diff --git a/qiskit/circuit/quantumcircuit.py b/qiskit/circuit/quantumcircuit.py
index 0b492801bef8..4ddae549699e 100644
--- a/qiskit/circuit/quantumcircuit.py
+++ b/qiskit/circuit/quantumcircuit.py
@@ -2147,6 +2147,8 @@ def copy_empty_like(self, name: str | None = None) -> "QuantumCircuit":
 
         cpy._calibrations = copy.deepcopy(self._calibrations)
         cpy._metadata = copy.deepcopy(self._metadata)
+        # Invalidate parameters caching.
+        cpy._parameters = None
 
         if name:
             cpy.name = name
diff --git a/releasenotes/notes/fix-parameter-cache-05eac2f24477ccb8.yaml b/releasenotes/notes/fix-parameter-cache-05eac2f24477ccb8.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..05ac759569f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/releasenotes/notes/fix-parameter-cache-05eac2f24477ccb8.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+fixes:
+  - |
+    The :attr:`.QuantumCircuit.parameters` attribute will now correctly be empty
+    when using :meth:`.QuantumCircuit.copy_empty_like` on a parametric circuit.
+    Previously, an internal cache would be copied over without invalidation.
+    Fix `#12617 <https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/issues/12617>`__.
diff --git a/test/python/circuit/test_parameters.py b/test/python/circuit/test_parameters.py
index 80c26b5b5c0a..4aff0c9de8da 100644
--- a/test/python/circuit/test_parameters.py
+++ b/test/python/circuit/test_parameters.py
@@ -176,6 +176,29 @@ def test_get_parameters_by_index(self):
         for i, vi in enumerate(v):
             self.assertEqual(vi, qc.parameters[i])
 
+    def test_parameters_property_independent_after_copy(self):
+        """Test that any `parameters` property caching is invalidated after a copy operation."""
+        a = Parameter("a")
+        b = Parameter("b")
+        c = Parameter("c")
+
+        qc1 = QuantumCircuit(1)
+        qc1.rz(a, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(set(qc1.parameters), {a})
+
+        qc2 = qc1.copy_empty_like()
+        self.assertEqual(set(qc2.parameters), set())
+
+        qc3 = qc1.copy()
+        self.assertEqual(set(qc3.parameters), {a})
+        qc3.rz(b, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(set(qc3.parameters), {a, b})
+        self.assertEqual(set(qc1.parameters), {a})
+
+        qc1.rz(c, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(set(qc1.parameters), {a, c})
+        self.assertEqual(set(qc3.parameters), {a, b})
+
     def test_bind_parameters_anonymously(self):
         """Test setting parameters by insertion order anonymously"""
         phase = Parameter("phase")