diff --git a/.github/workflows/checks.yml b/.github/workflows/checks.yml
index 17dfb669d1b..9951280b74e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/checks.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/checks.yml
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ jobs:
           cp -rnT contracts lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts
       - name: Transpile to upgradeable
         run: bash scripts/upgradeable/transpile.sh
+      - name: Compile contracts # TODO: Remove after migrating tests to ethers
+        run: npm run compile
       - name: Run tests
         run: npm run test
       - name: Check linearisation of the inheritance graph
@@ -92,7 +94,10 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
-      - run: npm run coverage
+      - name: Compile contracts # TODO: Remove after migrating tests to ethers
+        run: npm run compile
+      - name: Run coverage
+        run: npm run coverage
       - uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
diff --git a/hardhat.config.js b/hardhat.config.js
index 4d5ab944ada..3102cfda599 100644
--- a/hardhat.config.js
+++ b/hardhat.config.js
@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ const argv = require('yargs/yargs')()
     },
   }).argv;
 
-require('@nomiclabs/hardhat-truffle5');
+require('@nomiclabs/hardhat-truffle5'); // deprecated
+require('@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox');
+require('@nomicfoundation/hardhat-ethers');
 require('hardhat-ignore-warnings');
 require('hardhat-exposed');
 require('solidity-docgen');
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ for (const f of fs.readdirSync(path.join(__dirname, 'hardhat'))) {
   require(path.join(__dirname, 'hardhat', f));
 }
 
-const withOptimizations = argv.gas || argv.compileMode === 'production';
+const withOptimizations = argv.gas || argv.coverage || argv.compileMode === 'production';
 
 /**
  * @type import('hardhat/config').HardhatUserConfig
@@ -99,7 +101,6 @@ module.exports = {
   },
   networks: {
     hardhat: {
-      blockGasLimit: 10000000,
       allowUnlimitedContractSize: !withOptimizations,
     },
   },
diff --git a/hardhat/env-artifacts.js b/hardhat/env-artifacts.js
index fbbea2e2d94..4cda9387cc3 100644
--- a/hardhat/env-artifacts.js
+++ b/hardhat/env-artifacts.js
@@ -1,18 +1,40 @@
 const { HardhatError } = require('hardhat/internal/core/errors');
 
-// Modifies `artifacts.require(X)` so that instead of X it loads the XUpgradeable contract.
+function isExpectedError(e, suffix) {
+  // HH700: Artifact not found - from https://hardhat.org/hardhat-runner/docs/errors#HH700
+  return HardhatError.isHardhatError(e) && e.number === 700 && suffix !== '';
+}
+
+// Modifies the artifact require functions so that instead of X it loads the XUpgradeable contract.
 // This allows us to run the same test suite on both the original and the transpiled and renamed Upgradeable contracts.
+extendEnvironment(hre => {
+  const suffixes = ['UpgradeableWithInit', 'Upgradeable', ''];
 
-extendEnvironment(env => {
-  const artifactsRequire = env.artifacts.require;
+  // Truffe (deprecated)
+  const originalRequire = hre.artifacts.require;
+  hre.artifacts.require = function (name) {
+    for (const suffix of suffixes) {
+      try {
+        return originalRequire.call(this, name + suffix);
+      } catch (e) {
+        if (isExpectedError(e, suffix)) {
+          continue;
+        } else {
+          throw e;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    throw new Error('Unreachable');
+  };
 
-  env.artifacts.require = name => {
-    for (const suffix of ['UpgradeableWithInit', 'Upgradeable', '']) {
+  // Ethers
+  const originalReadArtifact = hre.artifacts.readArtifact;
+  hre.artifacts.readArtifact = async function (name) {
+    for (const suffix of suffixes) {
       try {
-        return artifactsRequire(name + suffix);
+        return await originalReadArtifact.call(this, name + suffix);
       } catch (e) {
-        // HH700: Artifact not found - from https://hardhat.org/hardhat-runner/docs/errors#HH700
-        if (HardhatError.isHardhatError(e) && e.number === 700 && suffix !== '') {
+        if (isExpectedError(e, suffix)) {
           continue;
         } else {
           throw e;
diff --git a/hardhat/env-contract.js b/hardhat/env-contract.js
index c615249a3a3..06d4f187d6f 100644
--- a/hardhat/env-contract.js
+++ b/hardhat/env-contract.js
@@ -1,24 +1,40 @@
-extendEnvironment(env => {
-  const { contract } = env;
+// Remove the default account from the accounts list used in tests, in order
+// to protect tests against accidentally passing due to the contract
+// deployer being used subsequently as function caller
+//
+// This operation affects:
+// - the accounts (and signersAsPromise) parameters of `contract` blocks
+// - the return of hre.ethers.getSigners()
+extendEnvironment(hre => {
+  // TODO: replace with a mocha root hook.
+  // (see https://github.com/sc-forks/solidity-coverage/issues/819#issuecomment-1762963679)
+  if (!process.env.COVERAGE) {
+    // override hre.ethers.getSigner()
+    // note that we don't just discard the first signer, we also cache the value to improve speed.
+    const originalGetSigners = hre.ethers.getSigners;
+    const filteredSignersAsPromise = originalGetSigners().then(signers => signers.slice(1));
+    hre.ethers.getSigners = () => filteredSignersAsPromise;
+  }
 
