diff --git a/CHANGES.md b/CHANGES.md
index 170d8d08da74..37390abdfe29 100644
--- a/CHANGES.md
+++ b/CHANGES.md
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@
 ## Breaking Changes
 
 * X behavior was changed ([#X](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/X)).
+* Default consumer polling timeout for KafkaIO.Read was increased from 1 second to 2 seconds. Use KafkaIO.read().withConsumerPollingTimeout(Duration duration) to configure this timeout value when necessary ([#30870](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/30870)).
 
 ## Deprecations
 
diff --git a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIO.java b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIO.java
index 231a1b9e49e1..c56071e85adb 100644
--- a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIO.java
+++ b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIO.java
@@ -587,6 +587,7 @@ public static <K, V> Read<K, V> read() {
         .setCommitOffsetsInFinalizeEnabled(false)
         .setDynamicRead(false)
         .setTimestampPolicyFactory(TimestampPolicyFactory.withProcessingTime())
+        .setConsumerPollingTimeout(Duration.standardSeconds(2L))
         .build();
   }
 
@@ -706,6 +707,9 @@ public abstract static class Read<K, V>
     @Pure
     public abstract @Nullable ErrorHandler<BadRecord, ?> getBadRecordErrorHandler();
 
+    @Pure
+    public abstract @Nullable Duration getConsumerPollingTimeout();
+
     abstract Builder<K, V> toBuilder();
 
     @AutoValue.Builder
@@ -762,6 +766,8 @@ Builder<K, V> setCheckStopReadingFn(
         return setCheckStopReadingFn(CheckStopReadingFnWrapper.of(checkStopReadingFn));
       }
 
+      abstract Builder<K, V> setConsumerPollingTimeout(Duration consumerPollingTimeout);
+
       abstract Read<K, V> build();
 
       static <K, V> void setupExternalBuilder(
@@ -1334,6 +1340,17 @@ public Read<K, V> withBadRecordErrorHandler(ErrorHandler<BadRecord, ?> badRecord
       return toBuilder().setBadRecordErrorHandler(badRecordErrorHandler).build();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sets the timeout time for Kafka consumer polling request in the {@link ReadFromKafkaDoFn}.
+     * The default is 2 second.
+     */
+    public Read<K, V> withConsumerPollingTimeout(Duration duration) {
+      checkState(
+          duration == null || duration.compareTo(Duration.ZERO) > 0,
+          "Consumer polling timeout must be greater than 0.");
+      return toBuilder().setConsumerPollingTimeout(duration).build();
+    }
+
     /** Returns a {@link PTransform} for PCollection of {@link KV}, dropping Kafka metatdata. */
     public PTransform<PBegin, PCollection<KV<K, V>>> withoutMetadata() {
       return new TypedWithoutMetadata<>(this);
@@ -1596,7 +1613,8 @@ public PCollection<KafkaRecord<K, V>> expand(PBegin input) {
                 .withValueDeserializerProvider(kafkaRead.getValueDeserializerProvider())
                 .withManualWatermarkEstimator()
                 .withTimestampPolicyFactory(kafkaRead.getTimestampPolicyFactory())
-                .withCheckStopReadingFn(kafkaRead.getCheckStopReadingFn());
+                .withCheckStopReadingFn(kafkaRead.getCheckStopReadingFn())
+                .withConsumerPollingTimeout(kafkaRead.getConsumerPollingTimeout());
         if (kafkaRead.isCommitOffsetsInFinalizeEnabled()) {
           readTransform = readTransform.commitOffsets();
         }
@@ -2036,6 +2054,9 @@ public abstract static class ReadSourceDescriptors<K, V>
     @Pure
     abstract ErrorHandler<BadRecord, ?> getBadRecordErrorHandler();
 
+    @Pure
+    abstract @Nullable Duration getConsumerPollingTimeout();
+
     abstract boolean isBounded();
 
     abstract ReadSourceDescriptors.Builder<K, V> toBuilder();
@@ -2086,6 +2107,9 @@ abstract ReadSourceDescriptors.Builder<K, V> setBadRecordRouter(
       abstract ReadSourceDescriptors.Builder<K, V> setBadRecordErrorHandler(
           ErrorHandler<BadRecord, ?> badRecordErrorHandler);
 
+      abstract ReadSourceDescriptors.Builder<K, V> setConsumerPollingTimeout(
+          @Nullable Duration duration);
+
       abstract ReadSourceDescriptors.Builder<K, V> setBounded(boolean bounded);
 
       abstract ReadSourceDescriptors<K, V> build();
@@ -2099,6 +2123,7 @@ public static <K, V> ReadSourceDescriptors<K, V> read() {
           .setBounded(false)
           .setBadRecordRouter(BadRecordRouter.THROWING_ROUTER)
           .setBadRecordErrorHandler(new ErrorHandler.DefaultErrorHandler<>())
+          .setConsumerPollingTimeout(Duration.standardSeconds(2L))
           .build()
           .withProcessingTime()
           .withMonotonicallyIncreasingWatermarkEstimator();
@@ -2360,6 +2385,14 @@ public ReadSourceDescriptors<K, V> withBadRecordErrorHandler(
           .build();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sets the timeout time for Kafka consumer polling request in the {@link ReadFromKafkaDoFn}.
+     * The default is 2 second.
+     */
+    public ReadSourceDescriptors<K, V> withConsumerPollingTimeout(@Nullable Duration duration) {
+      return toBuilder().setConsumerPollingTimeout(duration).build();
+    }
+
     ReadAllFromRow<K, V> forExternalBuild() {
       return new ReadAllFromRow<>(this);
     }
diff --git a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIOReadImplementationCompatibility.java b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIOReadImplementationCompatibility.java
index a2cc9aaeb4d9..7e54407300d4 100644
--- a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIOReadImplementationCompatibility.java
+++ b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIOReadImplementationCompatibility.java
@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ Object getDefaultValue() {
     VALUE_DESERIALIZER_PROVIDER,
     CHECK_STOP_READING_FN(SDF),
     BAD_RECORD_ERROR_HANDLER(SDF),
+    CONSUMER_POLLING_TIMEOUT,
     ;
 
