integrating Plutus Core}{Formal Spec: Cardano Ledger with Plutus Core}
\DeliverableResponsible{Formal Methods Team}
\EditorName{Andre Knispel, \IOHK}
\Authors{
   Andre Knispel \quad \texttt{andre.knispel@iohk.io}\\
   Polina Vinogradova \quad \texttt{polina.vinogradova@iohk.io}
   % I think Andre is the main author of this document?  KH
}
\DueDate{28$^{\textrm{th}}$ February 2021}
\SubmissionDate{}{}
\LeaderName{Philipp Kant, \IOHK}
\InstitutionAddress{\IOHK}
\Version{FS-2.2.0}
\Project{Goguen Ledger}
\DisseminationPU

%%
%% Types
%%
\newcommand{\Nothing}{\ensuremath{\Diamond}}
\newcommand{\N}{\ensuremath{\mathbb{N}}}
\newcommand{\Bool}{\type{Bool}}
\newcommand{\Npos}{\ensuremath{\mathbb{N}^{+}}}
\newcommand{\Z}{\ensuremath{\mathbb{Z}}}
\newcommand{\R}{\ensuremath{\mathbb{R}}}
\newcommand{\Rnn}{\ensuremath{\mathbb{R}^{\geq 0}}}
\newcommand{\Tx}{\type{Tx}}
\newcommand{\ShelleyTx}{\type{ShelleyTx}}
\newcommand{\GoguenTx}{\type{GoguenTx}}
\newcommand{\TxBody}{\type{TxBody}}
\newcommand{\UnsignedData}{\type{UnsignedData}}
\newcommand{\VldSR}{\type{VldSR}}
\newcommand{\VldOut}{\type{VldOut}}
\newcommand{\Vlds}{\type{Vlds}}
\newcommand{\TxWitness}{\type{TxWitness}}
\newcommand{\Ix}{\type{Ix}}
\newcommand{\RdmrPtr}{\type{RdmrPtr}}
\newcommand{\TxId}{\type{TxId}}
\newcommand{\Addr}{\type{Addr}}
\newcommand{\UTxO}{\type{UTxO}}
\newcommand{\UTxOIn}{\type{UTxOIn}}
\newcommand{\Wdrl}{\type{Wdrl}}
\newcommand{\Coin}{\type{Coin}}
\newcommand{\PParams}{\type{PParams}}
\newcommand{\ShelleyPParams}{\type{ShelleyPParams}}
\newcommand{\NewParams}{\type{NewParams}}
\newcommand{\Slot}{\type{Slot}}
\newcommand{\MemoryEstimate}{\type{MemoryEstimate}}
\newcommand{\UTCTime}{\type{UTCTime}}
\newcommand{\SlotsPrior}{\ensuremath{\mathsf{SlotsPrior}}}
\newcommand{\SlotsPerEpoch}{\mathsf{SlotsPerEpoch}}
\newcommand{\SlotsPerKESPeriod}{\mathsf{SlotsPerKESPeriod}}
\newcommand{\SlotsStabilityParam}{\fun{k}}
\newcommand{\Duration}{\type{Duration}}
\newcommand{\StakePools}{\type{StakePools}}
\newcommand{\StakeDeleg}{\type{StakeDeleg}}
\newcommand{\StakeCreds}{\type{StakeCreds}}
\newcommand{\Seed}{\type{Seed}}
