rtsp.c

/*
 * RTSP protocol handler. This file is part of Shairport Sync
 * Copyright (c) James Laird 2013

 * Modifications associated with audio synchronization, multithreading and
 * metadata handling copyright (c) Mike Brady 2014-2022
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
 * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
 * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
 * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
 * copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
 * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
 * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
 * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
 * HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
 * WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
 * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <ifaddrs.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#include "activity_monitor.h"
#include "config.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_OPENSSL
#include <openssl/md5.h>
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MBEDTLS
#include <mbedtls/md5.h>
#include <mbedtls/version.h>
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_POLARSSL
#include <polarssl/md5.h>
#endif

#include "common.h"
#include "player.h"
#include "rtp.h"
#include "rtsp.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA_HUB
#include "metadata_hub.h"
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MQTT
#include "mqtt.h"
#endif

#ifdef AF_INET6
#define INETx_ADDRSTRLEN INET6_ADDRSTRLEN
#else
#define INETx_ADDRSTRLEN INET_ADDRSTRLEN
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
#include "pair_ap/pair.h"
#include "plist/plist.h"
#include "plist_xml_strings.h"
#include "ptp-utilities.h"
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_DBUS_INTERFACE
#include "dbus-service.h"
#endif

#include "mdns.h"

// mDNS advertisement strings

// Create these strings and then keep them updated.
// When necessary, update the mDNS service records, using e.g. Avahi
// from these sources.

char *txt_records[64];
char *secondary_txt_records[64];

char firmware_version[64];
char ap1_featuresString[64];
char pkString[128];
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
char deviceIdString[64];
char featuresString[64];
char statusflagsString[32];
char piString[128];
char gidString[128];
#endif

#define METADATA_SNDBUF (4 * 1024 * 1024)

enum rtsp_read_request_response {
  rtsp_read_request_response_ok,
  rtsp_read_request_response_immediate_shutdown_requested,
  rtsp_read_request_response_bad_packet,
  rtsp_read_request_response_channel_closed,
  rtsp_read_request_response_read_error,
  rtsp_read_request_response_error
};

rtsp_conn_info *playing_conn;
rtsp_conn_info **conns;

int metadata_running = 0;

// always lock this when accessing the playing conn value
pthread_mutex_t playing_conn_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

// always lock this when accessing the list of connection threads
pthread_mutex_t conns_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

// every time we want to retain or release a reference count, lock it with this
// if a reference count is read as zero, it means the it's being deallocated.
static pthread_mutex_t reference_counter_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

// only one thread is allowed to use the player at once.
// it monitors the request variable (at least when interrupted)
// static pthread_mutex_t playing_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
// static int please_shutdown = 0;
// static pthread_t playing_thread = 0;

int RTSP_connection_index = 1;

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
typedef struct {
  pthread_mutex_t pc_queue_lock;
  pthread_cond_t pc_queue_item_added_signal;
  pthread_cond_t pc_queue_item_removed_signal;
  char *name;
  size_t item_size;  // number of bytes in each item
  uint32_t count;    // number of items in the queue
  uint32_t capacity; // maximum number of items
  uint32_t toq;      // first item to take
  uint32_t eoq;      // free space at end of queue
  void *items;       // a pointer to where the items are actually stored
} pc_queue;          // producer-consumer queue
#endif

static int msg_indexes = 1;

typedef struct {
  int index_number;
  uint32_t referenceCount; // we might start using this...
  unsigned int nheaders;
  char *name[16];
  char *value[16];

  uint32_t contentlength;
  char *content;

  // for requests
  char method[16];
  char path[256];

  // for responses
  int respcode;
} rtsp_message;

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2

int add_pstring_to_malloc(const char *s, void **allocation, size_t *size) {
  int response = 0;
  void *p = *allocation;
  if (p == NULL) {
    p = malloc(strlen(s) + 1);
    if (p == NULL) {
      debug(1, "error allocating memory");
    } else {
      *allocation = p;
      *size = *size + strlen(s) + 1;
      uint8_t *b = (uint8_t *)p;
      *b = strlen(s);
      p = p + 1;
      memcpy(p, s, strlen(s));
      response = 1;
    }
  } else {
    p = realloc(p, *size + strlen(s) + 1);
    if (p == NULL) { // assuming we never allocate a zero byte space
      debug(1, "error reallocating memory");
    } else {
      *allocation = p;
      uint8_t *b = (uint8_t *)p + *size;
      *b = strlen(s);
      p = p + *size + 1;
      memcpy(p, s, strlen(s));
      *size = *size + strlen(s) + 1;
      response = 1;
    }
  }
  return response;
}

static void pkString_make(char *str, size_t str_size, const char *device_id) {
  uint8_t public_key[32];
  if (str_size < 2 * sizeof(public_key) + 1) {
    warn("Insufficient string size");
    str[0] = '\0';
    return;
  }
  pair_public_key_get(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, public_key, device_id);
  char *ptr = str;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(public_key); i++)
    ptr += sprintf(ptr, "%02x", public_key[i]);
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
void build_bonjour_strings(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
#else
void build_bonjour_strings(__attribute((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
#endif

  int entry_number = 0;

  // make up a firmware version
#ifdef CONFIG_USE_GIT_VERSION_STRING
  if (git_version_string[0] != '\0')
    snprintf(firmware_version, sizeof(firmware_version), "fv=%s", git_version_string);
  else
#endif
    snprintf(firmware_version, sizeof(firmware_version), "fv=%s", PACKAGE_VERSION);

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
  uint64_t features_hi = config.airplay_features;
  features_hi = (features_hi >> 32) & 0xffffffff;
  uint64_t features_lo = config.airplay_features;
  features_lo = features_lo & 0xffffffff;
  snprintf(ap1_featuresString, sizeof(ap1_featuresString), "ft=0x%" PRIX64 ",0x%" PRIX64 "",
           features_lo, features_hi);
  snprintf(pkString, sizeof(pkString), "pk=");
  pkString_make(pkString + strlen("pk="), sizeof(pkString) - strlen("pk="),
                config.airplay_device_id);

  txt_records[entry_number++] = "cn=0,1";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "da=true";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "et=0,4";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = ap1_featuresString;
  txt_records[entry_number++] = firmware_version;
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "md=2";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "am=Shairport Sync";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "sf=0x4";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "tp=UDP";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "vn=65537";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "vs=366.0";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = pkString;
  txt_records[entry_number++] = NULL;

#else
  // here, just replicate what happens in mdns.h when using those #defines
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "sf=0x4";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = firmware_version;
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "am=ShairportSync";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "vs=105.1";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "tp=TCP,UDP";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "vn=65537";
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
  if (config.get_coverart == 0)
    txt_records[entry_number++] = "md=0,2";
  else
    txt_records[entry_number++] = "md=0,1,2";
#endif
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "ss=16";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "sr=44100";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "da=true";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "sv=false";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "et=0,1";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "ek=1";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "cn=0,1";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "ch=2";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = "txtvers=1";
  if (config.password == 0)
    txt_records[entry_number++] = "pw=false";
  else
    txt_records[entry_number++] = "pw=true";
  txt_records[entry_number++] = NULL;
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
  // make up a secondary set of text records
  entry_number = 0;

  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = "srcvers=366.0";
  snprintf(deviceIdString, sizeof(deviceIdString), "deviceid=%s", config.airplay_device_id);
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = deviceIdString;
  snprintf(featuresString, sizeof(featuresString), "features=0x%" PRIX64 ",0x%" PRIX64 "",
           features_lo, features_hi);
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = featuresString;
  snprintf(statusflagsString, sizeof(statusflagsString), "flags=0x%" PRIX32,
           config.airplay_statusflags);

  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = statusflagsString;
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = "protovers=1.1";
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = "acl=0";
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = "rsf=0x0";
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = firmware_version;
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = "model=Shairport Sync";
  snprintf(piString, sizeof(piString), "pi=%s", config.airplay_pi);
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = piString;
  if ((conn != NULL) && (conn->airplay_gid != 0)) {
    snprintf(gidString, sizeof(gidString), "gid=%s", conn->airplay_gid);
  } else {
    snprintf(gidString, sizeof(gidString), "gid=%s", config.airplay_pi);
  }
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = gidString;
  if ((conn != NULL) && (conn->groupContainsGroupLeader != 0))
    secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = "gcgl=1";
  else
    secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = "gcgl=0";
  if ((conn != NULL) && (conn->airplay_gid != 0)) // if it's in a group
    secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = "isGroupLeader=0";
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = pkString;
  secondary_txt_records[entry_number++] = NULL;
#endif
}

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
typedef struct {
  uint32_t type;
  uint32_t code;
  char *data;
  uint32_t length;
  rtsp_message *carrier;
} metadata_package;

void pc_queue_init(pc_queue *the_queue, char *items, size_t item_size, uint32_t number_of_items,
                   const char *name) {
  if (name)
    debug(2, "Creating metadata queue \"%s\".", name);
  else
    debug(1, "Creating an unnamed metadata queue.");
  pthread_mutex_init(&the_queue->pc_queue_lock, NULL);
  pthread_cond_init(&the_queue->pc_queue_item_added_signal, NULL);
  pthread_cond_init(&the_queue->pc_queue_item_removed_signal, NULL);
  the_queue->item_size = item_size;
  the_queue->items = items;
  the_queue->count = 0;
  the_queue->capacity = number_of_items;
  the_queue->toq = 0;
  the_queue->eoq = 0;
  if (name == NULL)
    the_queue->name = NULL;
  else
    the_queue->name = strdup(name);
}

void pc_queue_delete(pc_queue *the_queue) {
  if (the_queue->name)
    debug(2, "Deleting metadata queue \"%s\".", the_queue->name);
  else
    debug(1, "Deleting an unnamed metadata queue.");
  if (the_queue->name != NULL)
    free(the_queue->name);
  // debug(2, "destroying pc_queue_item_removed_signal");
  pthread_cond_destroy(&the_queue->pc_queue_item_removed_signal);
  // debug(2, "destroying pc_queue_item_added_signal");
  pthread_cond_destroy(&the_queue->pc_queue_item_added_signal);
  // debug(2, "destroying pc_queue_lock");
  pthread_mutex_destroy(&the_queue->pc_queue_lock);
  // debug(2, "destroying signals and locks done");
}

int send_metadata(uint32_t type, uint32_t code, char *data, uint32_t length, rtsp_message *carrier,
                  int block);

int send_ssnc_metadata(uint32_t code, char *data, uint32_t length, int block) {
  return send_metadata('ssnc', code, data, length, NULL, block);
}

void pc_queue_cleanup_handler(void *arg) {
  // debug(1, "pc_queue_cleanup_handler called.");
  pc_queue *the_queue = (pc_queue *)arg;
  int rc = pthread_mutex_unlock(&the_queue->pc_queue_lock);
  if (rc)
    debug(1, "Error unlocking for pc_queue_add_item or pc_queue_get_item.");
}

int pc_queue_add_item(pc_queue *the_queue, const void *the_stuff, int block) {
  int response = 0;
  int rc;
  if (the_queue) {
    if (block == 0) {
      rc = debug_mutex_lock(&the_queue->pc_queue_lock, 10000, 2);
      if (rc == EBUSY)
        return EBUSY;
    } else
      rc = pthread_mutex_lock(&the_queue->pc_queue_lock);
    if (rc)
      debug(1, "Error locking for pc_queue_add_item");
    pthread_cleanup_push(pc_queue_cleanup_handler, (void *)the_queue);
    // leave this out if you want this to return if the queue is already full
    // irrespective of the block flag.
    /*
                while (the_queue->count == the_queue->capacity) {
                        rc = pthread_cond_wait(&the_queue->pc_queue_item_removed_signal,
       &the_queue->pc_queue_lock); if (rc) debug(1, "Error waiting for item to be removed");
                }
                */
    if (the_queue->count < the_queue->capacity) {
      uint32_t i = the_queue->eoq;
      void *p = the_queue->items + the_queue->item_size * i;
      //    void * p = &the_queue->qbase + the_queue->item_size*the_queue->eoq;
      memcpy(p, the_stuff, the_queue->item_size);

      // update the pointer
      i++;
      if (i == the_queue->capacity)
        // fold pointer if necessary
        i = 0;
      the_queue->eoq = i;
      the_queue->count++;
      // debug(2,"metadata queue+ \"%s\" %d/%d.", the_queue->name, the_queue->count,
      // the_queue->capacity);
      if (the_queue->count == the_queue->capacity)
        debug(3, "metadata queue \"%s\": is now full with %d items in it!", the_queue->name,
              the_queue->count);
      rc = pthread_cond_signal(&the_queue->pc_queue_item_added_signal);
      if (rc)
        debug(1, "metadata queue \"%s\": error signalling after pc_queue_add_item",
              the_queue->name);
    } else {
      response = EWOULDBLOCK; // a bit arbitrary, this.
      debug(3,
            "metadata queue \"%s\": is already full with %d items in it. Not adding this item to "
            "the queue.",
            the_queue->name, the_queue->count);
    }
    pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // unlock the queue lock.
  } else {
    debug(1, "Adding an item to a NULL queue");
  }
  return response;
}

int pc_queue_get_item(pc_queue *the_queue, void *the_stuff) {
  int rc;
  if (the_queue) {
    rc = pthread_mutex_lock(&the_queue->pc_queue_lock);
    if (rc)
      debug(1, "metadata queue \"%s\": error locking for pc_queue_get_item", the_queue->name);
    pthread_cleanup_push(pc_queue_cleanup_handler, (void *)the_queue);
    while (the_queue->count == 0) {
      rc = pthread_cond_wait(&the_queue->pc_queue_item_added_signal, &the_queue->pc_queue_lock);
      if (rc)
        debug(1, "metadata queue \"%s\": error waiting for item to be added", the_queue->name);
    }
    uint32_t i = the_queue->toq;
    //    void * p = &the_queue->qbase + the_queue->item_size*the_queue->toq;
    void *p = the_queue->items + the_queue->item_size * i;
    memcpy(the_stuff, p, the_queue->item_size);