-  env.contract = function (name, body) {
-    const { takeSnapshot } = require('@nomicfoundation/hardhat-network-helpers');
-
-    contract(name, accounts => {
-      // reset the state of the chain in between contract test suites
+  // override hre.contract
+  const originalContract = hre.contract;
+  hre.contract = function (name, body) {
+    originalContract.call(this, name, accounts => {
       let snapshot;
 
       before(async function () {
+        // reset the state of the chain in between contract test suites
+        // TODO: this should be removed when migration to ethers is over
+        const { takeSnapshot } = require('@nomicfoundation/hardhat-network-helpers');
         snapshot = await takeSnapshot();
       });
 
       after(async function () {
+        // reset the state of the chain in between contract test suites
+        // TODO: this should be removed when migration to ethers is over
         await snapshot.restore();
       });
 
-      // remove the default account from the accounts list used in tests, in order
-      // to protect tests against accidentally passing due to the contract
-      // deployer being used subsequently as function caller
       body(accounts.slice(1));
     });
   };
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index 0f4f9f55e4e..11586105968 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -13,8 +13,11 @@
         "@changesets/cli": "^2.26.0",
         "@changesets/pre": "^1.0.14",
         "@changesets/read": "^0.5.9",
+        "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-chai-matchers": "^2.0.2",
+        "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-ethers": "^3.0.4",
         "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-foundry": "^1.1.1",
         "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-network-helpers": "^1.0.3",
+        "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox": "^3.0.0",
         "@nomiclabs/hardhat-truffle5": "^2.0.5",
         "@nomiclabs/hardhat-web3": "^2.0.0",
         "@openzeppelin/docs-utils": "^0.1.5",
@@ -28,9 +31,10 @@
         "eth-sig-util": "^3.0.0",
         "ethereumjs-util": "^7.0.7",
         "ethereumjs-wallet": "^1.0.1",
+        "ethers": "^6.7.1",
         "glob": "^10.3.5",
         "graphlib": "^2.1.8",
-        "hardhat": "^2.9.1",
+        "hardhat": "^2.17.4",
         "hardhat-exposed": "^0.3.13",
         "hardhat-gas-reporter": "^1.0.9",
         "hardhat-ignore-warnings": "^0.2.0",
@@ -63,6 +67,12 @@
         "node": ">=0.10.0"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@adraffy/ens-normalize": {
+      "version": "1.9.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@adraffy/ens-normalize/-/ens-normalize-1.9.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-0h+FrQDqe2Wn+IIGFkTCd4aAwTJ+7834Ek1COohCyV26AXhwQ7WQaz+4F/nLOeVl/3BtWHOHLPsq46V8YB46Eg==",
+      "dev": true
+    },
     "node_modules/@babel/code-frame": {
       "version": "7.22.13",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.22.13.tgz",
@@ -431,6 +441,19 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/prettier/prettier?sponsor=1"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@cspotcode/source-map-support": {
+      "version": "0.8.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@cspotcode/source-map-support/-/source-map-support-0.8.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-IchNf6dN4tHoMFIn/7OE8LWZ19Y6q/67Bmf6vnGREv8RSbBVb9LPJxEcnwrcwX6ixSvaiGoomAUvu4YSxXrVgw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@jridgewell/trace-mapping": "0.3.9"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@ensdomains/address-encoder": {
       "version": "0.1.9",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@ensdomains/address-encoder/-/address-encoder-0.1.9.tgz",
@@ -1542,6 +1565,34 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/chalk/wrap-ansi?sponsor=1"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@jridgewell/resolve-uri": {
+      "version": "3.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@jridgewell/resolve-uri/-/resolve-uri-3.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-dSYZh7HhCDtCKm4QakX0xFpsRDqjjtZf/kjI/v3T3Nwt5r8/qz/M19F9ySyOqU94SXBmeG9ttTul+YnR4LOxFA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=6.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": {
+      "version": "1.4.15",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec/-/sourcemap-codec-1.4.15.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-eF2rxCRulEKXHTRiDrDy6erMYWqNw4LPdQ8UQA4huuxaQsVeRPFl2oM8oDGxMFhJUWZf9McpLtJasDDZb/Bpeg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true
+    },
+    "node_modules/@jridgewell/trace-mapping": {
+      "version": "0.3.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@jridgewell/trace-mapping/-/trace-mapping-0.3.9.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-3Belt6tdc8bPgAtbcmdtNJlirVoTmEb5e2gC94PnkwEW9jI6CAHUeoG85tjWP5WquqfavoMtMwiG4P926ZKKuQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@jridgewell/resolve-uri": "^3.0.3",
+        "@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec": "^1.4.10"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@manypkg/find-root": {
       "version": "1.1.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@manypkg/find-root/-/find-root-1.1.0.tgz",
@@ -2013,6 +2064,38 @@
         "node": ">=14"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-chai-matchers": {
+      "version": "2.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-chai-matchers/-/hardhat-chai-matchers-2.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-9Wu9mRtkj0U9ohgXYFbB/RQDa+PcEdyBm2suyEtsJf3PqzZEEjLUZgWnMjlFhATMk/fp3BjmnYVPrwl+gr8oEw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@types/chai-as-promised": "^7.1.3",
+        "chai-as-promised": "^7.1.1",
+        "deep-eql": "^4.0.1",
+        "ordinal": "^1.0.3"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-ethers": "^3.0.0",
+        "chai": "^4.2.0",
+        "ethers": "^6.1.0",
+        "hardhat": "^2.9.4"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-ethers": {
+      "version": "3.0.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-ethers/-/hardhat-ethers-3.0.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-k9qbLoY7qn6C6Y1LI0gk2kyHXil2Tauj4kGzQ8pgxYXIGw8lWn8tuuL72E11CrlKaXRUvOgF0EXrv/msPI2SbA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "debug": "^4.1.1",
