diff --git a/src/call_stack.rs b/src/call_stack.rs
index 939bf6a1..a32ffec0 100644
--- a/src/call_stack.rs
+++ b/src/call_stack.rs
@@ -45,15 +45,13 @@ pub fn extend_call_stack(
   code: Calcit,
   args: &CalcitItems,
 ) -> CallStackList {
-  let mut s2 = stack.to_owned();
-  s2 = s2.push_front(CalcitStack {
+  stack.push_front(CalcitStack {
     ns: ns.to_owned(),
     def: def.to_owned(),
     code,
     args: args.to_owned(),
     kind,
-  });
-  s2
+  })
 }
 
 // show simplified version of stack
diff --git a/src/codegen/emit_js/gen_stack.rs b/src/codegen/emit_js/gen_stack.rs
index f2a73c9d..d48eda23 100644
--- a/src/codegen/emit_js/gen_stack.rs
+++ b/src/codegen/emit_js/gen_stack.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ lazy_static! {
 
 pub fn push_call_stack(ns: &str, def: &str, kind: StackKind, code: Calcit, args: &CalcitItems) {
   let mut stack = CALL_STACK.write().unwrap();
-  *stack = stack.push_front(CalcitStack {
+  stack.push_front_mut(CalcitStack {
     ns: ns.into(),
     def: def.into(),
     code,
diff --git a/src/runner.rs b/src/runner.rs
index 00f89e88..2ad9428d 100644
--- a/src/runner.rs
+++ b/src/runner.rs
@@ -301,14 +301,6 @@ pub fn bind_args(
   base_scope: &CalcitScope,
   call_stack: &CallStackList,
 ) -> Result<CalcitScope, CalcitErr> {
-  // TODO arguments spreading syntax
-  // if values.len() != args.len() {
-  //   return Err(CalcitErr::use_msg_stack(format!(
-  //     "arguments length mismatch: {} ... {}",
-  //     Calcit::List(values.to_owned()),
-  //     Calcit::List(args.to_owned()),
-  //   ), call_stack));
-  // }
   let mut scope = base_scope.to_owned();
   let mut spreading = false;
   let mut optional = false;