    // update the pointer
    i++;
    if (i == the_queue->capacity)
      // fold pointer if necessary
      i = 0;
    the_queue->toq = i;
    the_queue->count--;
    debug(3, "metadata queue- \"%s\" %d/%d.", the_queue->name, the_queue->count,
          the_queue->capacity);
    rc = pthread_cond_signal(&the_queue->pc_queue_item_removed_signal);
    if (rc)
      debug(1, "metadata queue \"%s\": error signalling after pc_queue_get_item", the_queue->name);
    pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // unlock the queue lock.
  } else {
    debug(1, "Removing an item from a NULL queue");
  }
  return 0;
}

#endif

void lock_player() { debug_mutex_lock(&playing_conn_lock, 1000000, 3); }

void unlock_player() { debug_mutex_unlock(&playing_conn_lock, 3); }

int have_play_lock(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  int response = 0;
  lock_player();
  if (playing_conn == conn) // this connection definitely has the play lock
    response = 1;
  unlock_player();
  return response;
}

/*
// return 0 if the playing_conn isn't already locked by someone else and if
// it belongs to the conn passed in.
// remember to release it!
int try_to_get_and_lock_playing_conn(rtsp_conn_info **conn) {
  int response = -1;
  if (pthread_mutex_trylock(&playing_conn_lock) == 0) {
    response = 0;
    *conn = playing_conn;
  }
  return response;
}


void release_hold_on_play_lock(__attribute__((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  pthread_mutex_unlock(&playing_conn_lock);
}

*/

// make conn no longer the playing_conn
void release_play_lock(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  if (conn != NULL)
    debug(2, "Connection %d: release play lock.", conn->connection_number);
  else
    debug(2, "Release play lock.");
  lock_player();
  if (playing_conn == conn) { // if we have the player
    if (conn != NULL)
      debug(2, "Connection %d: play lock released.", conn->connection_number);
    else
      debug(2, "Play lock released.");
    playing_conn = NULL; // let it go
  }
  unlock_player();
}

// make conn the playing_conn, and kill the current session if permitted
int get_play_lock(rtsp_conn_info *conn, int allow_session_interruption) {
  if (conn != NULL)
    debug(2, "Connection %d: request play lock.", conn->connection_number);
  else if (playing_conn != NULL)
    debug(2, "Connection %d: request release.", playing_conn->connection_number);
  else
    debug(2, "Request release of non-existent player.");
  // returns -1 if it failed, 0 if it succeeded and 1 if it succeeded but
  // interrupted an existing session
  int response = 0;

  int have_the_player = 0;
  int should_wait = 0; // this will be true if you're trying to break in to the current session
  int interrupting_current_session = 0;

  // try to become the current playing_conn

  lock_player(); // don't let it change while we are looking at it...

  if (playing_conn == NULL) {
    playing_conn = conn;
    have_the_player = 1;
  } else if (playing_conn == conn) {
    have_the_player = 1;
    if (conn != NULL)
      warn("Duplicate attempt to acquire the player by the same connection, by the look of it!");
  } else if (playing_conn->stop) {
    debug(1, "Connection %d: Waiting for Connection %d to stop playing.", conn->connection_number,
          playing_conn->connection_number);
    should_wait = 1;
  } else if (allow_session_interruption != 0) {
    debug(2, "Asking Connection %d to stop playing.", playing_conn->connection_number);
    playing_conn->stop = 1;
    interrupting_current_session = 1;
    should_wait = 1;
    pthread_cancel(playing_conn->thread); // asking the RTSP thread to exit
  }
  unlock_player();

  if (should_wait) {
    int time_remaining = 3000000; // must be signed, as it could go negative...

    while ((time_remaining > 0) && (have_the_player == 0)) {
      lock_player(); // get it
      if (playing_conn == NULL) {
        playing_conn = conn;
        have_the_player = 1;
      }
      unlock_player();

      if (have_the_player == 0) {
        usleep(100000);
        time_remaining -= 100000;
      }
    }
    if ((have_the_player == 1) && (interrupting_current_session == 1)) {
      if (conn != NULL)
        debug(2, "Connection %d: Got player lock", conn->connection_number);
      else
        debug(2, "Player released.");
      response = 1;
    } else {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: failed to get player lock after waiting.", conn->connection_number);
      response = -1;
    }
  }

  if ((have_the_player == 1) && (interrupting_current_session == 0)) {
    if (conn != NULL)
      debug(2, "Connection %d: Got player lock.", conn->connection_number);
    else
      debug(2, "Player released.");
    response = 0;
  }
  return response;
}

void player_watchdog_thread_cleanup_handler(void *arg) {
  rtsp_conn_info *conn = (rtsp_conn_info *)arg;
  debug(3, "Connection %d: Watchdog Exit.", conn->connection_number);
}

void *player_watchdog_thread_code(void *arg) {
  pthread_cleanup_push(player_watchdog_thread_cleanup_handler, arg);
  rtsp_conn_info *conn = (rtsp_conn_info *)arg;
  do {
    usleep(2000000); // check every two seconds
    // debug(3, "Connection %d: Check the thread is doing something...", conn->connection_number);
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
    if ((config.dont_check_timeout == 0) && (config.timeout != 0) && (conn->airplay_type == ap_1)) {
#else
    if ((config.dont_check_timeout == 0) && (config.timeout != 0)) {
#endif
      debug_mutex_lock(&conn->watchdog_mutex, 1000, 0);
      uint64_t last_watchdog_bark_time = conn->watchdog_bark_time;
      debug_mutex_unlock(&conn->watchdog_mutex, 0);
      if (last_watchdog_bark_time != 0) {
        uint64_t time_since_last_bark =
            (get_absolute_time_in_ns() - last_watchdog_bark_time) / 1000000000;
        uint64_t ct = config.timeout; // go from int to 64-bit int

        if (time_since_last_bark >= ct) {
          conn->watchdog_barks++;
          if (conn->watchdog_barks == 1) {
            // debuglev = 3; // tell us everything.
            debug(1,
                  "Connection %d: As Yeats almost said, \"Too long a silence / can make a stone "
                  "of the heart\".",
                  conn->connection_number);
            conn->stop = 1;
            pthread_cancel(conn->thread);
          } else if (conn->watchdog_barks == 3) {
            if ((config.cmd_unfixable) && (conn->unfixable_error_reported == 0)) {
              conn->unfixable_error_reported = 1;
              command_execute(config.cmd_unfixable, "unable_to_cancel_play_session", 1);
            } else {
              die("an unrecoverable error, \"unable_to_cancel_play_session\", has been detected.",
                  conn->connection_number);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  } while (1);
  pthread_cleanup_pop(0); // should never happen
  pthread_exit(NULL);
}

// keep track of the threads we have spawned so we can join() them
static int nconns = 0;
static void track_thread(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  debug_mutex_lock(&conns_lock, 1000000, 3);
  // look for an empty slot first
  int i = 0;
  int found = 0;
  while ((i < nconns) && (found == 0)) {
    if (conns[i] == NULL)
      found = 1;
    else
      i++;
  }
  if (found != 0) {
    conns[i] = conn;
  } else {
    // make space for a new element
    conns = realloc(conns, sizeof(rtsp_conn_info *) * (nconns + 1));
    if (conns) {
      conns[nconns] = conn;
      nconns++;
    } else {
      die("could not reallocate memory for conns");
    }
  }
  debug_mutex_unlock(&conns_lock, 3);
}

// note: connection numbers start at 1, so an except_this_one value of zero means "all threads"
void cancel_all_RTSP_threads(airplay_stream_c stream_category, int except_this_one) {
  // if the stream category is unspecified_stream_category
  // all categories are elegible for cancellation
  // otherwise just the category itself
  debug_mutex_lock(&conns_lock, 1000000, 3);
  int i;
  for (i = 0; i < nconns; i++) {
    if ((conns[i] != NULL) && (conns[i]->running != 0) &&
        (conns[i]->connection_number != except_this_one) &&
        ((stream_category == unspecified_stream_category) ||
         (stream_category == conns[i]->airplay_stream_category))) {
      pthread_cancel(conns[i]->thread);
      debug(2, "Connection %d: cancelled.", conns[i]->connection_number);
    }
  }
  for (i = 0; i < nconns; i++) {
    if ((conns[i] != NULL) && (conns[i]->running != 0) &&
        (conns[i]->connection_number != except_this_one) &&
        ((stream_category == unspecified_stream_category) ||
         (stream_category == conns[i]->airplay_stream_category))) {
      pthread_join(conns[i]->thread, NULL);
      debug(2, "Connection %d: joined.", conns[i]->connection_number);
      free(conns[i]);
      conns[i] = NULL;
    }
  }
  debug_mutex_unlock(&conns_lock, 3);
}

void cleanup_threads(void) {

  void *retval;
  int i;
  // debug(2, "culling threads.");
  debug_mutex_lock(&conns_lock, 1000000, 3);
  for (i = 0; i < nconns; i++) {
    if ((conns[i] != NULL) && (conns[i]->running == 0)) {
      debug(3, "found RTSP connection thread %d in a non-running state.",
            conns[i]->connection_number);
      pthread_join(conns[i]->thread, &retval);
      debug(2, "Connection %d: deleted in cleanup.", conns[i]->connection_number);
      free(conns[i]);
      conns[i] = NULL;
    }
  }
  debug_mutex_unlock(&conns_lock, 3);
}

// park a null at the line ending, and return the next line pointer
// accept \r, \n, or \r\n
static char *nextline(char *in, int inbuf) {
  char *out = NULL;
  while (inbuf) {
    if (*in == '\r') {
      *in++ = 0;
      out = in;
      inbuf--;
    }
    if ((*in == '\n') && (inbuf)) {
      *in++ = 0;
      out = in;
    }

    if (out)
      break;

    in++;
    inbuf--;
  }
  return out;
}

void msg_retain(rtsp_message *msg) {
  int rc = pthread_mutex_lock(&reference_counter_lock);
  if (rc)
    debug(1, "Error %d locking reference counter lock");
  if (msg > (rtsp_message *)0x00010000) {
    msg->referenceCount++;
    debug(3, "msg_free increment reference counter message %d to %d.", msg->index_number,
          msg->referenceCount);
    // debug(1,"msg_retain -- item %d reference count %d.", msg->index_number, msg->referenceCount);
    rc = pthread_mutex_unlock(&reference_counter_lock);
    if (rc)
      debug(1, "Error %d unlocking reference counter lock");
  } else {
    debug(1, "invalid rtsp_message pointer 0x%x passed to retain", (uintptr_t)msg);
  }
}

rtsp_message *msg_init(void) {
  rtsp_message *msg = malloc(sizeof(rtsp_message));
  if (msg) {
    memset(msg, 0, sizeof(rtsp_message));
    msg->referenceCount = 1; // from now on, any access to this must be protected with the lock
    msg->index_number = msg_indexes++;
    debug(3, "msg_init message %d", msg->index_number);
  } else {
    die("msg_init -- can not allocate memory for rtsp_message %d.", msg_indexes);
  }
  // debug(1,"msg_init -- create item %d.", msg->index_number);
  return msg;
}

int msg_add_header(rtsp_message *msg, char *name, char *value) {
  if (msg->nheaders >= sizeof(msg->name) / sizeof(char *)) {
    warn("too many headers?!");
    return 1;
  }

  msg->name[msg->nheaders] = strdup(name);
  msg->value[msg->nheaders] = strdup(value);
  msg->nheaders++;

  return 0;
}

char *msg_get_header(rtsp_message *msg, char *name) {
  unsigned int i;
  for (i = 0; i < msg->nheaders; i++)
    if (!strcasecmp(msg->name[i], name))
      return msg->value[i];
  return NULL;
}

void _debug_print_msg_headers(const char *filename, const int linenumber, int level,
                              rtsp_message *msg) {
  unsigned int i;
  if (msg->respcode != 0)
    _debug(filename, linenumber, level, "  Response Code: %d.", msg->respcode);
  for (i = 0; i < msg->nheaders; i++) {
    _debug(filename, linenumber, level, "  Type: \"%s\", content: \"%s\"", msg->name[i],
           msg->value[i]);
  }
}