+        "lodash.isequal": "^4.5.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "ethers": "^6.1.0",
+        "hardhat": "^2.0.0"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-foundry": {
       "version": "1.1.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-foundry/-/hardhat-foundry-1.1.1.tgz",
@@ -2037,6 +2120,75 @@
         "hardhat": "^2.9.5"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox": {
+      "version": "3.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox/-/hardhat-toolbox-3.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-MsteDXd0UagMksqm9KvcFG6gNKYNa3GGNCy73iQ6bEasEgg2v8Qjl6XA5hjs8o5UD5A3153B6W2BIVJ8SxYUtA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-chai-matchers": "^2.0.0",
+        "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-ethers": "^3.0.0",
+        "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-network-helpers": "^1.0.0",
+        "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-verify": "^1.0.0",
+        "@typechain/ethers-v6": "^0.4.0",
+        "@typechain/hardhat": "^8.0.0",
+        "@types/chai": "^4.2.0",
+        "@types/mocha": ">=9.1.0",
+        "@types/node": ">=12.0.0",
+        "chai": "^4.2.0",
+        "ethers": "^6.4.0",
+        "hardhat": "^2.11.0",
+        "hardhat-gas-reporter": "^1.0.8",
+        "solidity-coverage": "^0.8.1",
+        "ts-node": ">=8.0.0",
+        "typechain": "^8.2.0",
+        "typescript": ">=4.5.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-verify": {
+      "version": "1.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-verify/-/hardhat-verify-1.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-9QsTYD7pcZaQFEA3tBb/D/oCStYDiEVDN7Dxeo/4SCyHRSm86APypxxdOMEPlGmXsAvd+p1j/dTODcpxb8aztA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@ethersproject/abi": "^5.1.2",
+        "@ethersproject/address": "^5.0.2",
+        "cbor": "^8.1.0",
+        "chalk": "^2.4.2",
+        "debug": "^4.1.1",
+        "lodash.clonedeep": "^4.5.0",
+        "semver": "^6.3.0",
+        "table": "^6.8.0",
+        "undici": "^5.14.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "hardhat": "^2.0.4"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-verify/node_modules/cbor": {
+      "version": "8.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/cbor/-/cbor-8.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-DwGjNW9omn6EwP70aXsn7FQJx5kO12tX0bZkaTjzdVFM6/7nhA4t0EENocKGx6D2Bch9PE2KzCUf5SceBdeijg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "nofilter": "^3.1.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12.19"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomicfoundation/hardhat-verify/node_modules/semver": {
+      "version": "6.3.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-6.3.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-BR7VvDCVHO+q2xBEWskxS6DJE1qRnb7DxzUrogb71CWoSficBxYsiAGd+Kl0mmq/MprG9yArRkyrQxTO6XjMzA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "bin": {
+        "semver": "bin/semver.js"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@nomicfoundation/solidity-analyzer": {
       "version": "0.1.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nomicfoundation/solidity-analyzer/-/solidity-analyzer-0.1.1.tgz",
@@ -2274,6 +2426,64 @@
         "web3-utils": "^1.2.1"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@nomiclabs/truffle-contract/node_modules/aes-js": {
+      "version": "3.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/aes-js/-/aes-js-3.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-H7wUZRn8WpTq9jocdxQ2c8x2sKo9ZVmzfRE13GiNJXfp7NcKYEdvl3vspKjXox6RIG2VtaRe4JFvxG4rqp2Zuw==",
+      "dev": true
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomiclabs/truffle-contract/node_modules/ethers": {
+      "version": "4.0.49",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ethers/-/ethers-4.0.49.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-kPltTvWiyu+OktYy1IStSO16i2e7cS9D9OxZ81q2UUaiNPVrm/RTcbxamCXF9VUSKzJIdJV68EAIhTEVBalRWg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "aes-js": "3.0.0",
+        "bn.js": "^4.11.9",
+        "elliptic": "6.5.4",
+        "hash.js": "1.1.3",
+        "js-sha3": "0.5.7",
+        "scrypt-js": "2.0.4",
+        "setimmediate": "1.0.4",
+        "uuid": "2.0.1",
+        "xmlhttprequest": "1.8.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomiclabs/truffle-contract/node_modules/hash.js": {
+      "version": "1.1.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/hash.js/-/hash.js-1.1.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-/UETyP0W22QILqS+6HowevwhEFJ3MBJnwTf75Qob9Wz9t0DPuisL8kW8YZMK62dHAKE1c1p+gY1TtOLY+USEHA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "inherits": "^2.0.3",
+        "minimalistic-assert": "^1.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomiclabs/truffle-contract/node_modules/js-sha3": {
+      "version": "0.5.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/js-sha3/-/js-sha3-0.5.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-GII20kjaPX0zJ8wzkTbNDYMY7msuZcTWk8S5UOh6806Jq/wz1J8/bnr8uGU0DAUmYDjj2Mr4X1cW8v/GLYnR+g==",
+      "dev": true
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomiclabs/truffle-contract/node_modules/scrypt-js": {
+      "version": "2.0.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/scrypt-js/-/scrypt-js-2.0.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4KsaGcPnuhtCZQCxFxN3GVYIhKFPTdLd8PLC552XwbMndtD0cjRFAhDuuydXQ0h08ZfPgzqe6EKHozpuH74iDw==",
+      "dev": true
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomiclabs/truffle-contract/node_modules/setimmediate": {
+      "version": "1.0.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/setimmediate/-/setimmediate-1.0.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-/TjEmXQVEzdod/FFskf3o7oOAsGhHf2j1dZqRFbDzq4F3mvvxflIIi4Hd3bLQE9y/CpwqfSQam5JakI/mi3Pog==",
+      "dev": true
+    },
+    "node_modules/@nomiclabs/truffle-contract/node_modules/uuid": {
+      "version": "2.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/uuid/-/uuid-2.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-nWg9+Oa3qD2CQzHIP4qKUqwNfzKn8P0LtFhotaCTFchsV7ZfDhAybeip/HZVeMIpZi9JgY1E3nUlwaCmZT1sEg==",