     @Nonnull private final ImmutableSet<KafkaIOReadImplementation> supportedImplementations;
diff --git a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/ReadFromKafkaDoFn.java b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/ReadFromKafkaDoFn.java
index 924833290f13..3a821ef9519e 100644
--- a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/ReadFromKafkaDoFn.java
+++ b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/ReadFromKafkaDoFn.java
@@ -191,6 +191,12 @@ private ReadFromKafkaDoFn(
     this.checkStopReadingFn = transform.getCheckStopReadingFn();
     this.badRecordRouter = transform.getBadRecordRouter();
     this.recordTag = recordTag;
+    if (transform.getConsumerPollingTimeout() != null) {
+      this.consumerPollingTimeout =
+          java.time.Duration.ofMillis(transform.getConsumerPollingTimeout().getMillis());
+    } else {
+      this.consumerPollingTimeout = KAFKA_POLL_TIMEOUT;
+    }
   }
 
   private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ReadFromKafkaDoFn.class);
@@ -217,8 +223,9 @@ private ReadFromKafkaDoFn(
 
   private transient @Nullable LoadingCache<TopicPartition, AverageRecordSize> avgRecordSize;
 
-  private static final java.time.Duration KAFKA_POLL_TIMEOUT = java.time.Duration.ofSeconds(1);
+  private static final java.time.Duration KAFKA_POLL_TIMEOUT = java.time.Duration.ofSeconds(2);
 
+  @VisibleForTesting final java.time.Duration consumerPollingTimeout;
   @VisibleForTesting final DeserializerProvider<K> keyDeserializerProvider;
   @VisibleForTesting final DeserializerProvider<V> valueDeserializerProvider;
   @VisibleForTesting final Map<String, Object> consumerConfig;
@@ -508,7 +515,7 @@ private ConsumerRecords<byte[], byte[]> poll(
     java.time.Duration elapsed = java.time.Duration.ZERO;
     while (true) {
       final ConsumerRecords<byte[], byte[]> rawRecords =
-          consumer.poll(KAFKA_POLL_TIMEOUT.minus(elapsed));
+          consumer.poll(consumerPollingTimeout.minus(elapsed));
       if (!rawRecords.isEmpty()) {
         // return as we have found some entries
         return rawRecords;
@@ -518,8 +525,11 @@ private ConsumerRecords<byte[], byte[]> poll(
         return rawRecords;
       }
       elapsed = sw.elapsed();
-      if (elapsed.toMillis() >= KAFKA_POLL_TIMEOUT.toMillis()) {
+      if (elapsed.toMillis() >= consumerPollingTimeout.toMillis()) {
         // timeout is over
+        LOG.warn(
+            "No messages retrieved with polling timeout {} seconds. Consider increasing the consumer polling timeout using withConsumerPollingTimeout method.",
+            consumerPollingTimeout.getSeconds());
         return rawRecords;
       }
     }
diff --git a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIOTest.java b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIOTest.java
index 9b15b86051f5..44c028f08a27 100644
--- a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIOTest.java
+++ b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/KafkaIOTest.java
@@ -2121,6 +2121,18 @@ public void testSinkMetrics() throws Exception {
     }
   }
 
+  @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+  public void testWithInvalidConsumerPollingTimeout() {
+    KafkaIO.<Integer, Long>read().withConsumerPollingTimeout(Duration.standardSeconds(-5));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testWithValidConsumerPollingTimeout() {
+    KafkaIO.Read<Integer, Long> reader =
+        KafkaIO.<Integer, Long>read().withConsumerPollingTimeout(Duration.standardSeconds(15));
+    assertEquals(15, reader.getConsumerPollingTimeout().getStandardSeconds());
+  }
+
   private static void verifyProducerRecords(
       MockProducer<Integer, Long> mockProducer,
       String topic,
diff --git a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/ReadFromKafkaDoFnTest.java b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/ReadFromKafkaDoFnTest.java
index 48b5b060a295..8902f22164bc 100644
--- a/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/ReadFromKafkaDoFnTest.java
+++ b/sdks/java/io/kafka/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/io/kafka/ReadFromKafkaDoFnTest.java
@@ -641,6 +641,20 @@ public void testUnbounded() {
     Assert.assertNotEquals(0, visitor.unboundedPCollections.size());
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void testConstructorWithPollTimeout() {
+    ReadSourceDescriptors<String, String> descriptors = makeReadSourceDescriptor(consumer);
+    // default poll timeout = 1 scond
+    ReadFromKafkaDoFn<String, String> dofnInstance = ReadFromKafkaDoFn.create(descriptors, RECORDS);
+    Assert.assertEquals(Duration.ofSeconds(2L), dofnInstance.consumerPollingTimeout);
+    // updated timeout = 5 seconds
+    descriptors =
+        descriptors.withConsumerPollingTimeout(org.joda.time.Duration.standardSeconds(5L));
+    ReadFromKafkaDoFn<String, String> dofnInstanceNew =
+        ReadFromKafkaDoFn.create(descriptors, RECORDS);
+    Assert.assertEquals(Duration.ofSeconds(5L), dofnInstanceNew.consumerPollingTimeout);
+  }
+
   private BoundednessVisitor testBoundedness(
       Function<ReadSourceDescriptors<String, String>, ReadSourceDescriptors<String, String>>
           readSourceDescriptorsDecorator) {