/*
static void debug_print_msg_content(int level, rtsp_message *msg) {
  if (msg->contentlength) {
    char *obf = malloc(msg->contentlength * 2 + 1);
    if (obf) {
      char *obfp = obf;
      int obfc;
      for (obfc = 0; obfc < msg->contentlength; obfc++) {
        snprintf(obfp, 3, "%02X", msg->content[obfc]);
        obfp += 2;
      };
      *obfp = 0;
      debug(level, "Content (hex): \"%s\"", obf);
      free(obf);
    } else {
      debug(level, "Can't allocate space for debug buffer");
    }
  } else {
    debug(level, "No content");
  }
}
*/

void msg_free(rtsp_message **msgh) {
  debug_mutex_lock(&reference_counter_lock, 1000, 0);
  if (*msgh > (rtsp_message *)0x00010000) {
    rtsp_message *msg = *msgh;
    msg->referenceCount--;
    if (msg->referenceCount)
      debug(3, "msg_free decrement reference counter message %d to %d", msg->index_number,
            msg->referenceCount);
    if (msg->referenceCount == 0) {
      unsigned int i;
      for (i = 0; i < msg->nheaders; i++) {
        free(msg->name[i]);
        free(msg->value[i]);
      }
      if (msg->content)
        free(msg->content);
      // debug(1,"msg_free item %d -- free.",msg->index_number);
      uintptr_t index = (msg->index_number) & 0xFFFF;
      if (index == 0)
        index = 0x10000; // ensure it doesn't fold to zero.
      *msgh =
          (rtsp_message *)(index); // put a version of the index number of the freed message in here
      debug(3, "msg_free freed message %d", msg->index_number);
      free(msg);
    } else {
      // debug(1,"msg_free item %d -- decrement reference to
      // %d.",msg->index_number,msg->referenceCount);
    }
  } else if (*msgh != NULL) {
    debug(1,
          "msg_free: error attempting to free an allocated but already-freed rtsp_message, number "
          "%d.",
          (uintptr_t)*msgh);
  }
  debug_mutex_unlock(&reference_counter_lock, 0);
}

int msg_handle_line(rtsp_message **pmsg, char *line) {
  rtsp_message *msg = *pmsg;

  if (!msg) {
    msg = msg_init();
    *pmsg = msg;
    char *sp, *p;
    sp = NULL; // this is to quieten a compiler warning

    debug(3, "RTSP Message Received: \"%s\".", line);

    p = strtok_r(line, " ", &sp);
    if (!p)
      goto fail;
    strncpy(msg->method, p, sizeof(msg->method) - 1);

    p = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &sp);
    if (!p)
      goto fail;
    strncpy(msg->path, p, sizeof(msg->path) - 1);

    p = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &sp);
    if (!p)
      goto fail;
    if (strcmp(p, "RTSP/1.0"))
      goto fail;

    return -1;
  }

  if (strlen(line)) {
    char *p;
    p = strstr(line, ": ");
    if (!p) {
      warn("bad header: >>%s<<", line);
      goto fail;
    }
    *p = 0;
    p += 2;
    msg_add_header(msg, line, p);
    debug(3, "    %s: %s.", line, p);
    return -1;
  } else {
    char *cl = msg_get_header(msg, "Content-Length");
    if (cl)
      return atoi(cl);
    else
      return 0;
  }

fail:
  debug(3, "msg_handle_line fail");
  msg_free(pmsg);
  *pmsg = NULL;
  return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2

void add_flush_request(int flushNow, uint32_t flushFromSeq, uint32_t flushFromTS,
                       uint32_t flushUntilSeq, uint32_t flushUntilTS, rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  // immediate flush requests are added sequentially. Don't know how more than one could arise, TBH
  flush_request_t **t = &conn->flush_requests;
  int done = 0;
  do {
    flush_request_t *u = *t;
    if ((u == NULL) || ((u->flushNow == 0) && (flushNow != 0)) ||
        (flushFromSeq < u->flushFromSeq) ||
        ((flushFromSeq == u->flushFromSeq) && (flushFromTS < u->flushFromTS))) {
      flush_request_t *n = (flush_request_t *)calloc(sizeof(flush_request_t), 1);
      n->flushNow = flushNow;
      n->flushFromSeq = flushFromSeq;
      n->flushFromTS = flushFromTS;
      n->flushUntilSeq = flushUntilSeq;
      n->flushUntilTS = flushUntilTS;
      n->next = u;
      *t = n;
      done = 1;
    } else {
      t = &u->next;
    }
  } while (done == 0);
}

void display_all_flush_requests(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  if (conn->flush_requests == NULL) {
    debug(1, "No flush requests.");
  } else {
    flush_request_t *t = conn->flush_requests;
    do {
      if (t->flushNow) {
        debug(1, "immediate flush          to untilSeq: %u, untilTS: %u.", t->flushUntilSeq,
              t->flushUntilTS);
      } else {
        debug(1, "fromSeq: %u, fromTS: %u, to untilSeq: %u, untilTS: %u.", t->flushFromSeq,
              t->flushFromTS, t->flushUntilSeq, t->flushUntilTS);
      }
      t = t->next;
    } while (t != NULL);
  }
}

int rtsp_message_contains_plist(rtsp_message *message) {
  int reply = 0; // assume there is no plist in the message
  if ((message->contentlength >= strlen("bplist00")) &&
      (strstr(message->content, "bplist00") == message->content))
    reply = 1;
  return reply;
}

plist_t plist_from_rtsp_content(rtsp_message *message) {
  plist_t the_plist = NULL;
  if (rtsp_message_contains_plist(message)) {
    plist_from_memory(message->content, message->contentlength, &the_plist);
  }
  return the_plist;
}

char *plist_content(plist_t the_plist) {
  // caller must free the returned character buffer
  // convert it to xml format
  uint32_t size;
  char *plist_out = NULL;
  plist_to_xml(the_plist, &plist_out, &size);

  // put it into a NUL-terminated string
  char *reply = malloc(size + 1);
  if (reply) {
    memcpy(reply, plist_out, size);
    reply[size] = '\0';
  }
  if (the_plist)
    plist_free(the_plist);
  if (plist_out)
    free(plist_out);
  return reply;
}

// caller must free the returned character buffer
char *rtsp_plist_content(rtsp_message *message) {
  char *reply = NULL;
  // first, check if it has binary plist content
  if (rtsp_message_contains_plist(message)) {
    // get the plist from the content

    plist_t the_plist = plist_from_rtsp_content(message);

    // convert it to xml format
    uint32_t size;
    char *plist_out = NULL;
    plist_to_xml(the_plist, &plist_out, &size);

    // put it into a NUL-terminated string
    reply = malloc(size + 1);
    if (reply) {
      memcpy(reply, plist_out, size);
      reply[size] = '\0';
    }
    if (the_plist)
      plist_free(the_plist);
    if (plist_out)
      free(plist_out);
  }
  return reply;
}

#endif

void _debug_log_rtsp_message(const char *filename, const int linenumber, int level, char *prompt,
                             rtsp_message *message) {
  if (level > debuglev)
    return;
  if ((prompt) && (*prompt != '\0')) // okay to pass NULL or an empty list...
    _debug(filename, linenumber, level, prompt);
  _debug_print_msg_headers(filename, linenumber, level, message);
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
  char *plist_content = rtsp_plist_content(message);
  if (plist_content) {
    _debug(filename, linenumber, level, "  Content Plist (as XML):\n--\n%s--", plist_content);
    free(plist_content);
  } else
#endif
  {
    _debug(filename, linenumber, level, "  No Content Plist. Content length: %d.",
           message->contentlength);
  }
}

#define debug_log_rtsp_message(level, prompt, message)                                             \
  _debug_log_rtsp_message(__FILE__, __LINE__, level, prompt, message)
#define debug_print_msg_headers(level, message)                                                    \
  _debug_print_msg_headers(__FILE__, __LINE__, level, message)

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
static void buf_add(sized_buffer *buf, uint8_t *in, size_t in_len) {
  if (buf->length + in_len > buf->size) {
    buf->size = buf->length + in_len + 2048; // Extra legroom to avoid future memcpy's
    uint8_t *new = malloc(buf->size);
    memcpy(new, buf->data, buf->length);
    free(buf->data);
    buf->data = new;
  }
  memcpy(buf->data + buf->length, in, in_len);
  buf->length += in_len;
}

static void buf_drain(sized_buffer *buf, ssize_t len) {
  if (len < 0 || (size_t)len >= buf->length) {
    free(buf->data);
    memset(buf, 0, sizeof(sized_buffer));
    return;
  }
  memmove(buf->data, buf->data + len, buf->length - len);
  buf->length -= len;
}

static size_t buf_remove(sized_buffer *buf, uint8_t *out, size_t out_len) {
  size_t bytes = (buf->length > out_len) ? out_len : buf->length;
  memcpy(out, buf->data, bytes);
  buf_drain(buf, bytes);
  return bytes;
}

static ssize_t read_encrypted(int fd, pair_cipher_bundle *ctx, void *buf, size_t count) {
  uint8_t in[4096];
  uint8_t *plain;
  size_t plain_len;

  // If there is leftover decoded content from the last pass just return that
  if (ctx->plaintext_read_buffer.length > 0) {
    return buf_remove(&ctx->plaintext_read_buffer, buf, count);
  }

  do {
    ssize_t got = read(fd, in, sizeof(in));
    if (got <= 0)
      return got;
    buf_add(&ctx->encrypted_read_buffer, in, got);

    ssize_t consumed = pair_decrypt(&plain, &plain_len, ctx->encrypted_read_buffer.data,
                                    ctx->encrypted_read_buffer.length, ctx->cipher_ctx);
    if (consumed < 0)
      return -1;
    buf_drain(&ctx->encrypted_read_buffer, consumed);
  } while (plain_len == 0);

  // Fast path, avoids some memcpy + allocs in case of the normal, small message
  /*  if (ctx->plaintext_read_buffer.len == 0 && plain_len < count) {
      memcpy(buf, plain, plain_len);
      free(plain);
      return plain_len;
    }
  */
  buf_add(&ctx->plaintext_read_buffer, plain, plain_len);
  free(plain);

  return buf_remove(&ctx->plaintext_read_buffer, buf, count);
}

static ssize_t write_encrypted(int fd, pair_cipher_bundle *ctx, const void *buf, size_t count) {
  uint8_t *encrypted;
  size_t encrypted_len;

  ssize_t ret = pair_encrypt(&encrypted, &encrypted_len, buf, count, ctx->cipher_ctx);
  if (ret < 0) {
    debug(1, pair_cipher_errmsg(ctx->cipher_ctx));
    return -1;
  }

  size_t remain = encrypted_len;
  while (remain > 0) {
    ssize_t wrote = write(fd, encrypted + (encrypted_len - remain), remain);
    if (wrote <= 0) {
      free(encrypted);
      return wrote;
    }
    remain -= wrote;
  }
  free(encrypted);
  return count;
}

/*
static ssize_t write_encrypted(rtsp_conn_info *conn, const void *buf, size_t count) {
  uint8_t *encrypted;
  size_t encrypted_len;

  ssize_t ret =
      pair_encrypt(&encrypted, &encrypted_len, buf, count, conn->ap2_pairing_context.cipher_ctx);
  if (ret < 0) {
    debug(1, pair_cipher_errmsg(conn->ap2_pairing_context.cipher_ctx));
    return -1;
  }

  size_t remain = encrypted_len;
  while (remain > 0) {
    ssize_t wrote = write(conn->fd, encrypted + (encrypted_len - remain), remain);
    if (wrote <= 0) {
      free(encrypted);
      return wrote;
    }
    remain -= wrote;
  }
  free(encrypted);
  return count;
}
*/
#endif

ssize_t timed_read_from_rtsp_connection(rtsp_conn_info *conn, uint64_t wait_time, void *buf,
                                        size_t count) {
  // note: a wait time of zero means wait forever
  ssize_t result = 0; // closed
  if (conn->fd > 0) {
    int64_t remaining_time = 0;
    uint64_t time_to_wait_to = get_absolute_time_in_ns();;
    time_to_wait_to = time_to_wait_to + wait_time;

    // remaining_time will be zero if wait_time is zero
    if (wait_time != 0) {
      remaining_time = time_to_wait_to - get_absolute_time_in_ns(); 
    }
    do {
      struct timeval tv;
      tv.tv_sec = remaining_time / 1000000000;           // seconds
      tv.tv_usec = (remaining_time % 1000000000) / 1000; // microseconds
      if (setsockopt(conn->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (const char *)&tv, sizeof tv) != 0) {
        char errorstring[1024];
        strerror_r(errno, (char *)errorstring, sizeof(errorstring));
        debug(1, "could not set time limit on timed_read_from_rtsp_connection -- error %d \"%s\".",
              errno, errorstring);
      }

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
      if (conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.cipher_ctx) {
        conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.is_encrypted = 1;
        result = read_encrypted(conn->fd, &conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle, buf, count);
      } else {
        result = read(conn->fd, buf, count);
      }
#else
      result = read(conn->fd, buf, count);
#endif
      if (wait_time != 0)
        remaining_time = time_to_wait_to - get_absolute_time_in_ns();
      if (((result == -1) && ((errno == EAGAIN) || (errno == EWOULDBLOCK))) && (remaining_time > 0))
        debug(1,"remaining time on a timed read is %" PRId64 " ns.", remaining_time);
    } while (((result == -1) && ((errno == EAGAIN) || (errno == EWOULDBLOCK))) && (remaining_time > 0));