\newcommand{\seedOp}{\star}
\newcommand{\Ppm}{\type{Ppm}}
\newcommand{\Tppm}{\mathsf{T_{ppm}}}
\newcommand{\Value}{\type{Value}}
\newcommand{\ProtVer}{\ensuremath{\type{ProtVer}}}
\newcommand{\Language}{\type{Language}}
\newcommand{\ApName}{\ensuremath{\type{ApName}}}
\newcommand{\ApVer}{\ensuremath{\type{ApVer}}}
\newcommand{\SystemTag}{\ensuremath{\type{SystemTag}}}
\newcommand{\InstallerHash}{\ensuremath{\type{InstallerHash}}}
\newcommand{\PPUpdate}{\type{PPUpdate}}
\newcommand{\Applications}{\type{Applications}}
\newcommand{\AVUpdate}{\type{AVUpdate}}
\newcommand{\Update}{\type{Update}}
\newcommand{\DCert}{\type{DCert}}
\newcommand{\DCertRegKey}{\type{DCert_{regkey}}}
\newcommand{\DCertDeRegKey}{\type{DCert_{deregkey}}}
\newcommand{\DCertDeleg}{\type{DCert_{delegate}}}
\newcommand{\DCertRegPool}{\type{DCert_{regpool}}}
\newcommand{\DCertRetirePool}{\type{DCert_{retirepool}}}
\newcommand{\DCertGen}{\type{DCert_{genesis}}}
\newcommand{\DCertMir}{\type{DCert_{mir}}}
\newcommand{\PoolParam}{\type{PoolParam}}
\newcommand{\UTxOState}{\ensuremath{\type{UTxOState}}}
\newcommand{\SFState}{\ensuremath{\type{SFState}}}
\newcommand{\ledgerState}{\ensuremath{\type{ledgerState}}}
\newcommand{\ValEnv}{\type{ValEnv}}
\newcommand{\ValState}{\type{ValState}}
\newcommand{\ScrInData}{\type{ScrInData}}
\newcommand{\AddrRWD}{\type{Addr_{rwd}}}
\newcommand{\AddrB}{\type{Addr_{base}}}
\newcommand{\AddrP}{\type{Addr_{ptr}}}
\newcommand{\AddrE}{\type{Addr_{enterprise}}}
\newcommand{\AddrBS}{\type{Addr_{bootstrap}}}
\newcommand{\Ptr}{\type{Ptr}}
\newcommand{\DState}{\type{DState}}
\newcommand{\DWEnv}{\type{DWEnv}}
\newcommand{\DPSEnv}{\type{DPSEnv}}
\newcommand{\DPEnv}{\type{DPEnv}}
\newcommand{\DEnv}{\type{DEnv}}
\newcommand{\PEnv}{\type{PEnv}}
\newcommand{\DPState}{\type{DPState}}
\newcommand{\PState}{\type{PState}}
\newcommand{\DCertBody}{\type{DCertBody}}
\newcommand{\TData}{\type{TData}}
\newcommand{\DPoolReap}{\ensuremath{\type{poolreap}}}
\newcommand{\UPIState}{\type{UPIState}}
\newcommand{\UpdatePayload}{\type{UpdatePayload}}
\newcommand{\NetworkId}{\mathsf{NetworkId}}

