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Unsupervised Representation Learning By Context Prediction

Created by Carl Doersch (Carnegie Mellon / UC Berkeley)

Introduction

This code is designed to train a visual representation from a raw, unlabeled image collection. The resulting representation seems to be useful for standard vision tasks like object detection, surface normal estimation, and visual data mining.

This algorithm was originally described in Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning by Context Prediction, which was presented at ICCV 2015.

This code is significantly refactored from what was used to produce the results in the paper, and minor modifications have been made. While I do not expect these modifications to significantly impact results, I have not yet fully tested the new codebase, and will need a few more weeks to do so.
Qualitative behavior early in the training on appears to be equivalent, but you should still use this code with caution.

Citing this codebase

If you find this code useful, please consider citing:

@inproceedings{doersch2015unsupervised,
    Author = {Doersch, Carl and Gupta, Abhinav and Efros, Alexei A.},
    Title = {Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning by Context Prediction},
    Booktitle = {International Conference on Computer Vision ({ICCV})},
    Year = {2015}
}

Installation

  1. Clone the deepcontext repository
# Make sure to clone with --recursive
git clone --recursive https://github.com/cdoersch/deepcontext.git

  1. Build Caffe and pycaffe

    cd $DEEPCONTEXT_ROOT/caffe_ext
# Now follow the Caffe installation instructions here:
#   http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html

# If you're experienced with Caffe and have all of the requirements installed
# and your Makefile.config in place, then simply do:
make -j8 && make pycaffe

    External caffe installations should work as well, but need to be downloaded from Github later than November 22, 2015 to support all required features.

  2. Copy deepcontext_config.py.example to deepcontext_config.pyand edit it to supply your path to ImageNet, and provide an output directory that the code can use for temporary files, including snapshots.

Running

  1. Execute train.py inside python. This will begin an infinite training loop, which snapshots every 2000 iterations. The results in the paper used a model that trained for about 1M iterations.

    By the code will run on GPU 0; you can use the environment variable CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES to change the GPU.

    All testing was done with python 2.7. It is recommended that you run inside ipython using execfile('train.py').

  2. To stop the train.py script, create the file train_quit in the directory where you ran the code. This roundabout approach is required because the code starts background processes to load data, and it's difficult to guarantee that these background threads will be terminated if the code is interrupted via Ctrl+C.

    If train.py is re-started after it is quit, it will examine the output directory and attempt to continue from the snapshot with the higest iteration number.

  3. You can pause the training at any time by creating the file train_pause in the directory where you ran the code. This will let you use pycaffe to examine the network state. Re-run train.py to continue.

  4. For our experiments, we ran for 1.7M iterations. After this point, you can run debatchnorm.py on the output (you'll need your own copy of a caffenet with the groups removed). Once you've run it, then you have a model that can be fine-tuned. I recommend using our data-dependent initialization and calibration procedure [Krähenbühl et al.] before fine-tuning, as debatchnorm.py will lead to badly-scaled weights.
    The network trained using this procedure and fine-tuned with fast-rcnn on VOC2007 achieves 51.4% MAP.