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This is a collection of code snippets

Installing Oh-My-Zsh

sudo apt-get install zsh
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
chsh -s /bin/zsh

Installing a .deb file via terminal

sudo dpkg -i path/to/the/file

Install node js

sudo apt-get install nodejs-legacy
sudo apt-get install npm

Uninstalling a package

This removes all but config files

sudo apt-get remove <package-name>

This removes everything

sudo apt-get purge <package-name>

Getting started with vue.js

Using the CDN

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.13/dist/vue.js"></script>

Start your first react app

npm install create-react-app
create-react-app app-name
cd app-name
npm start

Setup mongodb on ubuntu

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv EA312927

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu "$(lsb_release -sc)"/mongodb-org/3.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.2.list

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

We have to create a new mongodb systemd service file in the /lib/systemd/system directory. Go to that directory and create the new mongodb service file mongod.service with nano.

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/mongodb.service

Paste the script below

    [Unit]
    Description=High-performance, schema-free document-oriented database
    After=network.target

    [Service]
    User=mongodb
    ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongod --quiet --config /etc/mongod.conf

    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

Now update the systemd service and start mongodb:

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mongod
systemctl enable mongod

Setting up nginx

sudo apt-get install nginx nginx-full nginx-common

then reboot system Check the firewall and allow nginx HTTP

sudo ufw app list
sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'
sudo ufw status

If ufw is inactive enable it

sudo ufw enable

Whenever you create a new server, just add them into the conf.d directory /etc/nginx/conf.d/

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/myWebsite.d

Put a specific server config in that file

server {
    listen 8080;
    server_name localhost;
    location / {
        root    /path/to/the/folder/;
        index   index.html index.htm;
    }

    #redirect server error pages to the static pages /50x.html
    error_page 500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html{
        root html;
    }
}

Setting up ruby on rails

Install rvm and ruby first

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:rael-gc/rvm
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rvm
rvm install ruby

Install rails using gem

gem install rails

Create an app

rails new <app-name>

Deploying a python telegram bot in heroku

https://hackernoon.com/how-to-create-and-deploy-a-telegram-bot-2addd8aec6b4 this is a very nice article about deployment

navigate to the project folder

pip freeze > requirements.txt

now create a Procfile ( but for windows it is Procfile.windows) it should contain

web: python my_bot_name.py

Also add an init.py to the project folder. It can be empty Push the project to a git repository Install Heroku CLI

npm install heroku -g

To verify the installation, try heroku --version Create an account in heroku.com Now follow these steps

heroku login
heroku create
git push heroku master
heroku ps:scale web=1
heroku open

Now your project runs on heroku server To check the logs

heroku logs --trail

port forwarding using nginx

Create a new config file inside /etc/nginx/sites-available/ if the name of th config file is app Then the config file will be /etc/nginx/sites-available/app

server{
    listen 80;
    server_name domain.com
    location / {
        proxy_pass "http://0.0.0.0:8080"
    }
}

Also create a soft link to /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ like:

sudo ln /etc/nginx/sites-available/app /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/app

Delete any unwanted files inside the sites-available and sites-enabled folders

If you want to use the forwarded hostname as the proxy header Add this inside the location / { .... }

proxy_redirect http://kutt.com/ http://0.0.0.0:8090;
proxy_set_header Host $host;

Backup and Restore postgres database

Backup

pg_dump <db-name> > output-file.bak

If it is from docker container

sudo docker container ls    // to get container id
sudo docker exec -it <container-id> pg_dump -U <db-user> <db-name> > bkup.bak

Restore

Drop the database if it exists and create a new one

psql <db-name> < output-file.bak

It may cause errors like ProgrammingError: permission denied for relation django_migrations

Try this

psql mydatabase -c "GRANT ALL ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public to dbuser;"
psql mydatabase -c "GRANT ALL ON ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA public to dbuser;"
psql mydatabase -c "GRANT ALL ON ALL FUNCTIONS IN SCHEMA public to dbuser;"

Setting up OpenCV in Ubuntu 18.04 ( For C++ )

One of the best documentation for opencv installation goes here: ( It takes several minutes to make and install ).

While installing, keep in mind that, you have to install it globally instead of installing it in any particular folder

https://docs.opencv.org/2.4/doc/tutorials/introduction/linux_install/linux_install.html

After installing that you will be able to include the header file opencv2/opencv.hpp

If you are facing any issues in importing them, try finding the path in which opencv is installed if it is in /usr/local/include/opencv4/

Then export the CPATH

export CPATH=/usr/local/include/opencv4/

Now the issue will be solved

Installing graphics.h in Ubuntu 18.04

sudo apt-get install build-essential

sudo apt-get install libsdl-image1.2 libsdl-image1.2-dev guile-2.0 \
guile-2.0-dev libsdl1.2debian libart-2.0-dev libaudiofile-dev \
libesd0-dev libdirectfb-dev libdirectfb-extra libfreetype6-dev \
libxext-dev x11proto-xext-dev libfreetype6 libaa1 libaa1-dev \
libslang2-dev libasound2 libasound2-dev