+      "deprecated": "Please upgrade  to version 7 or higher.  Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic.  See https://v8.dev/blog/math-random for details.",
+      "dev": true
+    },
     "node_modules/@openzeppelin/contract-loader": {
       "version": "0.6.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@openzeppelin/contract-loader/-/contract-loader-0.6.3.tgz",
@@ -2968,6 +3178,12 @@
         "node": "^16.20 || ^18.16 || >=20"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@truffle/contract/node_modules/aes-js": {
+      "version": "3.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/aes-js/-/aes-js-3.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-H7wUZRn8WpTq9jocdxQ2c8x2sKo9ZVmzfRE13GiNJXfp7NcKYEdvl3vspKjXox6RIG2VtaRe4JFvxG4rqp2Zuw==",
+      "dev": true
+    },
     "node_modules/@truffle/contract/node_modules/cross-fetch": {
       "version": "3.1.8",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/cross-fetch/-/cross-fetch-3.1.8.tgz",
@@ -2988,6 +3204,58 @@
         "xhr-request-promise": "^0.1.2"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@truffle/contract/node_modules/ethers": {
+      "version": "4.0.49",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ethers/-/ethers-4.0.49.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-kPltTvWiyu+OktYy1IStSO16i2e7cS9D9OxZ81q2UUaiNPVrm/RTcbxamCXF9VUSKzJIdJV68EAIhTEVBalRWg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "aes-js": "3.0.0",
+        "bn.js": "^4.11.9",
+        "elliptic": "6.5.4",
+        "hash.js": "1.1.3",
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+      "integrity": "sha512-dOy+3AuW3a2wNbZHIuMZpTcgjGuLU/uBL/ubcZF9OXbDo8ff4O8yVp5Bf0efS8uEoYo5q4Fx7dY9OgQGXgAsQA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true
+    },
+    "node_modules/ts-command-line-args/node_modules/has-flag": {
+      "version": "4.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/has-flag/-/has-flag-4.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-EykJT/Q1KjTWctppgIAgfSO0tKVuZUjhgMr17kqTumMl6Afv3EISleU7qZUzoXDFTAHTDC4NOoG/ZxU3EvlMPQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/ts-command-line-args/node_modules/supports-color": {
+      "version": "7.2.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/supports-color/-/supports-color-7.2.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-qpCAvRl9stuOHveKsn7HncJRvv501qIacKzQlO/+Lwxc9+0q2wLyv4Dfvt80/DPn2pqOBsJdDiogXGR9+OvwRw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "has-flag": "^4.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/ts-essentials": {
+      "version": "7.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ts-essentials/-/ts-essentials-7.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-8+gr5+lqO3G84KdiTSMRLtuyJ+nTBVRKuCrK4lidMPdVeEp0uqC875uE5NMcaA7YYMN7XsNiFQuMvasF8HT/xQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "typescript": ">=3.7.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/ts-node": {
+      "version": "10.9.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ts-node/-/ts-node-10.9.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-NtVysVPkxxrwFGUUxGYhfux8k78pQB3JqYBXlLRZgdGUqTO5wU/UyHop5p70iEbGhB7q5KmiZiU0Y3KlJrScEw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@cspotcode/source-map-support": "^0.8.0",
+        "@tsconfig/node10": "^1.0.7",
+        "@tsconfig/node12": "^1.0.7",
+        "@tsconfig/node14": "^1.0.0",
+        "@tsconfig/node16": "^1.0.2",
+        "acorn": "^8.4.1",
+        "acorn-walk": "^8.1.1",
+        "arg": "^4.1.0",
+        "create-require": "^1.1.0",
+        "diff": "^4.0.1",
+        "make-error": "^1.1.1",
+        "v8-compile-cache-lib": "^3.0.1",
+        "yn": "3.1.1"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "ts-node": "dist/bin.js",
+        "ts-node-cwd": "dist/bin-cwd.js",
+        "ts-node-esm": "dist/bin-esm.js",
+        "ts-node-script": "dist/bin-script.js",
+        "ts-node-transpile-only": "dist/bin-transpile.js",
+        "ts-script": "dist/bin-script-deprecated.js"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "@swc/core": ">=1.2.50",
+        "@swc/wasm": ">=1.2.50",
+        "@types/node": "*",
+        "typescript": ">=2.7"
+      },
+      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+        "@swc/core": {
+          "optional": true
+        },
+        "@swc/wasm": {
+          "optional": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/ts-node/node_modules/diff": {
+      "version": "4.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/diff/-/diff-4.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-58lmxKSA4BNyLz+HHMUzlOEpg09FV+ev6ZMe3vJihgdxzgcwZ8VoEEPmALCZG9LmqfVoNMMKpttIYTVG6uDY7A==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=0.3.1"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/tslib": {
       "version": "1.14.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tslib/-/tslib-1.14.1.tgz",
@@ -14797,6 +15645,81 @@
         "node": ">= 0.6"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/typechain": {
+      "version": "8.3.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typechain/-/typechain-8.3.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-fA7clol2IP/56yq6vkMTR+4URF1nGjV82Wx6Rf09EsqD4tkzMAvEaqYxVFCavJm/1xaRga/oD55K+4FtuXwQOQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@types/prettier": "^2.1.1",
+        "debug": "^4.3.1",
+        "fs-extra": "^7.0.0",
+        "glob": "7.1.7",
+        "js-sha3": "^0.8.0",
+        "lodash": "^4.17.15",
+        "mkdirp": "^1.0.4",
+        "prettier": "^2.3.1",
+        "ts-command-line-args": "^2.2.0",
+        "ts-essentials": "^7.0.1"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "typechain": "dist/cli/cli.js"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "typescript": ">=4.3.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/typechain/node_modules/glob": {
+      "version": "7.1.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/glob/-/glob-7.1.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-OvD9ENzPLbegENnYP5UUfJIirTg4+XwMWGaQfQTY0JenxNvvIKP3U3/tAQSPIu/lHxXYSZmpXlUHeqAIdKzBLQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "fs.realpath": "^1.0.0",
+        "inflight": "^1.0.4",
+        "inherits": "2",
+        "minimatch": "^3.0.4",
+        "once": "^1.3.0",
+        "path-is-absolute": "^1.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "*"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/typechain/node_modules/mkdirp": {