  } else {
    debug(1,"Connection %d: attempt to read from a closed RTSP connection.",conn->connection_number);
  }
  return result;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
void set_client_as_ptp_clock(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  char timing_list_message[4096] = "";
  strncat(timing_list_message, "T ", sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
  strncat(timing_list_message, (const char *)&conn->client_ip_string,
          sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
  ptp_send_control_message_string(timing_list_message);
}

void clear_ptp_clock() {
  ptp_send_control_message_string("T");
}
#endif

ssize_t read_from_rtsp_connection(rtsp_conn_info *conn, void *buf, size_t count) {
  // first try to read with a timeout, to see if there is any traffic...
  // ssize_t response = timed_read_from_rtsp_connection(conn, 20000000000L, buf, count);
  // actually don't use a timeout -- OwnTone doesn't supply regular traffic.
  ssize_t response = timed_read_from_rtsp_connection(conn, 0, buf, count);
  if ((response == -1) && ((errno == EAGAIN) || (errno == EWOULDBLOCK))) {
    if (conn->rtsp_link_is_idle == 0) {
      debug(1, "Connection %d: RTSP connection is idle.", conn->connection_number);
      conn->rtsp_link_is_idle = 1;
      conn->udp_clock_sender_is_initialised = 0;
      conn->udp_clock_is_initialised = 0;
    }
    response = timed_read_from_rtsp_connection(conn, 0, buf, count);
  }
  if (conn->rtsp_link_is_idle == 1) {
    conn->rtsp_link_is_idle = 0;
    debug(1, "Connection %d: RTSP connection traffic has resumed.", conn->connection_number);
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
    if (conn->airplay_stream_type == realtime_stream) {
      conn->last_anchor_info_is_valid = 0;
      conn->anchor_remote_info_is_valid = 0;
      conn->first_packet_timestamp = 0;
      conn->input_frame_rate_starting_point_is_valid = 0;
      ab_resync(conn);
    }
#else
    conn->anchor_remote_info_is_valid = 0;
    conn->local_to_remote_time_difference_measurement_time = 0;
    conn->local_to_remote_time_difference = 0;
    conn->first_packet_timestamp = 0;
    conn->input_frame_rate_starting_point_is_valid = 0;
    ab_resync(conn);
#endif
  }
  return response;
}

enum rtsp_read_request_response rtsp_read_request(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message **the_packet) {

  *the_packet = NULL; // need this for error handling

  enum rtsp_read_request_response reply = rtsp_read_request_response_ok;
  ssize_t buflen = 4096;
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
  if ((config.metadata_enabled != 0) && (config.get_coverart != 0))
    buflen = 1024 * 256; // big enough for typical picture data, which will be base64 encoded
#endif
  int release_buffer = 0;         // on exit, don't deallocate the buffer if everything was okay
  char *buf = malloc(buflen + 1); // add a NUL at the end
  if (!buf) {
    warn("Connection %d: rtsp_read_request: can't get a buffer.", conn->connection_number);
    return (rtsp_read_request_response_error);
  }
  pthread_cleanup_push(malloc_cleanup, buf);
  ssize_t nread;
  ssize_t inbuf = 0;
  int msg_size = -1;

  while (msg_size < 0) {
    if (conn->stop != 0) {
      debug(3, "Connection %d: shutdown requested.", conn->connection_number);
      reply = rtsp_read_request_response_immediate_shutdown_requested;
      goto shutdown;
    }

    nread = read_from_rtsp_connection(conn, buf + inbuf, buflen - inbuf);

    if (nread == 0) {
      // a blocking read that returns zero means eof -- implies connection closed
      
      debug(1, "Connection %d: Closed by client: from %s:%u to self at %s:%u.",
        conn->connection_number,
        conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port,
        conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
      conn->fd = 0;
      reply = rtsp_read_request_response_channel_closed;
      goto shutdown;
    }

    if (nread < 0) {
      if (errno == EINTR)
        continue;
      if (errno == EAGAIN) {
        debug(1, "Connection %d: getting Error 11 -- EAGAIN from a blocking read!",
              conn->connection_number);
        continue;
      }
      if (errno != ECONNRESET) {
        char errorstring[1024];
        strerror_r(errno, (char *)errorstring, sizeof(errorstring));
        if (errno != 0)
          debug(2, "Connection %d: rtsp_read_request_response_read_error %d: \"%s\".",
                conn->connection_number, errno, (char *)errorstring);
      }
      reply = rtsp_read_request_response_read_error;
      goto shutdown;
    }

    /* // this outputs the message received
        {
        void *pt = malloc(nread+1);
        memset(pt, 0, nread+1);
        memcpy(pt, buf + inbuf, nread);
        debug(1, "Incoming string on port: \"%s\"",pt);
        free(pt);
        }
    */

    inbuf += nread;

    char *next;
    while (msg_size < 0 && (next = nextline(buf, inbuf))) {
      msg_size = msg_handle_line(the_packet, buf);

      if (!(*the_packet)) {
        debug(1, "Connection %d: rtsp_read_request can't find an RTSP header.",
              conn->connection_number);
        reply = rtsp_read_request_response_bad_packet;
        goto shutdown;
      }

      inbuf -= next - buf;
      if (inbuf)
        memmove(buf, next, inbuf);
    }
  }

  if (msg_size > buflen) {
    buf = realloc(buf, msg_size + 1);
    if (!buf) {
      warn("Connection %d: too much content.", conn->connection_number);
      reply = rtsp_read_request_response_error;
      goto shutdown;
    }
    buflen = msg_size;
  }

  uint64_t threshold_time =
      get_absolute_time_in_ns() + ((uint64_t)15000000000); // i.e. fifteen seconds from now
  int warning_message_sent = 0;

  // const size_t max_read_chunk = 1024 * 1024 / 16;
  while (inbuf < msg_size) {

    // we are going to read the stream in chunks and time how long it takes to
    // do so.
    // If it's taking too long, (and we find out about it), we will send an
    // error message as
    // metadata

    if (warning_message_sent == 0) {
      uint64_t time_now = get_absolute_time_in_ns();
      if (time_now > threshold_time) { // it's taking too long
        debug(1, "Error receiving metadata from source -- transmission seems "
                 "to be stalled.");
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
        send_ssnc_metadata('stal', NULL, 0, 1);
#endif
        warning_message_sent = 1;
      }
    }

    if (conn->stop != 0) {
      debug(1, "RTSP shutdown requested.");
      reply = rtsp_read_request_response_immediate_shutdown_requested;
      goto shutdown;
    }
    size_t read_chunk = msg_size - inbuf;
    // if (read_chunk > max_read_chunk)
    //  read_chunk = max_read_chunk;
    // usleep(80000); // wait about 80 milliseconds between reads of up to max_read_chunk
    nread = read_from_rtsp_connection(conn, buf + inbuf, read_chunk);
    if (!nread) {
      reply = rtsp_read_request_response_error;
      goto shutdown;
    }
    if (nread < 0) {
      if (errno == EINTR)
        continue;
      if (errno == EAGAIN) {
        debug(1, "Getting Error 11 -- EAGAIN from a blocking read!");
        continue;
      }
      if (errno != ECONNRESET) {
        char errorstring[1024];
        strerror_r(errno, (char *)errorstring, sizeof(errorstring));
        debug(1, "Connection %d: rtsp_read_request_response_read_error %d: \"%s\".",
              conn->connection_number, errno, (char *)errorstring);
      }
      reply = rtsp_read_request_response_read_error;
      goto shutdown;
    }
    inbuf += nread;
  }

  rtsp_message *msg = *the_packet;
  msg->contentlength = inbuf;
  msg->content = buf;
  char *jp = inbuf + buf;
  *jp = '\0';
  *the_packet = msg;
shutdown:
  if (reply != rtsp_read_request_response_ok) {
    msg_free(the_packet);
    release_buffer = 1; // allow the buffer to be released
  }
  pthread_cleanup_pop(release_buffer);
  return reply;
}

int msg_write_response(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *resp) {
  char pkt[4096];
  int pktfree = sizeof(pkt);
  char *p = pkt;
  int n;
  unsigned int i;

  struct response_t {
    int code;
    char *string;
  };

  struct response_t responses[] = {{200, "OK"},
                                   {400, "Bad Request"},
                                   {403, "Unauthorized"},
                                   {404, "Not Found"},
                                   {451, "Unavailable"},
                                   {456, "Header Field Not Valid for Resource"},
                                   {500, "Internal Server Error"},
                                   {501, "Not Implemented"}};
  // 451 is really "Unavailable For Legal Reasons"!
  int found = 0;
  char *respcode_text = "Unauthorized";
  for (i = 0; i < sizeof(responses) / sizeof(struct response_t); i++) {
    if (resp->respcode == responses[i].code) {
      found = 1;
      respcode_text = responses[i].string;
    }
  }

  if (found == 0)
    debug(1, "can't find text for response code %d. Using \"%s\" instead.", resp->respcode,
          respcode_text);

  n = snprintf(p, pktfree, "RTSP/1.0 %d %s\r\n", resp->respcode, respcode_text);
  pktfree -= n;
  p += n;

  for (i = 0; i < resp->nheaders; i++) {
    //    debug(3, "    %s: %s.", resp->name[i], resp->value[i]);
    n = snprintf(p, pktfree, "%s: %s\r\n", resp->name[i], resp->value[i]);
    pktfree -= n;
    p += n;
    if (pktfree <= 1024) {
      debug(1, "Attempted to write overlong RTSP packet 1");
      return -1;
    }
  }

  // Here, if there's content, write the Content-Length header ...

  if (resp->contentlength) {
    debug(2, "Responding with content of length %d", resp->contentlength);
    n = snprintf(p, pktfree, "Content-Length: %d\r\n", resp->contentlength);
    pktfree -= n;
    p += n;
    if (pktfree <= 1024) {
      debug(1, "Attempted to write overlong RTSP packet 2");
      return -2;
    }
  }

  n = snprintf(p, pktfree, "\r\n");
  pktfree -= n;
  p += n;

  if (resp->contentlength) {
    memcpy(p, resp->content, resp->contentlength);
    pktfree -= resp->contentlength;
    p += resp->contentlength;
  }

  if (pktfree <= 1024) {
    debug(1, "Attempted to write overlong RTSP packet 3");
    return -3;
  }

  // here, if the link is encrypted, better do it

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
  ssize_t reply;
  if (conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.is_encrypted) {
    reply =
        write_encrypted(conn->fd, &conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle, pkt, p - pkt);
  } else {
    reply = write(conn->fd, pkt, p - pkt);
  }
#else
  ssize_t reply = write(conn->fd, pkt, p - pkt);
#endif

  if (reply == -1) {
    char errorstring[1024];
    strerror_r(errno, (char *)errorstring, sizeof(errorstring));
    debug(1, "msg_write_response error %d: \"%s\".", errno, (char *)errorstring);
    return -4;
  }
  if (reply != p - pkt) {
    debug(1, "msg_write_response error -- requested bytes: %d not fully written: %d.", p - pkt,
          reply);
    return -5;
  }
  return 0;
}

char *get_category_string(airplay_stream_c cat) {
  char *category;
  switch (cat) {
  case unspecified_stream_category:
    category = "unspecified stream";
    break;
  case ptp_stream:
    category = "PTP stream";
    break;
  case ntp_stream:
    category = "NTP stream";
    break;
  case remote_control_stream:
    category = "Remote Control stream";
    break;
  default:
    category = "Unexpected stream code";
    break;
  }
  return category;
}

void handle_record_2(rtsp_conn_info *conn, __attribute((unused)) rtsp_message *req,
                     rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(2, "Connection %d: RECORD on %s", conn->connection_number,
        get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
  // debug_log_rtsp_message(1, "RECORD incoming message", req);
  resp->respcode = 200;
}

void handle_record(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(2, "Connection %d: RECORD", conn->connection_number);
  if (have_play_lock(conn)) {
    if (conn->player_thread)
      warn("Connection %d: RECORD: Duplicate RECORD message -- ignored", conn->connection_number);
    else {
      debug(1, "Connection %d: Classic AirPlay connection from %s:%u to self at %s:%u.",
            conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port,
            conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
      activity_monitor_signify_activity(1);
      player_prepare_to_play(conn);
      player_play(conn); // the thread better be 0
    }

    resp->respcode = 200;
    // I think this is for telling the client what the absolute minimum latency
    // actually is,
    // and when the client specifies a latency, it should be added to this figure.

    // Thus, [the old version of] AirPlay's latency figure of 77175, when added to 11025 gives you
    // exactly 88200
    // and iTunes' latency figure of 88553, when added to 11025 gives you 99578,
    // pretty close to the 99400 we guessed.

    msg_add_header(resp, "Audio-Latency", "11025");

    char *p;
    uint32_t rtptime = 0;
    char *hdr = msg_get_header(req, "RTP-Info");

    if (hdr) {
      // debug(1,"FLUSH message received: \"%s\".",hdr);
      // get the rtp timestamp
      p = strstr(hdr, "rtptime=");
      if (p) {
        p = strchr(p, '=');
        if (p) {
          rtptime = uatoi(p + 1); // unsigned integer -- up to 2^32-1
          // rtptime--;
          // debug(1,"RTSP Flush Requested by handle_record: %u.",rtptime);
          player_flush(rtptime, conn);
        }
      }
    }
  } else {
    warn("Connection %d RECORD received without having the player (no ANNOUNCE?)",
         conn->connection_number);
    resp->respcode = 451;
  }
}

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2


void handle_get_info(__attribute((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                     rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "GET /info:", req);
  if (rtsp_message_contains_plist(req)) { // it's stage one
    // get version of AirPlay -- it might be too old. Not using it yet.
    char *hdr = msg_get_header(req, "User-Agent");
    if (hdr) {
      if (strstr(hdr, "AirPlay/") == hdr) {
        hdr = hdr + strlen("AirPlay/");
        // double airplay_version = 0.0;
        // airplay_version = atof(hdr);
        debug(2, "Connection %d: GET_INFO: Source AirPlay Version is: %s.", conn->connection_number,
              hdr);
      }
    }
    plist_t info_plist = NULL;
    plist_from_memory(req->content, req->contentlength, &info_plist);

    plist_t qualifier = plist_dict_get_item(info_plist, "qualifier");
    if (qualifier == NULL) {
      debug(1, "GET /info Stage 1: plist->qualifier was NULL");
      goto user_fail;
    }
    if (plist_array_get_size(qualifier) < 1) {
      debug(1, "GET /info Stage 1: plist->qualifier array length < 1");
      goto user_fail;
    }
    plist_t qualifier_array_value = plist_array_get_item(qualifier, 0);
    char *qualifier_array_val_cstr;
    plist_get_string_val(qualifier_array_value, &qualifier_array_val_cstr);
    if (qualifier_array_val_cstr == NULL) {
      debug(1, "GET /info Stage 1: first item in qualifier array not a string");
      goto user_fail;
    }
    debug(2, "GET /info Stage 1: qualifier: %s", qualifier_array_val_cstr);
    plist_free(info_plist);
    free(qualifier_array_val_cstr);

