diff --git a/src/wp-includes/global-styles-and-settings.php b/src/wp-includes/global-styles-and-settings.php
index 5836bf15fadcc..8195aaaa34b2a 100644
--- a/src/wp-includes/global-styles-and-settings.php
+++ b/src/wp-includes/global-styles-and-settings.php
@@ -233,17 +233,17 @@ function wp_get_global_stylesheet( $types = array() ) {
  * @return string
  */
 function wp_get_global_styles_svg_filters() {
-	// Return cached value if it can be used and exists.
-	// It's cached by theme to make sure that theme switching clears the cache.
-	$can_use_cached = (
-		( ! defined( 'WP_DEBUG' ) || ! WP_DEBUG ) &&
-		( ! defined( 'SCRIPT_DEBUG' ) || ! SCRIPT_DEBUG ) &&
-		( ! defined( 'REST_REQUEST' ) || ! REST_REQUEST ) &&
-		! is_admin()
-	);
-	$transient_name = 'global_styles_svg_filters_' . get_stylesheet();
+	/*
+	 * Ignore cache when `WP_DEBUG` is enabled, so it doesn't interfere with the theme
+	 * developer's workflow.
+	 *
+	 * @todo Replace `WP_DEBUG` once an "in development mode" check is available in Core.
+	 */
+	$can_use_cached = ! WP_DEBUG;
+	$cache_group    = 'theme_json';
+	$cache_key      = 'wp_get_global_styles_svg_filters';
 	if ( $can_use_cached ) {
-		$cached = get_transient( $transient_name );
+		$cached = wp_cache_get( $cache_key, $cache_group );
 		if ( $cached ) {
 			return $cached;
 		}
@@ -260,8 +260,7 @@ function wp_get_global_styles_svg_filters() {
 	$svgs = $tree->get_svg_filters( $origins );
 
 	if ( $can_use_cached ) {
-		// Cache for a minute, same as wp_get_global_stylesheet.
-		set_transient( $transient_name, $svgs, MINUTE_IN_SECONDS );
+		wp_cache_set( $cache_key, $svgs, $cache_group );
 	}
 
 	return $svgs;
@@ -367,6 +366,7 @@ function wp_theme_has_theme_json() {
  */
 function wp_clean_theme_json_cache() {
 	wp_cache_delete( 'wp_get_global_stylesheet', 'theme_json' );
+	wp_cache_delete( 'wp_get_global_styles_svg_filters', 'theme_json' );
 	wp_cache_delete( 'wp_get_global_settings_custom', 'theme_json' );
 	wp_cache_delete( 'wp_get_global_settings_theme', 'theme_json' );
 	WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::clean_cached_data();
diff --git a/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpGetGlobalStylesSvgFilters.php b/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpGetGlobalStylesSvgFilters.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..b1d23efb4d34e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpGetGlobalStylesSvgFilters.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Tests wp_get_global_styles_svg_filters().
+ *
+ * @group themes
+ */
+class Tests_Theme_wpGetGlobalStylesSvgFilters extends WP_UnitTestCase {
+	public function set_up() {
+		parent::set_up();
+		// Clear caches.
+		wp_clean_themes_cache();
+	}
+
+	public function tear_down() {
+		wp_clean_themes_cache();
+
+		parent::tear_down();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Tests that switching themes recalculates the svgs.
+	 *
+	 * @covers ::wp_get_global_styles_svg_filters
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 57568
+	 */
+	public function test_switching_themes_should_recalculate_svg() {
+		$svg_for_default_theme = wp_get_global_styles_svg_filters();
+		switch_theme( 'block-theme' );
+		$svg_for_block_theme = wp_get_global_styles_svg_filters();
+		switch_theme( WP_DEFAULT_THEME );
+
+		$this->assertStringContainsString( '<svg', $svg_for_default_theme, 'Default theme should contain SVG' );
+		$this->assertStringContainsString( '<svg', $svg_for_default_theme, 'Block theme should contain SVG' );
+		$this->assertNotSame( $svg_for_default_theme, $svg_for_block_theme, 'Cache value should have changed' );
+	}
+}