+      "version": "1.0.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/-/mkdirp-1.0.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-vVqVZQyf3WLx2Shd0qJ9xuvqgAyKPLAiqITEtqW0oIUjzo3PePDd6fW9iFz30ef7Ysp/oiWqbhszeGWW2T6Gzw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "bin": {
+        "mkdirp": "bin/cmd.js"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=10"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/typechain/node_modules/prettier": {
+      "version": "2.8.8",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/prettier/-/prettier-2.8.8.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-tdN8qQGvNjw4CHbY+XXk0JgCXn9QiF21a55rBe5LJAU+kDyC4WQn4+awm2Xfk2lQMk5fKup9XgzTZtGkjBdP9Q==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "bin": {
+        "prettier": "bin-prettier.js"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=10.13.0"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/prettier/prettier?sponsor=1"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/typed-array-buffer": {
       "version": "1.0.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typed-array-buffer/-/typed-array-buffer-1.0.0.tgz",
@@ -14877,6 +15800,30 @@
         "is-typedarray": "^1.0.0"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/typescript": {
+      "version": "5.2.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typescript/-/typescript-5.2.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-mI4WrpHsbCIcwT9cF4FZvr80QUeKvsUsUvKDoR+X/7XHQH98xYD8YHZg7ANtz2GtZt/CBq2QJ0thkGJMHfqc1w==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "bin": {
+        "tsc": "bin/tsc",
+        "tsserver": "bin/tsserver"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=14.17"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/typical": {
+      "version": "4.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typical/-/typical-4.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-VAH4IvQ7BDFYglMd7BPRDfLgxZZX4O4TFcRDA6EN5X7erNJJq+McIEp8np9aVtxrCJ6qx4GTYVfOWNjcqwZgRw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/uglify-js": {
       "version": "3.17.4",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/uglify-js/-/uglify-js-3.17.4.tgz",
@@ -15033,6 +15980,13 @@
         "uuid": "dist/bin/uuid"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/v8-compile-cache-lib": {
+      "version": "3.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/v8-compile-cache-lib/-/v8-compile-cache-lib-3.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-wa7YjyUGfNZngI/vtK0UHAN+lgDCxBPCylVXGp0zu59Fz5aiGtNXaq3DhIov063MorB+VfufLh3JlF2KdTK3xg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true
+    },
     "node_modules/validate-npm-package-license": {
       "version": "3.0.4",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/validate-npm-package-license/-/validate-npm-package-license-3.0.4.tgz",
@@ -16082,6 +17036,30 @@
       "integrity": "sha512-gvVzJFlPycKc5dZN4yPkP8w7Dc37BtP1yczEneOb4uq34pXZcvrtRTmWV8W+Ume+XCxKgbjM+nevkyFPMybd4Q==",
       "dev": true
     },
+    "node_modules/wordwrapjs": {
+      "version": "4.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/wordwrapjs/-/wordwrapjs-4.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-kKlNACbvHrkpIw6oPeYDSmdCTu2hdMHoyXLTcUKala++lx5Y+wjJ/e474Jqv5abnVmwxw08DiTuHmw69lJGksA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "reduce-flatten": "^2.0.0",
+        "typical": "^5.2.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/wordwrapjs/node_modules/typical": {
+      "version": "5.2.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typical/-/typical-5.2.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-dvdQgNDNJo+8B2uBQoqdb11eUCE1JQXhvjC/CZtgvZseVd5TYMXnq0+vuUemXbd/Se29cTaUuPX3YIc2xgbvIg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/workerpool": {
       "version": "6.2.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/workerpool/-/workerpool-6.2.1.tgz",
@@ -16523,6 +17501,16 @@
         "node": ">=12"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/yn": {
+      "version": "3.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/yn/-/yn-3.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Ux4ygGWsu2c7isFWe8Yu1YluJmqVhxqK2cLXNQA5AcC3QfbGNpM7fu0Y8b/z16pXLnFxZYvWhd3fhBY9DLmC6Q==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "peer": true,
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=6"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/yocto-queue": {
       "version": "0.1.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/yocto-queue/-/yocto-queue-0.1.0.tgz",
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index c7e92efa0fc..4b0be403df1 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -53,8 +53,11 @@
     "@changesets/cli": "^2.26.0",
     "@changesets/pre": "^1.0.14",
     "@changesets/read": "^0.5.9",
+    "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-chai-matchers": "^2.0.2",
+    "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-ethers": "^3.0.4",
     "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-foundry": "^1.1.1",
     "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-network-helpers": "^1.0.3",
+    "@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox": "^3.0.0",
     "@nomiclabs/hardhat-truffle5": "^2.0.5",
     "@nomiclabs/hardhat-web3": "^2.0.0",
     "@openzeppelin/docs-utils": "^0.1.5",
@@ -68,9 +71,10 @@
     "eth-sig-util": "^3.0.0",
     "ethereumjs-util": "^7.0.7",
     "ethereumjs-wallet": "^1.0.1",
+    "ethers": "^6.7.1",
     "glob": "^10.3.5",
     "graphlib": "^2.1.8",
-    "hardhat": "^2.9.1",
+    "hardhat": "^2.17.4",
     "hardhat-exposed": "^0.3.13",
     "hardhat-gas-reporter": "^1.0.9",
     "hardhat-ignore-warnings": "^0.2.0",
diff --git a/test/access/Ownable.test.js b/test/access/Ownable.test.js
index f85daec5d28..fabcb7d52d7 100644
--- a/test/access/Ownable.test.js
+++ b/test/access/Ownable.test.js
@@ -1,72 +1,73 @@
-const { constants, expectEvent } = require('@openzeppelin/test-helpers');
-const { expectRevertCustomError } = require('../helpers/customError');
-
-const { ZERO_ADDRESS } = constants;
-
+const { ethers } = require('hardhat');
 const { expect } = require('chai');
+const { loadFixture } = require('@nomicfoundation/hardhat-network-helpers');
 