Download libgraph file from this link http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/libgraph/libgraph-1.0.2.tar.gz

Extract it and cd into it

./configure
make
sudo make install
sudo cp /usr/local/lib/libgraph.* /usr/lib

Now you will be able to use graphics.h library

But still might be getting error while using methods like initgraph(), etc. For that you have to include the header file while compiling also Like:

g++ filename.cpp -lgraph

Now you will be able to Use all those methods. There is a chance for unexpected abortion of the process, while running some programs. If you find any, raise an issue, along with the code and the obtained output :)

Setup Supervisor and Deploy django server

sudo apt-get install supervisor
sudo service supervisor restart

Now check where the configuration file is to be added Open the config file of supervisor at /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf Look for a line like:

[include]
files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf

It means all the .conf files inside that folder will be considered by supervisor.

Now add a new config file in that, for the new server

sudo nano /etc/supervisor/conf.d/project-name.conf

And in that file

[program:projectname]
command=/home/ubuntu/myprojenv/bin/gunicorn --workers 3 --bind 0.0.0.0:8001 myproject.wsgi
directory=/home/ubuntu/myproject
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stderr_logfile=/var/log/projectname.err.log
stdout_logfile=/var/log/projectname.out.log

This will create a new gunicorn process which runs the wsgi on 80001 port

Check the specified log files if required

The projectname specified will be used for further usages like starting, stopping or restarting the process.

After creating this file,bring these changes into effect:

sudo supervisorctl reread
sudo supervisorctl update

For verifying whether everything is fine:

ps ax | grep gunicorn

There might be several processes running, or go to 0.0.0.0:8001

You can also try

sudo supervisorctl status myproject

All set!!!

Now you can use

sudo supervisorctl start projectname
sudo supervisorctl stop projectname
sudo supervisorctl restart projectname

for managing the process

Installing CARLA

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wget software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
wget -O - https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key|sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-add-repository "deb http://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-7 main"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential clang-7 lld-7 g++-7 cmake ninja-build libvulkan1 python python-pip python-dev python3-dev python3-pip libpng16-dev libtiff5-dev libjpeg-dev tzdata sed curl unzip autoconf libtool rsync
pip2 install --user setuptools
pip3 install --user setuptools

For Ubuntu 18.04, change libpng16-dev to libpng-dev from the previous example.

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/clang++ clang++ /usr/lib/llvm-7/bin/clang++ 170
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/clang clang /usr/lib/llvm-7/bin/clang 170

Build Unreal Engine

Unreal Engine repositories are set to private. In order to gain access you need to add your GitHub username when you sign up at www.unrealengine.com. Download and compile Unreal Engine 4.22. Here we will assume you install it at ~/UnrealEngine_4.22, but you can install it anywhere, just replace the path where necessary.

git clone --depth=1 -b 4.22 https://github.com/EpicGames/UnrealEngine.git ~/UnrealEngine_4.22
cd ~/UnrealEngine_4.22
./Setup.sh && ./GenerateProjectFiles.sh && make

Build CARLA

git clone https://github.com/carla-simulator/carla

Now you need to download the assets package,(note that this package is >3GB) Optionally you can download aria2 (with sudo apt-get install aria2) so the following command will take advantage of it and will run quite faster.

./Update.sh

For CARLA to find your Unreal Engine's installation folder you need to set the following environment variable

export UE4_ROOT=~/UnrealEngine_4.22

Now that the environment is set up, you can use make to run different commands and build the different modules

make launch     # Compiles the simulator and launches Unreal Engine's Editor.
make PythonAPI  # Compiles the PythonAPI module necessary for running the Python examples.
make package    # Compiles everything and creates a packaged version able to run without UE4 editor.
make help       # Print all available commands.

For more info: https://carla.readthedocs.io/en/latest/how_to_build_on_linux/

Deploying Node JS appication using systemd

Create a systemd service file

sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/hello_env.service

It should contain the following lines:

[Unit]
Description=hello_env.js - making your environment variables rad
Documentation=https://example.com
After=network.target

[Service]
Environment=NODE_PORT=3001
Type=simple
User=ubuntu
ExecStart=/usr/bin/node /home/ubuntu/server.js
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

For more information about what these lines really mean, follow https://nodesource.com/blog/running-your-node-js-app-with-systemd-part-1/

Since we have changed the service files of systemd, we have to reload the daemon.

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Now, for starting the service we added,

sudo systemctl start hello_env

Just like any other services,

sudo systemctl status hello_env   # for getting the status
sudo systemctl stop hello_env     # stop the service
sudo systemctl restart hello_env  # restart the service
sudo systemctl enable hello_env   # wont start immediately but will start once the system boots
sudo systemctl disable hell_env   # similar to enable

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