    // uint8_t bt_addr[6] = {0xB8, 0x27, 0xEB, 0xB7, 0xD4, 0x0E};
    plist_t response_plist = NULL;
    plist_from_xml((const char *)plists_get_info_response_xml, plists_get_info_response_xml_len,
                   &response_plist);
    if (response_plist == NULL) {
      debug(1, "GET /info Stage 1: response plist not created from XML!");
    } else {
      void *qualifier_response_data = NULL;
      size_t qualifier_response_data_length = 0;
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("acl=0", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc(deviceIdString, &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc(featuresString, &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("rsf=0x0", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("flags=0x4", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("model=Shairport Sync", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("manufacturer=", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("serialNumber=", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("protovers=1.1", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("srcvers=366.0", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc(piString, &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc(gidString, &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc("gcgl=0", &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      snprintf(pkString, sizeof(pkString), "pk=");
      pkString_make(pkString + strlen("pk="), sizeof(pkString) - strlen("pk="),
                    config.airplay_device_id);
      if (add_pstring_to_malloc(pkString, &qualifier_response_data,
                                &qualifier_response_data_length) == 0)
        debug(1, "Problem");
      // debug(1,"qualifier_response_data_length: %u.", qualifier_response_data_length);

      plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "txtAirPlay",
                          plist_new_data(qualifier_response_data, qualifier_response_data_length));

      plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "features", plist_new_uint(config.airplay_features));
      plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "statusFlags",
                          plist_new_uint(config.airplay_statusflags));
      plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "deviceID", plist_new_string(config.airplay_device_id));
      plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "pi", plist_new_string(config.airplay_pi));
      plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "name", plist_new_string(config.service_name));
      char *vs = get_version_string();
      //      plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "model", plist_new_string(vs));
      plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "model", plist_new_string("Shairport Sync"));
      free(vs);
      // pkString_make(pkString, sizeof(pkString), config.airplay_device_id);
      // plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "pk", plist_new_string(pkString));
      plist_to_bin(response_plist, &resp->content, &resp->contentlength);
      if (resp->contentlength == 0)
        debug(1, "GET /info Stage 1: response bplist not created!");
      plist_free(response_plist);
      free(qualifier_response_data);
    }
    msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/x-apple-binary-plist");
    debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "GET /info Stage 1 Response:", resp);
    resp->respcode = 200;
    return;

  user_fail:
    resp->respcode = 400;
    return;
  } else { // stage two
    plist_t response_plist = NULL;
    plist_from_xml((const char *)plists_get_info_response_xml, plists_get_info_response_xml_len,
                   &response_plist);
    plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "features", plist_new_uint(config.airplay_features));
    plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "statusFlags", plist_new_uint(config.airplay_statusflags));
    plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "deviceID", plist_new_string(config.airplay_device_id));
    plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "pi", plist_new_string(config.airplay_pi));
    plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "name", plist_new_string(config.service_name));
    char *vs = get_version_string();
    // plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "model", plist_new_string(vs));
    plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "model", plist_new_string("Shairport Sync"));
    free(vs);
    // pkString_make(pkString, sizeof(pkString), config.airplay_device_id);
    // plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "pk", plist_new_string(pkString));
    plist_to_bin(response_plist, &resp->content, &resp->contentlength);
    plist_free(response_plist);
    msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/x-apple-binary-plist");
    debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "GET /info Stage 2 Response", resp);
    resp->respcode = 200;
    return;
  }
}

void handle_flushbuffered(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(3, "Connection %d: FLUSHBUFFERED %s : Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number,
        req->path, req->contentlength);
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "FLUSHBUFFERED request", req);

  uint64_t flushFromSeq = 0;
  uint64_t flushFromTS = 0;
  uint64_t flushUntilSeq = 0;
  uint64_t flushUntilTS = 0;
  int flushFromValid = 0;
  plist_t messagePlist = plist_from_rtsp_content(req);
  plist_t item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "flushFromSeq");
  if (item == NULL) {
    debug(2, "Can't find a flushFromSeq");
  } else {
    flushFromValid = 1;
    plist_get_uint_val(item, &flushFromSeq);
    debug(2, "flushFromSeq is %" PRId64 ".", flushFromSeq);
  }

  item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "flushFromTS");
  if (item == NULL) {
    if (flushFromValid != 0)
      debug(1, "flushFromSeq without flushFromTS!");
    else
      debug(2, "Can't find a flushFromTS");
  } else {
    plist_get_uint_val(item, &flushFromTS);
    if (flushFromValid == 0)
      debug(1, "flushFromTS without flushFromSeq!");
    debug(2, "flushFromTS is %" PRId64 ".", flushFromTS);
  }

  item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "flushUntilSeq");
  if (item == NULL) {
    debug(1, "Can't find the flushUntilSeq");
  } else {
    plist_get_uint_val(item, &flushUntilSeq);
    debug(2, "flushUntilSeq is %" PRId64 ".", flushUntilSeq);
  }

  item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "flushUntilTS");
  if (item == NULL) {
    debug(1, "Can't find the flushUntilTS");
  } else {
    plist_get_uint_val(item, &flushUntilTS);
    debug(2, "flushUntilTS is %" PRId64 ".", flushUntilTS);
  }

  debug_mutex_lock(&conn->flush_mutex, 1000, 1);
  // a flush with from... components will not be followed by a setanchor (i.e. a play)
  // if it's a flush that will be followed by a setanchor (i.e. a play) then stop play now.
  if (flushFromValid == 0)
    conn->ap2_play_enabled = 0;

  // add the exact request as made to the linked list (not used for anything but diagnostics now)
  // int flushNow = 0;
  // if (flushFromValid == 0)
  //  flushNow = 1;
  // add_flush_request(flushNow, flushFromSeq, flushFromTS, flushUntilSeq, flushUntilTS, conn);

  // now, if it's an immediate flush, replace the existing request, if any
  // but it if's a deferred flush and there is an existing deferred request,
  // only update the flushUntil stuff -- that seems to preserve
  // the intended semantics

  // so, always replace these
  conn->ap2_flush_until_sequence_number = flushUntilSeq;
  conn->ap2_flush_until_rtp_timestamp = flushUntilTS;

  if ((conn->ap2_flush_requested != 0) && (conn->ap2_flush_from_valid != 0) &&
      (flushFromValid != 0)) {
    // if there is a request already, and it's a deferred request, and the current request is also
    // deferred... do nothing! -- leave the starting point in place. Yeah, yeah, we know de Morgan's
    // Law, but this seems clearer
  } else {
    conn->ap2_flush_from_sequence_number = flushFromSeq;
    conn->ap2_flush_from_rtp_timestamp = flushFromTS;
  }

  conn->ap2_flush_from_valid = flushFromValid;
  conn->ap2_flush_requested = 1;

  // reflect the possibly updated flush request
  // add_flush_request(flushNow, conn->ap2_flush_from_sequence_number,
  // conn->ap2_flush_from_rtp_timestamp, conn->ap2_flush_until_sequence_number,
  // conn->ap2_flush_until_rtp_timestamp, conn);

  debug_mutex_unlock(&conn->flush_mutex, 3);

  if (flushFromValid)
    debug(2, "Deferred Flush Requested");
  else
    debug(2, "Immediate Flush Requested");

  // display_all_flush_requests(conn);

  resp->respcode = 200;
}

void handle_setrate(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(3, "Connection %d: SETRATE %s : Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number, req->path,
        req->contentlength);
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "SETRATE request -- unimplemented", req);
  resp->respcode = 501; // Not Implemented
}

void handle_unimplemented_ap1(__attribute((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                              rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug_log_rtsp_message(1, "request not recognised for AirPlay 1 operation", req);
  resp->respcode = 501;
}

void handle_setrateanchori(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(3, "Connection %d: SETRATEANCHORI %s :: Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number,
        req->path, req->contentlength);

  plist_t messagePlist = plist_from_rtsp_content(req);

  if (messagePlist != NULL) {
    pthread_cleanup_push(plist_cleanup, (void *)messagePlist);
    plist_t item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "networkTimeSecs");
    if (item != NULL) {
      plist_t item_2 = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "networkTimeTimelineID");
      if (item_2 == NULL) {
        debug(1, "Can't identify the Clock ID of the player.");
      } else {
        uint64_t nid;
        plist_get_uint_val(item_2, &nid);
        debug(2, "networkTimeTimelineID \"%" PRIx64 "\".", nid);
        conn->networkTimeTimelineID = nid;
      }
      uint64_t networkTimeSecs;
      plist_get_uint_val(item, &networkTimeSecs);
      debug(2, "anchor networkTimeSecs is %" PRIu64 ".", networkTimeSecs);

      item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "networkTimeFrac");
      uint64_t networkTimeFrac;
      plist_get_uint_val(item, &networkTimeFrac);
      debug(2, "anchor networkTimeFrac is 0%" PRIu64 ".", networkTimeFrac);
      // it looks like the networkTimeFrac is a fraction where the msb is work 1/2, the
      // next 1/4 and so on
      // now, convert the network time and fraction into nanoseconds
      networkTimeFrac = networkTimeFrac >> 32; // reduce precision to about 1/4 nanosecond
      networkTimeFrac = networkTimeFrac * 1000000000;
      networkTimeFrac = networkTimeFrac >> 32; // we should now be left with the ns

      networkTimeSecs = networkTimeSecs * 1000000000; // turn the whole seconds into ns
      uint64_t anchorTimeNanoseconds = networkTimeSecs + networkTimeFrac;

      debug(2, "anchorTimeNanoseconds looks like %" PRIu64 ".", anchorTimeNanoseconds);

      item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "rtpTime");
      uint64_t rtpTime;

      plist_get_uint_val(item, &rtpTime);
      // debug(1, "anchor rtpTime is %" PRId64 ".", rtpTime);
      uint32_t anchorRTPTime = rtpTime;

      int32_t added_latency = (int32_t)(config.audio_backend_latency_offset * conn->input_rate);
      // debug(1,"anchorRTPTime: %" PRIu32 ", added latency: %" PRId32 ".", anchorRTPTime,
      // added_latency);
      set_ptp_anchor_info(conn, conn->networkTimeTimelineID, anchorRTPTime - added_latency,
                          anchorTimeNanoseconds);
    }

    item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "rate");
    if (item != NULL) {
      uint64_t rate;
      plist_get_uint_val(item, &rate);
      debug(3, "anchor rate 0x%016" PRIx64 ".", rate);
      debug_mutex_lock(&conn->flush_mutex, 1000, 1);
      pthread_cleanup_push(mutex_unlock, &conn->flush_mutex);
      conn->ap2_rate = rate;
      if ((rate & 1) != 0) {
        debug(2, "Connection %d: Start playing, with anchor clock %" PRIx64 ".",
              conn->connection_number, conn->networkTimeTimelineID);
        activity_monitor_signify_activity(1);
        conn->ap2_play_enabled = 1;
      } else {
        debug(2, "Connection %d: Stop playing.", conn->connection_number);
        activity_monitor_signify_activity(0);
        conn->ap2_play_enabled = 0;
        reset_anchor_info(conn);
      }
      pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // unlock the conn->flush_mutex
    }
    pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // plist_free the messagePlist;
  } else {
    debug(1, "missing plist!");
  }
  resp->respcode = 200;
}

void handle_get(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(2, "Connection %d: GET %s :: Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number, req->path,
        req->contentlength);
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "GET request", req);
  if (strcmp(req->path, "/info") == 0) {
    handle_get_info(conn, req, resp);
  } else {
    debug(1, "Unhandled GET, path \"%s\".", req->path);
    resp->respcode = 501; // Not Implemented
  }
}

