diff --git a/.github/workflows/continuous-integration.yml b/.github/workflows/continuous-integration.yml
index 4bd5898c5..f650e6c4d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/continuous-integration.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/continuous-integration.yml
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu, windows]
         # Don't forget to add all new flavors to this list!
-        flavor: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]
+        flavor: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]
         include:
           # Node 12.15
           # TODO Add comments about why we test 12.15; I think git blame says it's because of an ESM behavioral change that happened at 12.16
@@ -119,8 +119,15 @@ jobs:
             typescript: next
             typescriptFlag: next
             downgradeNpm: true
-          # Node nightly
+          # Node 17
           - flavor: 12
+            node: 17
+            nodeFlag: 17
+            typescript: latest
+            typescriptFlag: latest
+            downgradeNpm: true
+          # Node nightly
+          - flavor: 13
             node: nightly
             nodeFlag: nightly
             typescript: latest
diff --git a/dist-raw/node-options.js b/dist-raw/node-options.js
index 0602a4769..22722755d 100644
--- a/dist-raw/node-options.js
+++ b/dist-raw/node-options.js
@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@ function parseArgv(argv) {
     '--es-module-specifier-resolution': '--experimental-specifier-resolution',
     '--experimental-policy': String,
     '--conditions': [String],
-    '--pending-deprecation': Boolean
+    '--pending-deprecation': Boolean,
+    '--experimental-json-modules': Boolean,
+    '--experimental-wasm-modules': Boolean,
   }, {
     argv,
     permissive: true
diff --git a/src/esm.ts b/src/esm.ts
index c83fd22c4..48dd13f1d 100644
--- a/src/esm.ts
+++ b/src/esm.ts
@@ -62,12 +62,19 @@ export interface NodeLoaderHooksAPI2 {
 export namespace NodeLoaderHooksAPI2 {
   export type ResolveHook = (
     specifier: string,
-    context: { parentURL: string },
+    context: {
+      conditions?: NodeImportConditions;
+      importAssertions?: NodeImportAssertions;
+      parentURL: string;
+    },
     defaultResolve: ResolveHook
   ) => Promise<{ url: string }>;
   export type LoadHook = (
     url: string,
-    context: { format: NodeLoaderHooksFormat | null | undefined },
+    context: {
+      format: NodeLoaderHooksFormat | null | undefined;
+      importAssertions?: NodeImportAssertions;
+    },
     defaultLoad: NodeLoaderHooksAPI2['load']
   ) => Promise<{
     format: NodeLoaderHooksFormat;
@@ -83,6 +90,11 @@ export type NodeLoaderHooksFormat =
   | 'module'
   | 'wasm';
 
+export type NodeImportConditions = unknown;
+export interface NodeImportAssertions {
+  type?: 'json';
+}
+
 /** @internal */
 export function registerAndCreateEsmHooks(opts?: RegisterOptions) {
   // Automatically performs registration just like `-r ts-node/register`
@@ -159,7 +171,10 @@ export function createEsmHooks(tsNodeService: Service) {
   // `load` from new loader hook API (See description at the top of this file)
   async function load(
     url: string,
-    context: { format: NodeLoaderHooksFormat | null | undefined },
+    context: {
+      format: NodeLoaderHooksFormat | null | undefined;
+      importAssertions?: NodeImportAssertions;
+    },
     defaultLoad: typeof load
   ): Promise<{
     format: NodeLoaderHooksFormat;
@@ -176,7 +191,10 @@ export function createEsmHooks(tsNodeService: Service) {
       // Call the new defaultLoad() to get the source
       const { source: rawSource } = await defaultLoad(
         url,
-        { format },
+        {
+          ...context,
+          format,
+        },
         defaultLoad
       );
 
diff --git a/src/test/esm-loader.spec.ts b/src/test/esm-loader.spec.ts
index 6c3c1c51a..0de0482c0 100644
--- a/src/test/esm-loader.spec.ts
+++ b/src/test/esm-loader.spec.ts
@@ -5,17 +5,19 @@
 import { context } from './testlib';
 import semver = require('semver');
 import {
+  CMD_ESM_LOADER_WITHOUT_PROJECT,
   contextTsNodeUnderTest,
   EXPERIMENTAL_MODULES_FLAG,
   resetNodeEnvironment,
   TEST_DIR,
 } from './helpers';
 import { createExec } from './exec-helpers';
-import { join } from 'path';
+import { join, resolve } from 'path';
 import * as expect from 'expect';
 import type { NodeLoaderHooksAPI2 } from '../';
 
 const nodeUsesNewHooksApi = semver.gte(process.version, '16.12.0');
+const nodeSupportsImportAssertions = semver.gte(process.version, '17.1.0');
 
 const test = context(contextTsNodeUnderTest);
 