% multi-signature
\newcommand{\StakeCredential}{\type{Credential}_{stake}}
\newcommand{\StakeDelegs}{\type{StakeDelegs}}
\newcommand{\Quorum}{\type{Quorum}}

\newcommand{\txwitsVKey}[1]{\fun{txwitsVKey}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txwitsScript}[1]{\fun{txwitsScript}~\var{#1}}

\newcommand{\AddrVKey}{\type{Addr^{vkey}}}
\newcommand{\AddrRWDVKey}{\type{Addr_{rwd}^{vkey}}}
\newcommand{\AddrRWDScr}{\type{Addr_{rwd}^{script}}}
\newcommand{\AddrVKeyB}{\type{Addr^{vkey}_{base}}}
\newcommand{\AddrVKeyP}{\type{Addr^{vkey}_{ptr}}}
\newcommand{\AddrVKeyE}{\type{Addr^{vkey}_{enterprise}}}
\newcommand{\AddrVKeyBS}{\type{Addr^{vkey}_{bootstrap}}}
\newcommand{\AddrScr}{\type{Addr^{script}}}
\newcommand{\AddrScrBase}{\type{Addr_{base}^{script}}}
\newcommand{\AddrScrEnterprise}{\type{Addr_{enterprise}^{script}}}
\newcommand{\AddrScrPtr}{\type{Addr_{ptr}^{script}}}
\newcommand{\AuxiliaryDataHash}{\type{AuxiliaryDataHash}}
\newcommand{\AuxiliaryData}{\type{AuxiliaryData}}
\newcommand{\Metadata}{\type{Metadata}}
\newcommand{\DataHash}{\type{DataHash}}
\newcommand{\TxInfo}{\type{TxInfo}}
\newcommand{\Datum}{\type{Datum}}
\newcommand{\Redeemer}{\type{Redeemer}}
\newcommand{\EpochInfo}{\type{EpochInfo}}
\newcommand{\SystemStart}{\type{SystemStart}}
\newcommand{\ScriptHash}{\type{ScriptHash}}
\newcommand{\PolicyID}{\type{PolicyID}}
\newcommand{\LangDepView}{\type{LangDepView}}
\newcommand{\ScriptIntegrityHash}{\type{ScriptIntegrityHash}}
\newcommand{\Script}{\type{Script}}
\newcommand{\ScriptPlutus}{\type{Script}_{plc}}
\newcommand{\PlutusVI}{\type{PlutusV1}}
\newcommand{\PlutusVII}{\type{PlutusV2}}
\newcommand{\ScriptPhOne}{\type{Script^{ph1}}}
\newcommand{\ScriptPhTwo}{\type{Script^{ph2}}}
\newcommand{\ScriptV}{\type{Script_{v}}}
\newcommand{\ScriptPurpose}{\type{ScriptPurpose}}
\newcommand{\Rdmrs}{\type{Rdmrs}}
\newcommand{\DorR}{\type{DorR}}
\newcommand{\ValidationData}{\type{ValidationData}}
\newcommand{\IsValid}{\type{IsValid}}
\newcommand{\HashUnsData}{\type{HashUnsData}}
\newcommand{\True}{\mathsf{True}}
\newcommand{\False}{\mathsf{False}}
\newcommand{\MSig}{\type{MSig}}
\newcommand{\Tag}{\type{Tag}}
\newcommand{\Credential}{\type{Credential}}
\newcommand{\AssetID}{\type{AssetID}}
\newcommand{\Integer}{\type{Integer}}

%% Adding witnesses
\newcommand{\AssetName}{\type{AssetName}}
\newcommand{\Quantity}{\type{Quantity}}
\newcommand{\TxIn}{\type{TxIn}}
\newcommand{\OutRef}{\type{OutRef}}
\newcommand{\ShelleyTxIn}{\type{ShelleyTxIn}}
\newcommand{\ShelleyTxOut}{\type{ShelleyTxOut}}
\newcommand{\ShelleyUTxO}{\type{ShelleyUTxO}}
\newcommand{\ShelleyChainState}{\type{ShelleyChainState}}
\newcommand{\HasDV}{\type{HasDV}}
\newcommand{\TxInScr}{\type{TxInScr}}
\newcommand{\Info}{\type{Info}}
\newcommand{\ExUnits}{\type{ExUnits}}
\newcommand{\CostMod}{\type{CostModel}}
\newcommand{\ByteString}{\type{ByteString}}
\newcommand{\ValidityInterval}{\type{ValidityInterval}}
\newcommand{\Network}{\type{Network}}
\newcommand{\Prices}{\type{Prices}}
\newcommand{\IsFee}{\type{IsFee}}
\newcommand{\TxOut}{\type{TxOut}}
\newcommand{\OutFoo}{\type{OutFoo}}
\newcommand{\VKey}{\type{VKey}}
\newcommand{\VKeyEv}{\type{VKey_{ev}}}
\newcommand{\VKeyGen}{\type{VKey_G}}
\newcommand{\SKey}{\type{SKey}}
\newcommand{\SKeyEv}{\type{SKey_{ev}}}
\newcommand{\KeyHash}{\type{KeyHash}}
\newcommand{\RewardAcnt}{\type{RewardAcnt}}
\newcommand{\KeyHashGen}{\type{KeyHash_G}}
\newcommand{\KeyPair}{\type{KeyPair}}
\newcommand{\KeyPairEv}{\type{KeyPair_{ev}}}
\newcommand{\Sig}{\type{Sig}}
\newcommand{\Data}{\type{Data}}
%% Adding delegation
\newcommand{\Epoch}{\type{Epoch}}
\newcommand{\KESPeriod}{\type{KESPeriod}}
%% Blockchain
\newcommand{\Gkeys}{\var{G_{keys}}}
\newcommand{\Block}{\type{Block}}
\newcommand{\SlotId}{\type{SlotId}}
\newcommand{\PPUpdateEnv}{\type{PPUpdateEnv}}
\newcommand{\AVUpdateEnv}{\type{AVUpdateEnv}}
\newcommand{\AVUpdateState}{\type{AVUpdateState}}
\newcommand{\UpdateEnv}{\type{UpdateEnv}}
\newcommand{\UpdateState}{\type{UpdateState}}
\newcommand{\UTxOEnv}{\type{UTxOEnv}}
\newcommand{\CEEnv}{\type{CEEnv}}
\newcommand{\CEState}{\type{CEState}}
\newcommand{\BDEnv}{\type{BDEnv}}
\newcommand{\BDState}{\type{BDState}}
\newcommand{\LEnv}{\type{LEnv}}
\newcommand{\LState}{\type{LState}}
\newcommand{\GoguenChainState}{\type{GoguenChainState}}
%%
%% Functions
%%
\newcommand{\txins}[1]{\fun{txins}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txouts}[1]{\fun{txouts}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txcerts}[1]{\fun{txcerts}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txid}[1]{\fun{txid}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\outs}[1]{\fun{outs}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\values}[1]{\fun{values}~ #1}
\newcommand{\ubalance}[1]{\fun{ubalance}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txttl}[1]{\fun{txttl}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\firstSlot}[1]{\fun{firstSlot}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\deposited}[2]{\fun{deposited}~ \var{#1} ~ \var{#2}}
\newcommand{\decayedKey}[4]{\fun{decayedKey}~ \var{#1}~ \var{#2}~ \var{#3}~ \var{#4}}
\newcommand{\decayedTx}[3]{\fun{decayedTx}~ \var{#1}~ \var{#2}~ \var{#3}}
\newcommand{\keyRefund}[6]{\fun{keyRefund}~ {#1}~{#2}~{#3}~\var{#4}~\var{#5}~\var{#6}}
\newcommand{\refund}[4]{\fun{refund}~ \var{#1}~ \var{#2}~ {#3}~ {#4}}
\newcommand{\keyRefunds}[2]{\fun{keyRefunds}~ \var{#1}~ \var{#2}}
\newcommand{\consumed}[4]{\fun{consumed}~ \var{#1}~ \var{#2}~ \var{#3}~ \var{#4}}
\newcommand{\produced}[2]{\fun{produced}~ \var{#1}~ \var{#2}}
\newcommand{\applyFun}[2]{\fun{#1}~\var{#2}}

\newcommand{\RegKey}[1]{\textsc{RegKey}(#1)}
\newcommand{\DeregKey}[1]{\textsc{DeregKey}(#1)}
\newcommand{\Delegate}[1]{\textsc{Delegate}(#1)}
\newcommand{\RegPool}[1]{\textsc{RegPool}(#1)}
\newcommand{\RetirePool}[1]{\textsc{RetirePool}(#1)}
\newcommand{\cwitness}[1]{\fun{cwitness}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\dpool}[1]{\fun{dpool}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\poolParam}[1]{\fun{poolParam}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\retire}[1]{\fun{retire}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\addrRw}[1]{\fun{addr_{rwd}}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\epoch}[1]{\fun{epoch}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\kesPeriod}[1]{\fun{kesPeriod}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\pps}[1]{\fun{pps}~ \var{#1}}