-const Ownable = artifacts.require('$Ownable');
-
-contract('Ownable', function (accounts) {
-  const [owner, other] = accounts;
+async function fixture() {
+  const [owner, other] = await ethers.getSigners();
+  const ownable = await ethers.deployContract('$Ownable', [owner]);
+  return { owner, other, ownable };
+}
 
+describe('Ownable', function () {
   beforeEach(async function () {
-    this.ownable = await Ownable.new(owner);
+    Object.assign(this, await loadFixture(fixture));
   });
 
   it('rejects zero address for initialOwner', async function () {
-    await expectRevertCustomError(Ownable.new(constants.ZERO_ADDRESS), 'OwnableInvalidOwner', [constants.ZERO_ADDRESS]);
+    await expect(ethers.deployContract('$Ownable', [ethers.ZeroAddress]))
+      .to.be.revertedWithCustomError({ interface: this.ownable.interface }, 'OwnableInvalidOwner')
+      .withArgs(ethers.ZeroAddress);
   });
 
   it('has an owner', async function () {
-    expect(await this.ownable.owner()).to.equal(owner);
+    expect(await this.ownable.owner()).to.equal(this.owner.address);
   });
 
   describe('transfer ownership', function () {
     it('changes owner after transfer', async function () {
-      const receipt = await this.ownable.transferOwnership(other, { from: owner });
-      expectEvent(receipt, 'OwnershipTransferred');
+      await expect(this.ownable.connect(this.owner).transferOwnership(this.other))
+        .to.emit(this.ownable, 'OwnershipTransferred')
+        .withArgs(this.owner.address, this.other.address);
 
-      expect(await this.ownable.owner()).to.equal(other);
+      expect(await this.ownable.owner()).to.equal(this.other.address);
     });
 
     it('prevents non-owners from transferring', async function () {
-      await expectRevertCustomError(
-        this.ownable.transferOwnership(other, { from: other }),
-        'OwnableUnauthorizedAccount',
-        [other],
-      );
+      await expect(this.ownable.connect(this.other).transferOwnership(this.other))
+        .to.be.revertedWithCustomError(this.ownable, 'OwnableUnauthorizedAccount')
+        .withArgs(this.other.address);
     });
 
     it('guards ownership against stuck state', async function () {
-      await expectRevertCustomError(
-        this.ownable.transferOwnership(ZERO_ADDRESS, { from: owner }),
-        'OwnableInvalidOwner',
-        [ZERO_ADDRESS],
-      );
+      await expect(this.ownable.connect(this.owner).transferOwnership(ethers.ZeroAddress))
+        .to.be.revertedWithCustomError(this.ownable, 'OwnableInvalidOwner')
+        .withArgs(ethers.ZeroAddress);
     });
   });
 
   describe('renounce ownership', function () {
     it('loses ownership after renouncement', async function () {
-      const receipt = await this.ownable.renounceOwnership({ from: owner });
-      expectEvent(receipt, 'OwnershipTransferred');
+      await expect(this.ownable.connect(this.owner).renounceOwnership())
+        .to.emit(this.ownable, 'OwnershipTransferred')
+        .withArgs(this.owner.address, ethers.ZeroAddress);
 
-      expect(await this.ownable.owner()).to.equal(ZERO_ADDRESS);
+      expect(await this.ownable.owner()).to.equal(ethers.ZeroAddress);
     });
 
     it('prevents non-owners from renouncement', async function () {
-      await expectRevertCustomError(this.ownable.renounceOwnership({ from: other }), 'OwnableUnauthorizedAccount', [
-        other,
-      ]);
+      await expect(this.ownable.connect(this.other).renounceOwnership())
+        .to.be.revertedWithCustomError(this.ownable, 'OwnableUnauthorizedAccount')
+        .withArgs(this.other.address);
     });
 
     it('allows to recover access using the internal _transferOwnership', async function () {
-      await this.ownable.renounceOwnership({ from: owner });
-      const receipt = await this.ownable.$_transferOwnership(other);
-      expectEvent(receipt, 'OwnershipTransferred');
+      await this.ownable.connect(this.owner).renounceOwnership();
+
+      await expect(this.ownable.$_transferOwnership(this.other))
+        .to.emit(this.ownable, 'OwnershipTransferred')
+        .withArgs(ethers.ZeroAddress, this.other.address);
 
