diff --git a/scripts/fuzz-parser/fuzz.py b/scripts/fuzz-parser/fuzz.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..d64aba8e327d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/fuzz-parser/fuzz.py
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+"""
+Run the parser on randomly generated (but syntactically valid) Python source-code files.
+
+To install all dependencies for this script into an environment using `uv`, run:
+    uv pip install -r scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.txt
+
+Example invocations of the script:
+- Run the fuzzer using seeds 0, 1, 2, 78 and 93 to generate the code:
+  `python scripts/fuzz-parser/fuzz.py 0-2 78 93`
+- Run the fuzzer concurrently using seeds in range 0-10 inclusive,
+  but only reporting bugs that are new on your branch:
+  `python scripts/fuzz-parser/fuzz.py 0-10 --new-bugs-only`
+- Run the fuzzer concurrently on 10,000 different Python source-code files,
+  and only print a summary at the end:
+  `python scripts/fuzz-parser/fuzz.py 1-10000 --quiet
+
+N.B. The script takes a few seconds to get started, as the script needs to compile
+your checked out version of ruff with `--release` as a first step before it
+can actually start fuzzing.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import concurrent.futures
+import subprocess
+from dataclasses import KW_ONLY, dataclass
+from typing import NewType
+
+from pysource_codegen import generate as generate_random_code
+from pysource_minimize import minimize as minimize_repro
+from termcolor import colored
+
+MinimizedSourceCode = NewType("MinimizedSourceCode", str)
+Seed = NewType("Seed", int)
+
+
+def run_ruff(executable_args: list[str], code: str) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[str]:
+    return subprocess.run(
+        [*executable_args, "check", "--select=E999", "--no-cache", "-"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        input=code,
+    )
+
+
+def contains_bug(code: str, *, only_new_bugs: bool = False) -> bool:
+    """Return True if the code triggers a parser error and False otherwise.
+
+    If `only_new_bugs` is set to `True`,
+    the function also runs an installed version of Ruff on the same source code,
+    and only returns `True` if the bug appears on the branch you have currently
+    checked out but *not* in the latest release.
+    """
+    new_result = run_ruff(["cargo", "run", "--release", "--"], code)
+    if not only_new_bugs:
+        return new_result.returncode != 0
+    if new_result.returncode == 0:
+        return False
+    old_result = run_ruff(["ruff"], code)
+    return old_result.returncode == 0
+
+
+@dataclass(slots=True)
+class FuzzResult:
+    # The seed used to generate the random Python file.
+    # The same seed always generates the same file.
+    seed: Seed
+    # If we found a bug, this will be the minimum Python code
+    # required to trigger the bug. If not, it will be `None`.
+    maybe_bug: MinimizedSourceCode | None
+
+    def print_description(self) -> None:
+        """Describe the results of fuzzing the parser with this seed."""
+        if self.maybe_bug:
+            print(colored(f"Ran fuzzer on seed {self.seed}", "red"))
+            print(colored("The following code triggers a bug:", "red"))
+            print()
+            print(self.maybe_bug)
+            print()
+        else:
+            print(colored(f"Ran fuzzer successfully on seed {self.seed}", "green"))
+
+
+def fuzz_code(seed: Seed, only_new_bugs: bool) -> FuzzResult:
+    """Return a `FuzzResult` instance describing the fuzzing result from this seed."""
+    code = generate_random_code(seed)
+    if contains_bug(code, only_new_bugs=only_new_bugs):
+        try:
+            new_code = minimize_repro(code, contains_bug)
+        except ValueError:
+            # `pysource_minimize.minimize()` sometimes raises `ValueError` internally.
+            # Just ignore it if so, and use the original generated code;
+            # minimizing the repro is a nice-to-have, but isn't crucial.
+            new_code = code
+        return FuzzResult(seed, MinimizedSourceCode(new_code))
+    return FuzzResult(seed, None)
+
+
+def run_fuzzer_concurrently(args: ResolvedCliArgs) -> list[FuzzResult]:
+    print(
+        f"Concurrently running the fuzzer on "
+        f"{len(args.seeds)} randomly generated source-code files..."
+    )
+    bugs: list[FuzzResult] = []
+    with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor() as executor:
+        fuzz_result_futures = [
+            executor.submit(fuzz_code, seed, args.only_new_bugs) for seed in args.seeds
+        ]
+        try:
+            for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(fuzz_result_futures):
+                fuzz_result = future.result()
+                if not args.quiet:
+                    fuzz_result.print_description()
+                if fuzz_result.maybe_bug:
+                    bugs.append(fuzz_result)
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            print("\nShutting down the ProcessPoolExecutor due to KeyboardInterrupt...")
