Installing a distro for ARM. The distro is CRUX, the target is an Odroid C2. The device will appears as "/dev/mmcblk0" (with "/dev/mmcblk0p1" and "/dev/mmcblk0p2" as the partitions) in the target machine, but it can be seen as "/dev/sdX" in your x86 computer. The unpacking tool is provided by Atool.
- CROSS COMPILATION TOOLS
- PARTITIONING
- MOUNTING
- ROOT PARTITION
- BOOT PARTITION
- COMPILING KERNEL
- BOOTLOADER
Installing GCC cross compilation tools (for the X86 machine, not target ARM). Includes binutils.
- OPTION 1: Proportioned by Linaro
wget -c https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/latest/aarch64-linux-gnu/gcc-linaro-7.3.1-2018.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz
aunpack gcc-linaro-7.3.1-2018.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz
- OPTION 2: From repository (Devuan example)
sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-none-eabi
NOTE: Check your tools are up-to-date to prevent errors like the lack of option "-mgeneral-regs-only".
Name of "CROSS_COMPILE" variable will change depending on the choosen option. This guide assumes cross-compilation tools are from Linaro and therefore will equal to "CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-"
- Clear the section for the bootloader
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=1M count=8
- Enter fdisk
fdisk /dev/sdX
- Help
m
- Create new MBR partition table
o
- Create boot partition
n
- Make primary partition
p
- Choose partition number
1
- Assign start of boot partition at the end of the bootloader space
3073
- Assign end of boot partition
+128M
- Create root partition
n
- Make primary partition
p
- Choose partition number
2
- Assign start of root partition at the end of the boot partition
134220802
- Assign end of root partition (the rest of the drive by default) by pressing ENTER
- Show the partitions
p
- If you agree save and exit
w
- If you disagree delete a partition and start from that partition
d
- or exit without saving
q
- Make root filesystem
mkfs.<ROOT_FILESYSTEM> /dev/sdX2
- Make boot filesystem according to supported bootloader (only "mkfs.vfat")
mkfs.<BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> /dev/sdX1
- Mount root filesystem
mount /dev/sdX2 /mnt
- Create boot directory
mkdir /mnt/boot
- Mount boot filesystem
mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/boot
Can be the rest of the disk.
- Go to root directory
cd /mnt/
- Download CRUX image
wget -c http://resources.crux-arm.nu/files/devel-test/3.3/crux-arm-rootfs-3.3-64b-RC2.tar.xz
- Extract CRUX image to root directory
aunpack crux-arm-rootfs-3.3-64b-RC2.tar.xz --extract-to=/mnt
- Change network interface with the rules you want (IP, gateway, domain, etc).
elvis /etc/rc.d/net
- On the "/etc/resolv.conf.head" file set your preferred DNS provider (this example is from OpenNIC).
nameserver 185.121.177.177
- Change the "/etc/fstab" file with appropriate filesystems.
/dev/sda1 /boot <BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> defaults 0 1
/dev/sda2 / <ROOT_FILESYSTEM> errors=remount-ro,noatime 0 1
- Uncomment the lines referring to "devpts", "tmp", and "shm" as some programs require it (Firefox), also "USB" and or "cdrom" if using those.
- Change the font, keyboard, timezone, hostname and services on the "/etc/rc.conf" file.
ls /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/
Must be FAT32 and 64 MB minimum.
-
Clone kernel repo to destination "odroidc2-kernel-folder"
git clone --depth 1 --single-branch https://github.com/hardkernel/linux.git --branch odroidc2-v3.16.y odroidc2-kernel-folder
-
Enter destination folder
cd odroidc2-kernel-folder
-
OPTION 1: Make kernel config (oneliner)
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- odroidc2_defconfig
-
OPTION 2: Make kernel config
export ARCH=arm64
export CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-
make odroidc2_defconfig
- Refine configuration
make menuconfig
- Compiling the devicetree blobs
make -j $(nproc) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- INSTALL_DTBS_PATH=/mnt/boot/dtbs/ dtbs
- Compiling the kernel
make -j $(nproc) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- INSTALL_PATH=/mnt/boot/ Image
- Compiling the modules
make -j $(nproc) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/mnt/ modules
- Installing the kernel to destination "/mnt/boot/Image"
cp arch/arm64/boot/Image /mnt/boot/
- Creating the devicetree directory
mkdir /mnt/boot/dtbs/
- Installing the devicetree blobs to destination "/mnt/boot/dtbs/meson64_odroidc2.dtb"
cp arch/arm64/boot/dts/meson64_odroidc2.dtb /mnt/boot/dtbs/
- Installing the modules to destination "INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/mnt/"
make -j $(nproc) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/mnt/ modules_install
- Compiling the firmware to destination "INSTALL_FW_PATH=/mnt/lib/firmware/"
make -j $(nproc) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- INSTALL_FW_PATH=/mnt/lib/firmware/ firmware_install
- Compiling the kernel C headers to destination "INSTALL_HDR_PATH=/mnt/usr/"
make -j $(nproc) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- INSTALL_HDR_PATH=/mnt/usr/ headers_install
Minimum 3072 bytes free at the start of the drive and before the boot partition.
- OPTION 1: Download and extract the binary
wget -c http://mirror.archlinuxarm.org/aarch64/alarm/uboot-odroid-c2-2015.01-17-aarch64.pkg.tar.xz
aunpack uboot-odroid-c2-2015.01-17-aarch64.pkg.tar.xz --extract-to=/mnt/boot
cd /mnt/boot
- OPTION 2: Compile the bootloader yourself
git clone https://github.com/hardkernel/u-boot.git -b odroidc2-v2015.01
cd u-boot
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=<LINARO_TOOLS_DIRECTORY>/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu- odroidc2_defconfig
make -j $(nproc)
cd boot
- Flash the bootloader
chmod +x sd_fusing.sh
./sd_fusing.sh /dev/sdX
- Notice the target is the device NOT a partition
- Set resolution by editing file root/boot/boot.ini
- Might want to comment out the display-autodetect option
And done. Next follow the distro tweaks: https://github.com/mayfrost/guides/blob/master/DISTROS.md Also check the list of software alternative to bloatware and support minimalism https://github.com/mayfrost/guides/blob/master/ALTERNATIVES.md