#else
void handle_get(__attribute((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn, __attribute((unused)) rtsp_message *req,
                __attribute((unused)) rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(1, "Connection %d: GET %s Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number, req->path,
        req->contentlength);
  resp->respcode = 500;
}

void handle_post(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                 __attribute((unused)) rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(1, "Connection %d: POST %s Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number, req->path,
        req->contentlength);
  resp->respcode = 500;
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
struct pairings {
  char device_id[PAIR_AP_DEVICE_ID_LEN_MAX];
  uint8_t public_key[32];

  struct pairings *next;
} * pairings;

static struct pairings *pairing_find(const char *device_id) {
  for (struct pairings *pairing = pairings; pairing; pairing = pairing->next) {
    if (strcmp(device_id, pairing->device_id) == 0)
      return pairing;
  }
  return NULL;
}

static void pairing_add(uint8_t public_key[32], const char *device_id) {
  struct pairings *pairing = calloc(1, sizeof(struct pairings));
  snprintf(pairing->device_id, sizeof(pairing->device_id), "%s", device_id);
  memcpy(pairing->public_key, public_key, sizeof(pairing->public_key));

  pairing->next = pairings;
  pairings = pairing;
}

static void pairing_remove(struct pairings *pairing) {
  if (pairing == pairings) {
    pairings = pairing->next;
  } else {
    struct pairings *iter;
    for (iter = pairings; iter && (iter->next != pairing); iter = iter->next)
      ; /* EMPTY */

    if (iter)
      iter->next = pairing->next;
  }

  free(pairing);
}

static int pairing_add_cb(uint8_t public_key[32], const char *device_id,
                          void *cb_arg __attribute__((unused))) {
  debug(1, "pair-add cb for %s", device_id);

  struct pairings *pairing = pairing_find(device_id);
  if (pairing) {
    memcpy(pairing->public_key, public_key, sizeof(pairing->public_key));
    return 0;
  }

  pairing_add(public_key, device_id);
  return 0;
}

static int pairing_remove_cb(uint8_t public_key[32] __attribute__((unused)), const char *device_id,
                             void *cb_arg __attribute__((unused))) {
  debug(1, "pair-remove cb for %s", device_id);

  struct pairings *pairing = pairing_find(device_id);
  if (!pairing) {
    debug(1, "pair-remove callback for unknown device");
    return -1;
  }

  pairing_remove(pairing);
  return 0;
}

static void pairing_list_cb(pair_cb enum_cb, void *enum_cb_arg,
                            void *cb_arg __attribute__((unused))) {
  debug(2, "pair-list cb");

  for (struct pairings *pairing = pairings; pairing; pairing = pairing->next) {
    enum_cb(pairing->public_key, pairing->device_id, enum_cb_arg);
  }
}

void handle_pair_add(rtsp_conn_info *conn __attribute__((unused)), rtsp_message *req,
                     rtsp_message *resp) {
  uint8_t *body = NULL;
  size_t body_len = 0;
  int ret = pair_add(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, &body, &body_len, pairing_add_cb, NULL,
                     (const uint8_t *)req->content, req->contentlength);
  if (ret < 0) {
    debug(1, "pair-add returned an error");
    resp->respcode = 451;
    return;
  }
  resp->content = (char *)body; // these will be freed when the data is sent
  resp->contentlength = body_len;
  msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "pair-add response", resp);
}

void handle_pair_list(rtsp_conn_info *conn __attribute__((unused)), rtsp_message *req,
                      rtsp_message *resp) {
  uint8_t *body = NULL;
  size_t body_len = 0;
  int ret = pair_list(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, &body, &body_len, pairing_list_cb, NULL,
                      (const uint8_t *)req->content, req->contentlength);
  if (ret < 0) {
    debug(1, "pair-list returned an error");
    resp->respcode = 451;
    return;
  }
  resp->content = (char *)body; // these will be freed when the data is sent
  resp->contentlength = body_len;
  msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "pair-list response", resp);
}

void handle_pair_remove(rtsp_conn_info *conn __attribute__((unused)), rtsp_message *req,
                        rtsp_message *resp) {
  uint8_t *body = NULL;
  size_t body_len = 0;
  int ret = pair_remove(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, &body, &body_len, pairing_remove_cb, NULL,
                        (const uint8_t *)req->content, req->contentlength);
  if (ret < 0) {
    debug(1, "pair-remove returned an error");
    resp->respcode = 451;
    return;
  }
  resp->content = (char *)body; // these will be freed when the data is sent
  resp->contentlength = body_len;
  msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "pair-remove response", resp);
}

void handle_pair_verify(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  int ret;
  uint8_t *body = NULL;
  size_t body_len = 0;
  struct pair_result *result;
  debug(2, "Connection %d: pair-verify Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number,
        req->contentlength);

  if (!conn->ap2_pairing_context.verify_ctx) {
    conn->ap2_pairing_context.verify_ctx =
        pair_verify_new(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, NULL, NULL, NULL, config.airplay_device_id);
    if (!conn->ap2_pairing_context.verify_ctx) {
      debug(1, "Error creating verify context");
      resp->respcode = 500; // Internal Server Error
      goto out;
    }
  }

  ret = pair_verify(&body, &body_len, conn->ap2_pairing_context.verify_ctx,
                    (const uint8_t *)req->content, req->contentlength);
  if (ret < 0) {
    debug(1, pair_verify_errmsg(conn->ap2_pairing_context.verify_ctx));
    resp->respcode = 470; // Connection Authorization Required
    goto out;
  }

  ret = pair_verify_result(&result, conn->ap2_pairing_context.verify_ctx);
  if (ret == 0 && result->shared_secret_len > 0) {
    conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.cipher_ctx =
        pair_cipher_new(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, 2, result->shared_secret, result->shared_secret_len);
    if (!conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.cipher_ctx) {
      debug(1, "Error setting up rtsp control channel ciphering\n");
      goto out;
    }
  }

out:
  resp->content = (char *)body; // these will be freed when the data is sent
  resp->contentlength = body_len;
  if (body)
    msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "pair-verify response", resp);
}

void handle_pair_setup(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  int ret;
  uint8_t *body = NULL;
  size_t body_len = 0;
  struct pair_result *result;
  debug(2, "Connection %d: pair-setup Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number,
        req->contentlength);

  if (!conn->ap2_pairing_context.setup_ctx) {
    conn->ap2_pairing_context.setup_ctx = pair_setup_new(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, config.airplay_pin,
                                                         NULL, NULL, config.airplay_device_id);
    if (!conn->ap2_pairing_context.setup_ctx) {
      debug(1, "Error creating setup context");
      resp->respcode = 500; // Internal Server Error
      goto out;
    }
  }

  ret = pair_setup(&body, &body_len, conn->ap2_pairing_context.setup_ctx,
                   (const uint8_t *)req->content, req->contentlength);
  if (ret < 0) {
    debug(1, pair_setup_errmsg(conn->ap2_pairing_context.setup_ctx));
    resp->respcode = 470; // Connection Authorization Required
    goto out;
  }

  ret = pair_setup_result(NULL, &result, conn->ap2_pairing_context.setup_ctx);
  if (ret == 0 && result->shared_secret_len > 0) {
    // Transient pairing completed (pair-setup step 2), prepare encryption, but
    // don't activate yet, the response to this request is still plaintext
    conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.cipher_ctx =
        pair_cipher_new(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, 2, result->shared_secret, result->shared_secret_len);
    if (!conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.cipher_ctx) {
      debug(1, "Error setting up rtsp control channel ciphering\n");
      goto out;
    }
  }

out:
  resp->content = (char *)body; // these will be freed when the data is sent
  resp->contentlength = body_len;
  if (body)
    msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "pair-setup response", resp);
}

void handle_fp_setup(__attribute__((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                     rtsp_message *resp) {

  /* Fairplay magic */
  static uint8_t server_fp_reply1[] =
      "\x46\x50\x4c\x59\x03\x01\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x82\x02\x00\x0f\x9f\x3f\x9e\x0a"
      "\x25\x21\xdb\xdf\x31\x2a\xb2\xbf\xb2\x9e\x8d\x23\x2b\x63\x76\xa8\xc8\x18\x70"
      "\x1d\x22\xae\x93\xd8\x27\x37\xfe\xaf\x9d\xb4\xfd\xf4\x1c\x2d\xba\x9d\x1f\x49"
      "\xca\xaa\xbf\x65\x91\xac\x1f\x7b\xc6\xf7\xe0\x66\x3d\x21\xaf\xe0\x15\x65\x95"
      "\x3e\xab\x81\xf4\x18\xce\xed\x09\x5a\xdb\x7c\x3d\x0e\x25\x49\x09\xa7\x98\x31"
      "\xd4\x9c\x39\x82\x97\x34\x34\xfa\xcb\x42\xc6\x3a\x1c\xd9\x11\xa6\xfe\x94\x1a"
      "\x8a\x6d\x4a\x74\x3b\x46\xc3\xa7\x64\x9e\x44\xc7\x89\x55\xe4\x9d\x81\x55\x00"
      "\x95\x49\xc4\xe2\xf7\xa3\xf6\xd5\xba";
  static uint8_t server_fp_reply2[] =
      "\x46\x50\x4c\x59\x03\x01\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x82\x02\x01\xcf\x32\xa2\x57\x14"
      "\xb2\x52\x4f\x8a\xa0\xad\x7a\xf1\x64\xe3\x7b\xcf\x44\x24\xe2\x00\x04\x7e\xfc"
      "\x0a\xd6\x7a\xfc\xd9\x5d\xed\x1c\x27\x30\xbb\x59\x1b\x96\x2e\xd6\x3a\x9c\x4d"
      "\xed\x88\xba\x8f\xc7\x8d\xe6\x4d\x91\xcc\xfd\x5c\x7b\x56\xda\x88\xe3\x1f\x5c"
      "\xce\xaf\xc7\x43\x19\x95\xa0\x16\x65\xa5\x4e\x19\x39\xd2\x5b\x94\xdb\x64\xb9"
      "\xe4\x5d\x8d\x06\x3e\x1e\x6a\xf0\x7e\x96\x56\x16\x2b\x0e\xfa\x40\x42\x75\xea"
      "\x5a\x44\xd9\x59\x1c\x72\x56\xb9\xfb\xe6\x51\x38\x98\xb8\x02\x27\x72\x19\x88"
      "\x57\x16\x50\x94\x2a\xd9\x46\x68\x8a";
  static uint8_t server_fp_reply3[] =
      "\x46\x50\x4c\x59\x03\x01\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x82\x02\x02\xc1\x69\xa3\x52\xee"
      "\xed\x35\xb1\x8c\xdd\x9c\x58\xd6\x4f\x16\xc1\x51\x9a\x89\xeb\x53\x17\xbd\x0d"
      "\x43\x36\xcd\x68\xf6\x38\xff\x9d\x01\x6a\x5b\x52\xb7\xfa\x92\x16\xb2\xb6\x54"
      "\x82\xc7\x84\x44\x11\x81\x21\xa2\xc7\xfe\xd8\x3d\xb7\x11\x9e\x91\x82\xaa\xd7"
      "\xd1\x8c\x70\x63\xe2\xa4\x57\x55\x59\x10\xaf\x9e\x0e\xfc\x76\x34\x7d\x16\x40"
      "\x43\x80\x7f\x58\x1e\xe4\xfb\xe4\x2c\xa9\xde\xdc\x1b\x5e\xb2\xa3\xaa\x3d\x2e"
      "\xcd\x59\xe7\xee\xe7\x0b\x36\x29\xf2\x2a\xfd\x16\x1d\x87\x73\x53\xdd\xb9\x9a"
      "\xdc\x8e\x07\x00\x6e\x56\xf8\x50\xce";
  static uint8_t server_fp_reply4[] =
      "\x46\x50\x4c\x59\x03\x01\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x82\x02\x03\x90\x01\xe1\x72\x7e"
      "\x0f\x57\xf9\xf5\x88\x0d\xb1\x04\xa6\x25\x7a\x23\xf5\xcf\xff\x1a\xbb\xe1\xe9"
      "\x30\x45\x25\x1a\xfb\x97\xeb\x9f\xc0\x01\x1e\xbe\x0f\x3a\x81\xdf\x5b\x69\x1d"
      "\x76\xac\xb2\xf7\xa5\xc7\x08\xe3\xd3\x28\xf5\x6b\xb3\x9d\xbd\xe5\xf2\x9c\x8a"
      "\x17\xf4\x81\x48\x7e\x3a\xe8\x63\xc6\x78\x32\x54\x22\xe6\xf7\x8e\x16\x6d\x18"
      "\xaa\x7f\xd6\x36\x25\x8b\xce\x28\x72\x6f\x66\x1f\x73\x88\x93\xce\x44\x31\x1e"
      "\x4b\xe6\xc0\x53\x51\x93\xe5\xef\x72\xe8\x68\x62\x33\x72\x9c\x22\x7d\x82\x0c"
      "\x99\x94\x45\xd8\x92\x46\xc8\xc3\x59";

  static uint8_t server_fp_header[] = "\x46\x50\x4c\x59\x03\x01\x04\x00\x00\x00\x00\x14";

  resp->respcode = 200; // assume it's handled

  // uint8_t *out;
  // size_t out_len;
  int version_pos = 4;
  int mode_pos = 14;
  int type_pos = 5;
  int seq_pos = 6;
  int setup_message_type = 1;
  int setup1_message_seq = 1;
  int setup2_message_seq = 3;
  int setup2_suffix_len = 20;
  // int ret;

  // response and len are dummy values and can be ignored

  // debug(1, "Version: %02x, mode: %02x, type: %02x, seq: %02x", req->content[version_pos],
  //       req->content[mode_pos], req->content[type_pos], req->content[seq_pos]);

  if (req->content[version_pos] != 3 || req->content[type_pos] != setup_message_type) {
    debug(1, "Unsupported FP version.");
  }

  char *response = NULL;
  size_t len = 0;

  if (req->content[seq_pos] == setup1_message_seq) {
    // All replies are the same length. -1 to account for the NUL byte at the end.
    len = sizeof(server_fp_reply1) - 1;

    if (req->content[mode_pos] == 0)
      response = memdup(server_fp_reply1, len);
    if (req->content[mode_pos] == 1)
      response = memdup(server_fp_reply2, len);
    if (req->content[mode_pos] == 2)
      response = memdup(server_fp_reply3, len);
    if (req->content[mode_pos] == 3)
      response = memdup(server_fp_reply4, len);

  } else if (req->content[seq_pos] == setup2_message_seq) {
    // -1 to account for the NUL byte at the end.
    len = sizeof(server_fp_header) - 1 + setup2_suffix_len;
    response = malloc(len);
    if (response) {
      memcpy(response, server_fp_header, sizeof(server_fp_header) - 1);
      memcpy(response + sizeof(server_fp_header) - 1,
             req->content + req->contentlength - setup2_suffix_len, setup2_suffix_len);
    }
  }

  if (response == NULL) {
    debug(1, "Cannot create a response.");
  }

  resp->content = response; // these will be freed when the data is sent
  resp->contentlength = len;
  msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
}