@@ -71,3 +73,55 @@ test.suite('hooks', (_test) => {
     });
   }
 });
+
+if (nodeSupportsImportAssertions) {
+  test.suite('Supports import assertions', (test) => {
+    test('Can import JSON using the appropriate flag and assertion', async (t) => {
+      const { err, stdout } = await exec(
+        `${CMD_ESM_LOADER_WITHOUT_PROJECT} --experimental-json-modules ./importJson.ts`,
+        {
+          cwd: resolve(TEST_DIR, 'esm-import-assertions'),
+        }
+      );
+      expect(err).toBe(null);
+      expect(stdout.trim()).toBe(
+        'A fuchsia car has 2 seats and the doors are open.\nDone!'
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  test.suite("Catch unexpected changes to node's loader context", (test) => {
+    /*
+     * This does not test ts-node.
+     * Rather, it is meant to alert us to potentially breaking changes in node's
+     * loader API.  If node starts returning more or less properties on `context`
+     * objects, we want to know, because it may indicate that our loader code
+     * should be updated to accomodate the new properties, either by proxying them,
+     * modifying them, or suppressing them.
+     */
+    test('Ensure context passed to loader by node has only expected properties', async (t) => {
+      const { stdout, stderr } = await exec(
+        `node --loader ./esm-loader-context/loader.mjs --experimental-json-modules ./esm-loader-context/index.mjs`
+      );
+      const rows = stdout.split('\n').filter((v) => v[0] === '{');
+      expect(rows.length).toBe(14);
+      rows.forEach((row) => {
+        const json = JSON.parse(row) as {
+          resolveContextKeys?: string[];
+          loadContextKeys?: string;
+        };
+        if (json.resolveContextKeys) {
+          expect(json.resolveContextKeys).toEqual([
+            'conditions',
+            'importAssertions',
+            'parentURL',
+          ]);
+        } else if (json.loadContextKeys) {
+          expect(json.loadContextKeys).toEqual(['format', 'importAssertions']);
+        } else {
+          throw new Error('Unexpected stdout in test.');
+        }
+      });
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/tests/esm-import-assertions/car.json b/tests/esm-import-assertions/car.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a63dfe91d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/esm-import-assertions/car.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "color": "fuchsia",
+  "doors": "open",
+  "seats": 2
+}
diff --git a/tests/esm-import-assertions/importJson.ts b/tests/esm-import-assertions/importJson.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b4446aa71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/esm-import-assertions/importJson.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import carData from './car.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+
+if (carData.color !== 'fuchsia') throw new Error('failed to import json');
+
+const { default: dynamicCarData } = await import('./car.json', {
+  assert: { type: 'json' },
+});
+
+if (dynamicCarData.doors !== 'open')
+  throw new Error('failed to dynamically import json');
+
+console.log(
+  `A ${carData.color} car has ${carData.seats} seats and the doors are ${dynamicCarData.doors}.`
+);
+
+// Test that omitting the assertion causes node to throw an error
+await import('./car.json').then(
+  () => {
+    throw new Error('should have thrown');
+  },
+  (error: any) => {
+    if (error.code !== 'ERR_IMPORT_ASSERTION_TYPE_MISSING') {
+      throw error;
+    }
+    /* error is expected */
+  }
+);
+console.log('Done!');
diff --git a/tests/esm-import-assertions/package.json b/tests/esm-import-assertions/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3dbc1ca59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/esm-import-assertions/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "type": "module"
+}
diff --git a/tests/esm-import-assertions/tsconfig.json b/tests/esm-import-assertions/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d626b9278
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/esm-import-assertions/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "module": "ESNext",
+    "target": "ESNext",
+    "resolveJsonModule": true,
+    "allowJs": true,
+    "moduleResolution": "node",
+    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true
+  }
+}
diff --git a/tests/esm-loader-context/index.mjs b/tests/esm-loader-context/index.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3def33246
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/esm-loader-context/index.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import * as moduleA from './moduleA.mjs';
+import * as moduleB from './moduleB.mjs' assert { foo: 'bar' };
+import * as jsonModule from './jsonModuleA.json' assert { type: 'json' };
+
+await import('./moduleC.mjs');
+await import('./moduleD.mjs', { foo: 'bar' });
+await import('./jsonModuleB.json', { assert: { type: 'json' } });
diff --git a/tests/esm-loader-context/jsonModuleA.json b/tests/esm-loader-context/jsonModuleA.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0967ef424
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/esm-loader-context/jsonModuleA.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{}
diff --git a/tests/esm-loader-context/jsonModuleB.json b/tests/esm-loader-context/jsonModuleB.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0967ef424
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/esm-loader-context/jsonModuleB.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{}
diff --git a/tests/esm-loader-context/loader.mjs b/tests/esm-loader-context/loader.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d500b5a79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/esm-loader-context/loader.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+export function resolve(specifier, context, defaultResolve) {
+  console.log(JSON.stringify({ resolveContextKeys: Object.keys(context) }));
+  return defaultResolve(specifier, context);
+}
+export function load(url, context, defaultLoad) {
+  console.log(JSON.stringify({ loadContextKeys: Object.keys(context) }));
+  return defaultLoad(url, context);
+}
diff --git a/tests/esm-loader-context/moduleA.mjs b/tests/esm-loader-context/moduleA.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/tests/esm-loader-context/moduleB.mjs b/tests/esm-loader-context/moduleB.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/tests/esm-loader-context/moduleC.mjs b/tests/esm-loader-context/moduleC.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/tests/esm-loader-context/moduleD.mjs b/tests/esm-loader-context/moduleD.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb