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ESP32 RNG

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A Micro-python library which provides an interface to generate a TRUE random number using the ESP32's hardware RNG. It enables Wi-Fi temporarily to enhance entropic noise, reads a random value from the RNG_DATA_REG, and then disables Wi-Fi.

  • Library : esp32_rng.py
  • Library test: test_esp32_rng.py
  • Example: esp32_rng_random_number.py

Source: Espressif ESP32 technical reference manual (Version 5.2) / Section 25.Random Number Generator (RNG) / Page #604 link:

Example of "Classical" code not using the direct call to the ESP32 hardware and calling urandom lib instead (pseudo random number)

  • esp32_random_number.py

The ESP32 RNG generates random integer numbers as 32-bit values.

Edit (13.12.24)

I just had a look at the ESP32-C3 technical documentation and bingo !

The method for reading the RNG is exactly the same. Same register.

Only the address of the RNG_DATA_REG_ADD register changes to '0x600260B0'

I will do the tests and the publication of the results in a while.

Platform

The code was implemented for an Espressif ESP32 microcontroller on a NODEMCU ESP32 Development Board.

MicroPython v1.23.0 on 2024-06-02; Generic ESP32 module with ESP32
  • Chip is ESP32-D0WD (revision v1.0)

Performance:

  • Time taken to generate 180000 values: 90 seconds (avg)
  • Throughput: 7934 Bytes/sec
  • 2000 random values / sec.

TRNG validation

* Considering that the Espressif ESP32 chip has already been tested and approved using the Dieharder Random Number Test Suite (version 3.31.1), I will not repeat the tests to validate the reliability of the generator.

Update(24.11.24)

While testing my RNG on RP2040 Link, I became very aware of the entropy weakness provided by my MCU generator.

So the decision was to also test the Espressif ESP32 chip to confirm its reliability as a TRNG.

Testing tools used:

  • Ent (28.01.2008)
  • Dieharder version 3.31.1

Ent Test Report

(www.fourmilab.ch) John Walker

Dieharder Test Report

(https://webhome.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/General/dieharder.php) Robert G. Brown

Special tribute:

Passing of John Walker

We are deeply saddened to hear of the passing of John Walker, one of the founders of Autodesk. He died at home in Switzerland, on 2nd February 2024, aged 74.

The announcement was shared here.