/*
        <key>Identifier</key>
        <string>21cc689d-d5de-4814-872c-71d1426b57e0</string>
        <key>Enable_HK_Access_Control</key>
        <true/>
        <key>PublicKey</key>
        <data>
        qXJDhhL5F3OACL+HO7LVLQVdy0OJtavepjpF720PaOQ=
        </data>
        <key>Device_Name</key>
        <string>MyDevice</string>
        <key>Access_Control_Level</key>
        <integer>0</integer>
*/
void handle_configure(rtsp_conn_info *conn __attribute__((unused)),
                      rtsp_message *req __attribute__((unused)), rtsp_message *resp) {
  uint8_t public_key[32];

  pair_public_key_get(PAIR_SERVER_HOMEKIT, public_key, config.airplay_device_id);

  plist_t response_plist = plist_new_dict();

  plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "Identifier", plist_new_string(config.airplay_pi));
  plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "Enable_HK_Access_Control", plist_new_bool(1));
  plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "PublicKey",
                      plist_new_data((const char *)public_key, sizeof(public_key)));
  plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "Device_Name", plist_new_string(config.service_name));
  plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "Access_Control_Level", plist_new_uint(0));

  plist_to_bin(response_plist, &resp->content, &resp->contentlength);
  plist_free(response_plist);

  msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/x-apple-binary-plist");
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "POST /configure response:", resp);
}

void handle_feedback(rtsp_conn_info *conn, __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *req,
                     __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(2, "Connection %d: POST %s Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number, req->path,
        req->contentlength);
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, NULL, req);
  if (conn->airplay_stream_category == remote_control_stream) {
    plist_t array_plist = plist_new_array();

    plist_t response_plist = plist_new_dict();
    plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "streams", array_plist);

    plist_to_bin(response_plist, &resp->content, &resp->contentlength);
    plist_free(response_plist);

    msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/x-apple-binary-plist");
    debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "FEEDBACK response (remote_control_stream):", resp);
  }

  /* not finished yet
  plist_t payload_plist = plist_new_dict();
  plist_dict_set_item(payload_plist, "type", plist_new_uint(103));
  plist_dict_set_item(payload_plist, "sr", plist_new_real(44100.0));

  plist_t array_plist = plist_new_array();
  plist_array_append_item(array_plist, payload_plist);

  plist_t response_plist = plist_new_dict();
  plist_dict_set_item(response_plist, "streams",array_plist);

  plist_to_bin(response_plist, &resp->content, &resp->contentlength);
  plist_free(response_plist);
  // plist_free(array_plist);
  // plist_free(payload_plist);

  msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/x-apple-binary-plist");
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "FEEDBACK response:", resp);
  */
}

void handle_command(__attribute__((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                    __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(2, "Connection %d: POST %s Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number, req->path,
        req->contentlength);
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, NULL, req);
  if (rtsp_message_contains_plist(req)) {
    plist_t command_dict = NULL;
    plist_from_memory(req->content, req->contentlength, &command_dict);
    if (command_dict != NULL) {
      // we have a plist -- try to get the dict item keyed to "updateMRSupportedCommands"
      plist_t item = plist_dict_get_item(command_dict, "type");
      if (item != NULL) {
        char *typeValue = NULL;
        plist_get_string_val(item, &typeValue);
        if ((typeValue != NULL) && (strcmp(typeValue, "updateMRSupportedCommands") == 0)) {
          item = plist_dict_get_item(command_dict, "params");
          if (item != NULL) {
            // the item should be a dict
            plist_t item_array = plist_dict_get_item(item, "mrSupportedCommandsFromSender");
            if (item_array != NULL) {
              // here we have an array of data items
              uint32_t items = plist_array_get_size(item_array);
              if (items) {
                uint32_t item_number;
                for (item_number = 0; item_number < items; item_number++) {
                  plist_t the_item = plist_array_get_item(item_array, item_number);
                  char *buff = NULL;
                  uint64_t length = 0;
                  plist_get_data_val(the_item, &buff, &length);
                  // debug(1,"Item %d, length: %" PRId64 " bytes", item_number, length);
                  if ((buff != NULL) && (length >= strlen("bplist00")) &&
                      (strstr(buff, "bplist00") == buff)) {
                    // debug(1,"Contains a plist.");
                    plist_t subsidiary_plist = NULL;
                    plist_from_memory(buff, length, &subsidiary_plist);
                    if (subsidiary_plist) {
                      char *printable_plist = plist_content(subsidiary_plist);
                      if (printable_plist) {
                        debug(3, "\n%s", printable_plist);
                        free(printable_plist);
                      } else {
                        debug(1, "Can't print the plist!");
                      }
                      // plist_free(subsidiary_plist);
                    } else {
                      debug(1, "Can't access the plist!");
                    }
                  }
                  if (buff != NULL)
                    free(buff);
                }
              }
            } else {
              debug(1, "POST /command no mrSupportedCommandsFromSender item.");
            }
          } else {
            debug(1, "POST /command no params dict.");
          }
          resp->respcode = 400; // say it's a bad request
        } else {
          debug(1,
                "POST /command plist type is \"%s\", but \"updateMRSupportedCommands\" expected.",
                typeValue);
        }
        if (typeValue != NULL)
          free(typeValue);
      } else {
        debug(2, "Could not find a \"type\" item.");
      }

      plist_free(command_dict);
    } else {
      debug(1, "POST /command plist cannot be inputted.");
    }
  } else {
    debug(1, "POST /command contains no plist");
  }
}

void handle_audio_mode(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                       __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(2, "Connection %d: POST %s Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number, req->path,
        req->contentlength);
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, NULL, req);
}

void handle_post(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  resp->respcode = 200;
  if (strcmp(req->path, "/pair-setup") == 0) {
    handle_pair_setup(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/pair-verify") == 0) {
    handle_pair_verify(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/pair-add") == 0) {
    handle_pair_add(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/pair-remove") == 0) {
    handle_pair_remove(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/pair-list") == 0) {
    handle_pair_list(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/fp-setup") == 0) {
    handle_fp_setup(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/configure") == 0) {
    handle_configure(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/feedback") == 0) {
    handle_feedback(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/command") == 0) {
    handle_command(conn, req, resp);
  } else if (strcmp(req->path, "/audioMode") == 0) {
    handle_audio_mode(conn, req, resp);
  } else {
    debug(1, "Connection %d: Unhandled POST %s Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number,
          req->path, req->contentlength);
    debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "POST request", req);
  }
}

void handle_setpeers(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(2, "Connection %d: SETPEERS %s Content-Length %d", conn->connection_number, req->path,
        req->contentlength);
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "SETPEERS request", req);
/*
  char timing_list_message[4096];
  timing_list_message[0] = 'T';
  timing_list_message[1] = 0;

  // ensure the client itself is first -- it's okay if it's duplicated later
  strncat(timing_list_message, " ", sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
  strncat(timing_list_message, (const char *)&conn->client_ip_string,
          sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));

  plist_t addresses_array = NULL;
  plist_from_memory(req->content, req->contentlength, &addresses_array);
  uint32_t items = plist_array_get_size(addresses_array);
  if (items) {
    uint32_t item;
    for (item = 0; item < items; item++) {
      plist_t n = plist_array_get_item(addresses_array, item);
      char *ip_address = NULL;
      plist_get_string_val(n, &ip_address);
      // debug(1,ip_address);
      strncat(timing_list_message, " ",
              sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
      strncat(timing_list_message, ip_address,
              sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
      if (ip_address != NULL)
        free(ip_address);
    }
    ptp_send_control_message_string(timing_list_message);
  }
  plist_free(addresses_array);
*/
  //set_client_as_ptp_clock(conn);
  resp->respcode = 200;
}
#endif

#ifndef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
void handle_options(rtsp_conn_info *conn, __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *req,
                    rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "OPTIONS request", req);
  debug(3, "Connection %d: OPTIONS", conn->connection_number);
  resp->respcode = 200;
  msg_add_header(resp, "Public",
                 "ANNOUNCE, SETUP, RECORD, "
                 "PAUSE, FLUSH, TEARDOWN, "
                 "OPTIONS, GET_PARAMETER, SET_PARAMETER");
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2

void handle_options(rtsp_conn_info *conn, __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *req,
                    rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "OPTIONS request", req);
  debug(3, "Connection %d: OPTIONS", conn->connection_number);
  resp->respcode = 200;
  msg_add_header(resp, "Public",
                 "ANNOUNCE, SETUP, RECORD, "
                 "PAUSE, FLUSH, FLUSHBUFFERED, TEARDOWN, "
                 "OPTIONS, POST, GET, PUT");
}

void teardown_phase_one(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  // this can be called more than once on the same connection --
  // by the player itself but also by the play session being killed
  if (conn->player_thread) {
    player_stop(conn);                    // this nulls the player_thread
    activity_monitor_signify_activity(0); // inactive, and should be after command_stop()
  }
  if (conn->session_key) {
    free(conn->session_key);
    conn->session_key = NULL;
  }
}

void teardown_phase_two(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  // we are being asked to disconnect
  // this can be called more than once on the same connection --
  // by the player itself but also by the play seesion being killed
  debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s connection.", conn->connection_number,
        get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
  if (conn->airplay_stream_category == remote_control_stream) {
    if (conn->rtp_data_thread) {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s Delete Data Thread.", conn->connection_number,
            get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
      pthread_cancel(*conn->rtp_data_thread);
      pthread_join(*conn->rtp_data_thread, NULL);
      free(conn->rtp_data_thread);
      conn->rtp_data_thread = NULL;
    }
    if (conn->data_socket) {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s Close Data Socket.", conn->connection_number,
            get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
      close(conn->data_socket);
      conn->data_socket = 0;
    }
  }

  if (conn->rtp_event_thread) {
    debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s Delete Event Thread.", conn->connection_number,
          get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
    pthread_cancel(*conn->rtp_event_thread);
    pthread_join(*conn->rtp_event_thread, NULL);
    free(conn->rtp_event_thread);
    conn->rtp_event_thread = NULL;
  }
  if (conn->event_socket) {
    debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s Close Event Socket.", conn->connection_number,
          get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
    close(conn->event_socket);
    conn->event_socket = 0;
  }

  // if we are closing a PTP stream only, do this
  if (conn->airplay_stream_category == ptp_stream) {
    if (conn->airplay_gid != NULL) {
      free(conn->airplay_gid);
      conn->airplay_gid = NULL;

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
      // this is here to ensure it's only performed once during a teardown of a ptp stream
      send_ssnc_metadata('disc', conn->client_ip_string, strlen(conn->client_ip_string), 1);
#endif
    }
    conn->groupContainsGroupLeader = 0;
    config.airplay_statusflags &= (0xffffffff - (1 << 11)); // DeviceSupportsRelay
    build_bonjour_strings(conn);
    debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN mdns_update on %s.", conn->connection_number,
          get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
    mdns_update(NULL, secondary_txt_records);
    if (conn->dacp_active_remote != NULL) {
      free(conn->dacp_active_remote);
      conn->dacp_active_remote = NULL;
    }
    release_play_lock(conn);
    clear_ptp_clock();
  }
}

void handle_teardown_2(rtsp_conn_info *conn, __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *req,
                       rtsp_message *resp) {

  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "TEARDOWN: ", req);
  // if (have_player(conn)) {
  resp->respcode = 200;
  msg_add_header(resp, "Connection", "close");

  plist_t messagePlist = plist_from_rtsp_content(req);
  if (messagePlist != NULL) {
    // now see if the incoming plist contains a "streams" array
    plist_t streams = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "streams");

    if (streams) {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s Close the stream.", conn->connection_number,
            get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
      // we are being asked to close a stream
      teardown_phase_one(conn);
      plist_free(streams);
      debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s Close the stream complete", conn->connection_number,
            get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
    } else {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s Close the connection.", conn->connection_number,
            get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
      teardown_phase_one(conn); // try to do phase one anyway
      teardown_phase_two(conn);
      debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN %s Close the connection complete", conn->connection_number,
            get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
    }
    //} else {
    //  warn("Connection %d TEARDOWN received without having the player (no ANNOUNCE?)",
    //       conn->connection_number);
    //  resp->respcode = 451;

    plist_free(messagePlist);
    resp->respcode = 200;
  } else {
    debug(1, "Connection %d: missing plist!", conn->connection_number);
    resp->respcode = 451; // don't know what to do here
  }
  // debug(1,"Bogus exit for valgrind -- remember to comment it out!.");
  // exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); //
}
#endif

void teardown(rtsp_conn_info *conn) {
  player_stop(conn);
  activity_monitor_signify_activity(0); // inactive, and should be after command_stop()
  if (conn->dacp_active_remote != NULL) {
    free(conn->dacp_active_remote);
    conn->dacp_active_remote = NULL;
  }
}

void handle_teardown(rtsp_conn_info *conn, __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *req,
                     rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "TEARDOWN request", req);
  debug(2, "Connection %d: TEARDOWN", conn->connection_number);
  if (have_play_lock(conn)) {
    debug(
        3,
        "TEARDOWN: synchronously terminating the player thread of RTSP conversation thread %d (2).",
        conn->connection_number);
    teardown(conn);
    release_play_lock(conn);
    resp->respcode = 200;
    msg_add_header(resp, "Connection", "close");
    debug(3, "TEARDOWN: successful termination of playing thread of RTSP conversation thread %d.",
          conn->connection_number);
  } else {
    warn("Connection %d TEARDOWN received without having the player (no ANNOUNCE?)",
         conn->connection_number);
    resp->respcode = 451;
  }
  // debug(1,"Bogus exit for valgrind -- remember to comment it out!.");
  // exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

void handle_flush(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "FLUSH request", req);
  debug(3, "Connection %d: FLUSH", conn->connection_number);
  char *p = NULL;
  uint32_t rtptime = 0;
  char *hdr = msg_get_header(req, "RTP-Info");

  if (hdr) {
    // debug(1,"FLUSH message received: \"%s\".",hdr);
    // get the rtp timestamp
    p = strstr(hdr, "rtptime=");
    if (p) {
      p = strchr(p, '=');
      if (p)
        rtptime = uatoi(p + 1); // unsigned integer -- up to 2^32-1
    }
  }
  debug(2, "RTSP Flush Requested: %u.", rtptime);
  if (have_play_lock(conn)) {
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
    if (p)
      send_metadata('ssnc', 'flsr', p + 1, strlen(p + 1), req, 1);
    else
      send_metadata('ssnc', 'flsr', NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
#endif

    player_flush(rtptime, conn); // will not crash even it there is no player thread.
    resp->respcode = 200;