%% UTxO witnesses
\newcommand{\inputs}[1]{\fun{inputs}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txwits}[1]{\fun{txwits}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\verify}[3]{\fun{verify} ~ #1 ~ #2 ~ #3}
\newcommand{\sign}[2]{\fun{sign} ~ #1 ~ #2}
\newcommand{\verifyEv}[4]{\fun{verify_{ev}} ~ #1 ~ #2 ~ #3 ~ #4}
\newcommand{\signEv}[3]{\fun{sign_{ev}} ~ #1 ~ #2 ~ #3}
\newcommand{\serialised}[1]{\llbracket \var{#1} \rrbracket}
\newcommand{\hashKey}[1]{\fun{hashKey}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txbody}[1]{\fun{txbody}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txfee}[1]{\fun{txfee}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\txwdrls}[1]{\fun{txwdrls}~ \var{#1}}
\newcommand{\minfee}[2]{\fun{minfee}~ \var{#1}~ \var{#2}}
\newcommand{\slotminus}[2]{\var{#1}~-_{s}~\var{#2}}
\DeclarePairedDelimiter\floor{\lfloor}{\rfloor}
% wildcard parameter
\newcommand{\wcard}[0]{\underline{\phantom{a}}}
%% Adding ledgers...
\newcommand{\utxo}[1]{\fun{utxo}~ #1}
%% Delegation
\newcommand{\delegatesName}{\fun{delegates}}
\newcommand{\delegates}[3]{\delegatesName~#1~#2~#3}
\newcommand{\dwho}[1]{\fun{dwho}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\depoch}[1]{\fun{depoch}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\dval}{\ensuremath{d_{\mathsf{val}}}}
%% Delegation witnesses
\newcommand{\dbody}[1]{\fun{dbody}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\dwit}[1]{\fun{dwit}~\var{#1}}
%% Blockchain
\newcommand{\bwit}[1]{\fun{bwit}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\bslot}[1]{\fun{bslot}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\bbody}[1]{\fun{bbody}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\bhbody}[1]{\fun{bhbody}~\var{#1}}
\newcommand{\bdlgs}[1]{\fun{bdlgs}~\var{#1}}
%% ledgerstate constants
\newcommand{\genesisId}{\ensuremath{Genesis_{Id}}}
\newcommand{\genesisTxOut}{\ensuremath{Genesis_{Out}}}
\newcommand{\genesisUTxO}{\ensuremath{Genesis_{UTxO}}}
\newcommand{\genesisUTxOState}{(\genesisUTxO,\wcard,\wcard,\wcard)}
\newcommand{\emax}{\ensuremath{\mathsf{E_{max}}}}

\newcommand{\unitInterval}{\ensuremath{[0,~1]}}
\newcommand{\unitIntervalNonNull}{\ensuremath{(0,~1]}}
\newcommand{\nonnegReals}{\ensuremath{[0,~\infty)}}
\newcommand{\posReals}{\ensuremath{(0,~\infty)}}

\newcommand{\Val}{\fun{Val}}
\newcommand{\Utxo}{\fun{Utxo}}
\newcommand{\field}{\fun{field}}


\theoremstyle{definition}
\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[section]
\newtheorem{property}{Property}[section]
\newtheorem{lemma}[definition]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{theorem}[definition]{Theorem}
\newtheorem{corollary}[definition]{Corollary}

\newcommand{\leteq}{\ensuremath{\mathrel{\mathop:}=}}

\definecolor{hldiffcolor}{rgb}{0.95, 0.93, 0}
\newcommand{\hldiff}[1]{\mathchoice
  {\colorbox{hldiffcolor}{$\displaystyle#1$}}
  {\colorbox{hldiffcolor}{$\textstyle#1$}}
  {\colorbox{hldiffcolor}{$\scriptstyle#1$}}
  {\colorbox{hldiffcolor}{$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}
\DeclareMathOperator{\supp}{supp}

%% In-para enumeration -- KH
\usepackage{paralist}

%% Enumeration args -- KH
\usepackage{enumitem}

\begin{document}

\input{frontmatter}

\tableofcontents
\listoffigures

\include{introduction}

\include{protocol-parameters}

\include{transactions}

\include{utxo}

\include{ledger}

\include{chain}

\include{mir}

%\include{constants}


\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{References}
\bibliographystyle{plainnat}
\bibliography{references}

\begin{appendix}
  \include{txinfo}
  \include{value-size}
  \include{properties}
\end{appendix}

\end{document}