-      expect(await this.ownable.owner()).to.equal(other);
+      expect(await this.ownable.owner()).to.equal(this.other.address);
     });
   });
 });
diff --git a/test/access/Ownable2Step.test.js b/test/access/Ownable2Step.test.js
index bdbac48fa12..e77307d9859 100644
--- a/test/access/Ownable2Step.test.js
+++ b/test/access/Ownable2Step.test.js
@@ -1,70 +1,85 @@
-const { constants, expectEvent } = require('@openzeppelin/test-helpers');
-const { ZERO_ADDRESS } = constants;
+const { ethers } = require('hardhat');
 const { expect } = require('chai');
-const { expectRevertCustomError } = require('../helpers/customError');
+const { loadFixture } = require('@nomicfoundation/hardhat-network-helpers');
 
-const Ownable2Step = artifacts.require('$Ownable2Step');
-
-contract('Ownable2Step', function (accounts) {
-  const [owner, accountA, accountB] = accounts;
+async function fixture() {
+  const [owner, accountA, accountB] = await ethers.getSigners();
+  const ownable2Step = await ethers.deployContract('$Ownable2Step', [owner]);
+  return {
+    ownable2Step,
+    owner,
+    accountA,
+    accountB,
+  };
+}
 
+describe('Ownable2Step', function () {
   beforeEach(async function () {
-    this.ownable2Step = await Ownable2Step.new(owner);
+    Object.assign(this, await loadFixture(fixture));
   });
 
   describe('transfer ownership', function () {
     it('starting a transfer does not change owner', async function () {
-      const receipt = await this.ownable2Step.transferOwnership(accountA, { from: owner });
-      expectEvent(receipt, 'OwnershipTransferStarted', { previousOwner: owner, newOwner: accountA });
-      expect(await this.ownable2Step.owner()).to.equal(owner);
-      expect(await this.ownable2Step.pendingOwner()).to.equal(accountA);
+      await expect(this.ownable2Step.connect(this.owner).transferOwnership(this.accountA))
+        .to.emit(this.ownable2Step, 'OwnershipTransferStarted')
+        .withArgs(this.owner.address, this.accountA.address);
+
+      expect(await this.ownable2Step.owner()).to.equal(this.owner.address);
+      expect(await this.ownable2Step.pendingOwner()).to.equal(this.accountA.address);
     });
 
     it('changes owner after transfer', async function () {
-      await this.ownable2Step.transferOwnership(accountA, { from: owner });
-      const receipt = await this.ownable2Step.acceptOwnership({ from: accountA });
-      expectEvent(receipt, 'OwnershipTransferred', { previousOwner: owner, newOwner: accountA });
-      expect(await this.ownable2Step.owner()).to.equal(accountA);
-      expect(await this.ownable2Step.pendingOwner()).to.not.equal(accountA);
+      await this.ownable2Step.connect(this.owner).transferOwnership(this.accountA);
+
+      await expect(this.ownable2Step.connect(this.accountA).acceptOwnership())
+        .to.emit(this.ownable2Step, 'OwnershipTransferred')
+        .withArgs(this.owner.address, this.accountA.address);
+
+      expect(await this.ownable2Step.owner()).to.equal(this.accountA.address);
+      expect(await this.ownable2Step.pendingOwner()).to.equal(ethers.ZeroAddress);
     });
 
     it('guards transfer against invalid user', async function () {
-      await this.ownable2Step.transferOwnership(accountA, { from: owner });
-      await expectRevertCustomError(
-        this.ownable2Step.acceptOwnership({ from: accountB }),
-        'OwnableUnauthorizedAccount',
-        [accountB],
-      );
+      await this.ownable2Step.connect(this.owner).transferOwnership(this.accountA);
+
+      await expect(this.ownable2Step.connect(this.accountB).acceptOwnership())
+        .to.be.revertedWithCustomError(this.ownable2Step, 'OwnableUnauthorizedAccount')
+        .withArgs(this.accountB.address);
     });
   });
 
   describe('renouncing ownership', async function () {
     it('changes owner after renouncing ownership', async function () {
-      await this.ownable2Step.renounceOwnership({ from: owner });
+      await expect(this.ownable2Step.connect(this.owner).renounceOwnership())
+        .to.emit(this.ownable2Step, 'OwnershipTransferred')
+        .withArgs(this.owner.address, ethers.ZeroAddress);
+
       // If renounceOwnership is removed from parent an alternative is needed ...
       // without it is difficult to cleanly renounce with the two step process
       // see: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3620#discussion_r957930388
-      expect(await this.ownable2Step.owner()).to.equal(ZERO_ADDRESS);
+      expect(await this.ownable2Step.owner()).to.equal(ethers.ZeroAddress);
     });
 
