Support nodejs debug build

[wemeetagain]

Description:
Support using a debug and asan build of nodejs thru this action.
See https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/main/BUILDING.md#building-a-debug-build and https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/main/BUILDING.md#building-an-asan-build

Justification:
Especially when dealing with packages using native code, debugging a bug in a nodejs application can require inspecting native stack traces and having better debuggability at the native layer.

Example usecase:

• You run your unit tests in CI, you start semi-consistently getting segfaults. (eg: https://github.com/ChainSafe/lodestar/actions/runs/6811279841/job/18521433662#step:6:1598)
• You now use use the debug build of nodejs to help debug the segfault

Are you willing to submit a PR?
Possibly? If a maintainer can help point out what to do at a high level, I'm willing to spend a few hours.

[nikolai-laevskii]

Thank you for submitting a feature request! We will investigate feasibility and details of implementation and come back to you with the feedback!