+            print("(This might take a few seconds)")
+            executor.shutdown(cancel_futures=True)
+            raise
+    return bugs
+
+
+def run_fuzzer_sequentially(args: ResolvedCliArgs) -> list[FuzzResult]:
+    print(
+        f"Sequentially running the fuzzer on "
+        f"{len(args.seeds)} randomly generated source-code files..."
+    )
+    bugs: list[FuzzResult] = []
+    for seed in args.seeds:
+        fuzz_result = fuzz_code(seed, only_new_bugs=args.only_new_bugs)
+        if not args.quiet:
+            fuzz_result.print_description()
+        if fuzz_result.maybe_bug:
+            bugs.append(fuzz_result)
+    return bugs
+
+
+def main(args: ResolvedCliArgs) -> None:
+    if args.only_new_bugs:
+        ruff_version = (
+            subprocess.run(
+                ["ruff", "--version"], text=True, capture_output=True, check=True
+            )
+            .stdout.strip()
+            .split(" ")[1]
+        )
+        print(
+            f"As you have selected `--only-new-bugs`, "
+            f"bugs will only be reported if they appear on your current branch "
+            f"but do *not* appear in `ruff=={ruff_version}`"
+        )
+    if len(args.seeds) <= 5:
+        bugs = run_fuzzer_sequentially(args)
+    else:
+        bugs = run_fuzzer_concurrently(args)
+    noun_phrase = "New bugs" if args.only_new_bugs else "Bugs"
+    if bugs:
+        print(colored(f"{noun_phrase} found in the following seeds:", "red"))
+        print(*sorted(bug.seed for bug in bugs))
+    else:
+        print(colored(f"No {noun_phrase.lower()} found!", "green"))
+
+
+def parse_seed_argument(arg: str) -> int | range:
+    """Helper for argument parsing"""
+    if "-" in arg:
+        start, end = map(int, arg.split("-"))
+        if end <= start:
+            raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
+                f"Error when parsing seed argument {arg!r}: "
+                f"range end must be > range start"
+            )
+        seed_range = range(start, end + 1)
+        range_too_long = (
+            f"Error when parsing seed argument {arg!r}: "
+            f"maximum allowed range length is 1_000_000_000"
+        )
+        try:
+            if len(seed_range) > 1_000_000_000:
+                raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(range_too_long)
+        except OverflowError:
+            raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(range_too_long) from None
+        return range(int(start), int(end) + 1)
+    return int(arg)
+
+
+@dataclass(slots=True)
+class ResolvedCliArgs:
+    seeds: list[Seed]
+    _: KW_ONLY
+    only_new_bugs: bool
+    quiet: bool
+
+
+def parse_args() -> ResolvedCliArgs:
+    """Parse command-line arguments"""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description=__doc__, formatter_class=argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "seeds",
+        type=parse_seed_argument,
+        nargs="+",
+        help="Either a single seed, or an inclusive range of seeds in the format `0-5`",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--only-new-bugs",
+        action="store_true",
+        help=(
+            "Only report bugs if they exist on the current branch, "
+            "but *didn't* exist on the released version of Ruff "
+            "installed into the Python environment we're running in"
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--quiet",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Print fewer things to the terminal while running the fuzzer",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    seed_arguments: list[range | int] = args.seeds
+    seen_seeds: set[int] = set()
+    for arg in seed_arguments:
+        if isinstance(arg, int):
+            seen_seeds.add(arg)
+        else:
+            seen_seeds.update(arg)
+    return ResolvedCliArgs(
+        sorted(map(Seed, seen_seeds)),
+        only_new_bugs=args.only_new_bugs,
+        quiet=args.quiet,
+    )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    args = parse_args()
+    main(args)
diff --git a/scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.in b/scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..6582e77e4d0da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.in
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pysource-codegen
+pysource-minimize
+ruff
+termcolor
diff --git a/scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.txt b/scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..781d7d6dcc490
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+#    uv pip compile scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.in --output-file scripts/fuzz-parser/requirements.txt
+asttokens==2.4.1
+    # via pysource-minimize
+astunparse==1.6.3
+    # via pysource-minimize
+click==8.1.7
+    # via pysource-minimize
+markdown-it-py==3.0.0
+    # via rich
+mdurl==0.1.2
+    # via markdown-it-py
+pygments==2.17.2
+    # via rich
+pysource-codegen==0.5.1
+pysource-minimize==0.6.2
+rich==13.7.1
+    # via pysource-minimize
+ruff==0.4.0
+six==1.16.0
+    # via
+    #   asttokens
+    #   astunparse
+termcolor==2.4.0
+typing-extensions==4.11.0
+    # via pysource-codegen
+wheel==0.43.0
+    # via astunparse