     it('pending owner resets after renouncing ownership', async function () {
-      await this.ownable2Step.transferOwnership(accountA, { from: owner });
-      expect(await this.ownable2Step.pendingOwner()).to.equal(accountA);
-      await this.ownable2Step.renounceOwnership({ from: owner });
-      expect(await this.ownable2Step.pendingOwner()).to.equal(ZERO_ADDRESS);
-      await expectRevertCustomError(
-        this.ownable2Step.acceptOwnership({ from: accountA }),
-        'OwnableUnauthorizedAccount',
-        [accountA],
-      );
+      await this.ownable2Step.connect(this.owner).transferOwnership(this.accountA);
+      expect(await this.ownable2Step.pendingOwner()).to.equal(this.accountA.address);
+
+      await this.ownable2Step.connect(this.owner).renounceOwnership();
+      expect(await this.ownable2Step.pendingOwner()).to.equal(ethers.ZeroAddress);
+
+      await expect(this.ownable2Step.connect(this.accountA).acceptOwnership())
+        .to.be.revertedWithCustomError(this.ownable2Step, 'OwnableUnauthorizedAccount')
+        .withArgs(this.accountA.address);
     });
 
     it('allows to recover access using the internal _transferOwnership', async function () {
-      await this.ownable2Step.renounceOwnership({ from: owner });
-      const receipt = await this.ownable2Step.$_transferOwnership(accountA);
-      expectEvent(receipt, 'OwnershipTransferred');
+      await this.ownable2Step.connect(this.owner).renounceOwnership();
+
+      await expect(this.ownable2Step.$_transferOwnership(this.accountA))
+        .to.emit(this.ownable2Step, 'OwnershipTransferred')
+        .withArgs(ethers.ZeroAddress, this.accountA.address);
 
-      expect(await this.ownable2Step.owner()).to.equal(accountA);
+      expect(await this.ownable2Step.owner()).to.equal(this.accountA.address);
     });
   });
 });
diff --git a/test/helpers/chainid.js b/test/helpers/chainid.js
index 58757eb80f9..693a822e559 100644
--- a/test/helpers/chainid.js
+++ b/test/helpers/chainid.js
@@ -7,4 +7,6 @@ async function getChainId() {
 
 module.exports = {
   getChainId,
+  // TODO: when tests are ready to support bigint chainId
+  // getChainId: ethers.provider.getNetwork().then(network => network.chainId),
 };
diff --git a/test/helpers/create.js b/test/helpers/create.js
index 98a0d4c4787..fa837395ab1 100644
--- a/test/helpers/create.js
+++ b/test/helpers/create.js
@@ -1,22 +1,6 @@
-const RLP = require('rlp');
-
-function computeCreateAddress(deployer, nonce) {
-  return web3.utils.toChecksumAddress(web3.utils.sha3(RLP.encode([deployer.address ?? deployer, nonce])).slice(-40));
-}
-
-function computeCreate2Address(saltHex, bytecode, deployer) {
-  return web3.utils.toChecksumAddress(
-    web3.utils
-      .sha3(
-        `0x${['ff', deployer.address ?? deployer, saltHex, web3.utils.soliditySha3(bytecode)]
-          .map(x => x.replace(/0x/, ''))
-          .join('')}`,
-      )
-      .slice(-40),
-  );
-}
+const { ethers } = require('hardhat');
 
 module.exports = {
-  computeCreateAddress,
-  computeCreate2Address,
+  computeCreateAddress: (from, nonce) => ethers.getCreateAddress({ from, nonce }),
+  computeCreate2Address: (salt, bytecode, from) => ethers.getCreate2Address(from, salt, ethers.keccak256(bytecode)),
 };
diff --git a/test/helpers/customError.js b/test/helpers/customError.js
index ea5c36820c5..acc3214eb80 100644
--- a/test/helpers/customError.js
+++ b/test/helpers/customError.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// DEPRECATED: replace with hardhat-toolbox chai matchers.
+
 const { expect } = require('chai');
 
 /** Revert handler that supports custom errors. */
diff --git a/test/sanity.test.js b/test/sanity.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9728b14e41a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/sanity.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+const { ethers } = require('hardhat');
+const { expect } = require('chai');
+const { loadFixture, mine } = require('@nomicfoundation/hardhat-network-helpers');
+
+async function fixture() {
+  const signers = await ethers.getSigners();
+  const addresses = await Promise.all(signers.map(s => s.getAddress()));
+  return { signers, addresses };
+}
+
+contract('Environment sanity', function (accounts) {
+  beforeEach(async function () {
+    Object.assign(this, await loadFixture(fixture));
+  });
+
+  describe('[skip-on-coverage] signers', function () {
+    it('match accounts', async function () {
+      expect(this.addresses).to.deep.equal(accounts);
+    });
+
+    it('signer #0 is skipped', async function () {
+      const signer = await ethers.provider.getSigner(0);
+      expect(this.addresses).to.not.include(await signer.getAddress());
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('snapshot', function () {
+    let blockNumberBefore;
+
+    it('cache and mine', async function () {
+      blockNumberBefore = await ethers.provider.getBlockNumber();
+      await mine();
+      expect(await ethers.provider.getBlockNumber()).to.be.equal(blockNumberBefore + 1);
+    });
+
+    it('check snapshot', async function () {
+      expect(await ethers.provider.getBlockNumber()).to.be.equal(blockNumberBefore);
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/token/common/ERC2981.behavior.js b/test/token/common/ERC2981.behavior.js
index 15efa239f70..1c062b0524c 100644
--- a/test/token/common/ERC2981.behavior.js
+++ b/test/token/common/ERC2981.behavior.js
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ function shouldBehaveLikeERC2981() {
       const token2Info = await this.token.royaltyInfo(this.tokenId2, this.salePrice);
 
       // must be different even at the same this.salePrice
-      expect(token1Info[1]).to.not.be.equal(token2Info.royaltyFraction);
+      expect(token1Info[1]).to.not.be.bignumber.equal(token2Info[1]);
     });
 
     it('reverts if invalid parameters', async function () {