  } else {
    warn("Connection %d FLUSH %u received without having the player", conn->connection_number,
         rtptime);
    resp->respcode = 451;
  }
}

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
static void check_and_send_plist_metadata(plist_t messagePlist, const char *plist_key,
                                          uint32_t metadata_code) {
  plist_t item = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, plist_key);
  if (item) {
    char *value;
    plist_get_string_val(item, &value);
    if (value != NULL) {
      send_metadata('ssnc', metadata_code, value, strlen(value), NULL, 0);
    }
  }
}
#endif

void handle_setup_2(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  int err;
  debug(2, "Connection %d: SETUP (AirPlay 2)", conn->connection_number);
  // debug_log_rtsp_message(1, "SETUP (AirPlay 2) SETUP incoming message", req);

  plist_t messagePlist = plist_from_rtsp_content(req);
  plist_t setupResponsePlist = plist_new_dict();
  resp->respcode = 400;
  
  // see if we can get a name for the client
  char *clientNameString = NULL;
  plist_t nameItem = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "name");
  if (nameItem != NULL) {
    plist_get_string_val(nameItem, &clientNameString);
  } else {
    clientNameString = strdup("<unknown>");
  }

  // see if the incoming plist contains a "streams" array
  plist_t streams = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "streams");
  if (streams == NULL) {
    // no "streams" plist, so it must (?) be an initial setup
    debug(2,
          "Connection %d SETUP: No \"streams\" array has been found -- create an event thread "
          "and open a TCP port.",
          conn->connection_number);
    conn->airplay_stream_category = unspecified_stream_category;
    // figure out what category of stream it is, by looking at the plist
    plist_t timingProtocol = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "timingProtocol");
    if (timingProtocol != NULL) {
      char *timingProtocolString = NULL;
      plist_get_string_val(timingProtocol, &timingProtocolString);
      if (timingProtocolString) {
        if (strcmp(timingProtocolString, "PTP") == 0) {
          debug(1, "Connection %d: AP2 PTP connection from %s:%u (\"%s\") to self at %s:%u.",
                conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port, clientNameString, 
                conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
          conn->airplay_stream_category = ptp_stream;
          conn->timing_type = ts_ptp;
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
          send_ssnc_metadata('conn', conn->client_ip_string, strlen(conn->client_ip_string),
                             1); // before disconnecting an existing play
#endif
          get_play_lock(conn, 1); // airplay 2 always allows interruption
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
          send_ssnc_metadata('clip', conn->client_ip_string, strlen(conn->client_ip_string), 1);
          send_ssnc_metadata('svip', conn->self_ip_string, strlen(conn->self_ip_string), 1);
#endif
        } else if (strcmp(timingProtocolString, "NTP") == 0) {
          debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP: NTP setup from %s:%u (\"%s\") to self at %s:%u.",
          conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port, clientNameString, 
                conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
          conn->airplay_stream_category = ntp_stream;
          conn->timing_type = ts_ntp;
        } else if (strcmp(timingProtocolString, "None") == 0) {
          debug(3, "Connection %d: SETUP: a \"None\" setup detected from %s:%u (\"%s\") to self at %s:%u.",
          conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port, clientNameString,
                conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
          // now check to see if it's got the "isRemoteControlOnly" item and check it's true
          plist_t isRemoteControlOnly = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "isRemoteControlOnly");
          if (isRemoteControlOnly != NULL) {
            uint8_t isRemoteControlOnlyBoolean = 0;
            plist_get_bool_val(isRemoteControlOnly, &isRemoteControlOnlyBoolean);
            if (isRemoteControlOnlyBoolean != 0) {
              debug(1, "Connection %d: Remote Control connection from %s:%u (\"%s\") to self at %s:%u.",
                conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port, clientNameString,
                conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
              conn->airplay_stream_category = remote_control_stream;
            } else {
              debug(1,
                    "Connection %d: SETUP: a \"None\" setup detected, with "
                    "\"isRemoteControlOnly\" item set to \"false\".",
                    conn->connection_number);
            }
          } else {
            debug(1,
                  "Connection %d: SETUP: a \"None\" setup detected, but no "
                  "\"isRemoteControlOnly\" item detected.",
                  conn->connection_number);
          }
        }

        // here, we know it's an initial setup and we know the kind of setup being requested
        // if it's a full service PTP stream, we get groupUUID, groupContainsGroupLeader and
        // timingPeerList
        if (conn->airplay_stream_category == ptp_stream) {
          if (ptp_shm_interface_open() !=
              0) // it should be open already, but just in case it isn't...
            die("Can not access the NQPTP service. Has it stopped running?");
          // clear_ptp_clock();
          debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "SETUP \"PTP\" message", req);
          plist_t groupUUID = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "groupUUID");
          if (groupUUID) {
            char *gid = NULL;
            plist_get_string_val(groupUUID, &gid);
            if (gid) {
              if (conn->airplay_gid)
                free(conn->airplay_gid);
              conn->airplay_gid = gid; // it'll be free'd later on...
            } else {
              debug(1, "Invalid groupUUID");
            }
          } else {
            debug(1, "No groupUUID in SETUP");
          }

          // now see if the group contains a group leader
          plist_t groupContainsGroupLeader =
              plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "groupContainsGroupLeader");
          if (groupContainsGroupLeader) {
            uint8_t value = 0;
            plist_get_bool_val(groupContainsGroupLeader, &value);
            conn->groupContainsGroupLeader = value;
            debug(2, "Updated groupContainsGroupLeader to %u", conn->groupContainsGroupLeader);
          } else {
            debug(1, "No groupContainsGroupLeader in SETUP");
          }

          char timing_list_message[4096];
          timing_list_message[0] = 'T';
          timing_list_message[1] = 0;

          // ensure the client itself is first -- it's okay if it's duplicated later
          strncat(timing_list_message, " ",
                  sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
          strncat(timing_list_message, (const char *)&conn->client_ip_string,
                  sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));

          plist_t timing_peer_info = plist_dict_get_item(messagePlist, "timingPeerInfo");
          if (timing_peer_info) {
            // first, get the incoming plist.
            plist_t addresses_array = plist_dict_get_item(timing_peer_info, "Addresses");
            if (addresses_array) {
              // iterate through the array of items
              uint32_t items = plist_array_get_size(addresses_array);
              if (items) {
                uint32_t item;
                for (item = 0; item < items; item++) {
                  plist_t n = plist_array_get_item(addresses_array, item);
                  char *ip_address = NULL;
                  plist_get_string_val(n, &ip_address);
                  // debug(1, "Timing peer: %s", ip_address);
                  strncat(timing_list_message, " ",
                          sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
                  strncat(timing_list_message, ip_address,
                          sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
                  free(ip_address);
                }
              } else {
                debug(1, "SETUP on Connection %d: No timingPeerInfo addresses in the array.",
                      conn->connection_number);
              }
            } else {
              debug(1, "SETUP on Connection %d: Can't find timingPeerInfo addresses",
                    conn->connection_number);
            }
            // make up the timing peer info list part of the response...
            // debug(1,"Create timingPeerInfoPlist");
            plist_t timingPeerInfoPlist = plist_new_dict();
            plist_t addresses = plist_new_array(); // to hold the device's interfaces
            plist_array_append_item(addresses, plist_new_string(conn->self_ip_string));
            //            debug(1,"self ip: \"%s\"", conn->self_ip_string);

            struct ifaddrs *addrs, *iap;
            getifaddrs(&addrs);
            for (iap = addrs; iap != NULL; iap = iap->ifa_next) {
              // debug(1, "Interface index %d, name: \"%s\"",if_nametoindex(iap->ifa_name),
              // iap->ifa_name);
              if ((iap->ifa_addr) && (iap->ifa_netmask) && (iap->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) &&
                  ((iap->ifa_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) == 0)) {
                char buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN + 1]; // +1 for a NUL
                memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
                if (iap->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
                  struct sockaddr_in6 *addr6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(iap->ifa_addr);
                  inet_ntop(AF_INET6, (void *)&addr6->sin6_addr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                  plist_array_append_item(addresses, plist_new_string(buf));
                  // debug(1, "Own address IPv6: %s", buf);

                  // strncat(timing_list_message, " ",
                  // sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
                  // strncat(timing_list_message, buf,
                  // sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));

                } else {
                  struct sockaddr_in *addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)(iap->ifa_addr);
                  inet_ntop(AF_INET, (void *)&addr->sin_addr, buf, sizeof(buf));
                  plist_array_append_item(addresses, plist_new_string(buf));
                  // debug(1, "Own address IPv4: %s", buf);

                  // strncat(timing_list_message, " ",
                  // sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
                  // strncat(timing_list_message, buf,
                  // sizeof(timing_list_message) - 1 - strlen(timing_list_message));
                }
              }
            }
            freeifaddrs(addrs);

            // debug(1,"initial timing peer command: \"%s\".", timing_list_message);
            //ptp_send_control_message_string(timing_list_message);
            set_client_as_ptp_clock(conn);
            plist_dict_set_item(timingPeerInfoPlist, "Addresses", addresses);
            plist_dict_set_item(timingPeerInfoPlist, "ID", plist_new_string(conn->self_ip_string));
            plist_dict_set_item(setupResponsePlist, "timingPeerInfo", timingPeerInfoPlist);
            // get a port to use as an event port
            // bind a new TCP port and get a socket
            conn->local_event_port = 0; // any port
            int err = bind_socket_and_port(SOCK_STREAM, conn->connection_ip_family,
                                           conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_scope_id,
                                           &conn->local_event_port, &conn->event_socket);
            if (err) {
              die("SETUP on Connection %d: Error %d: could not find a TCP port to use as an event "
                  "port",
                  conn->connection_number, err);
            }

            debug(2, "Connection %d: TCP PTP event port opened: %u.", conn->connection_number,
                  conn->local_event_port);

            if (conn->rtp_event_thread != NULL)
              debug(1, "previous rtp_event_thread allocation not freed, it seems.");
            conn->rtp_event_thread = malloc(sizeof(pthread_t));
            if (conn->rtp_event_thread == NULL)
              die("Couldn't allocate space for pthread_t");

            pthread_create(conn->rtp_event_thread, NULL, &rtp_event_receiver, (void *)conn);

            plist_dict_set_item(setupResponsePlist, "eventPort",
                                plist_new_uint(conn->local_event_port));
            plist_dict_set_item(setupResponsePlist, "timingPort", plist_new_uint(0)); // dummy
            cancel_all_RTSP_threads(unspecified_stream_category,
                                    conn->connection_number); // kill all the other listeners

            config.airplay_statusflags |= 1 << 11; // DeviceSupportsRelay
            build_bonjour_strings(conn);
            debug(2, "Connection %d: SETUP mdns_update on %s.", conn->connection_number,
                  get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
            mdns_update(NULL, secondary_txt_records);

            resp->respcode = 200;
          } else {
            debug(1, "SETUP on Connection %d: PTP setup -- no timingPeerInfo plist.",
                  conn->connection_number);
          }

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
          check_and_send_plist_metadata(messagePlist, "name", 'snam');
          check_and_send_plist_metadata(messagePlist, "deviceID", 'cdid');
          check_and_send_plist_metadata(messagePlist, "model", 'cmod');
          check_and_send_plist_metadata(messagePlist, "macAddress", 'cmac');
#endif
        } else if (conn->airplay_stream_category == ntp_stream) {
          debug(1, "SETUP on Connection %d: ntp stream handling is not implemented!",
                conn->connection_number, req);
          warn("Shairport Sync can not handle NTP streams.");
        } else if (conn->airplay_stream_category == remote_control_stream) {
          debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "SETUP (no stream) \"isRemoteControlOnly\" message", req);

          // get a port to use as an event port
          // bind a new TCP port and get a socket
          conn->local_event_port = 0; // any port
          int err = bind_socket_and_port(SOCK_STREAM, conn->connection_ip_family,
                                         conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_scope_id,
                                         &conn->local_event_port, &conn->event_socket);
          if (err) {
            die("SETUP on Connection %d: Error %d: could not find a TCP port to use as an event "
                "port",
                conn->connection_number, err);
          }

          debug(2, "Connection %d SETUP (RC): TCP Remote Control event port opened: %u.",
                conn->connection_number, conn->local_event_port);
          if (conn->rtp_event_thread != NULL)
            debug(1,
                  "Connection %d SETUP (RC): previous rtp_event_thread allocation not freed, it "
                  "seems.",
                  conn->connection_number);

          conn->rtp_event_thread = malloc(sizeof(pthread_t));
          if (conn->rtp_event_thread == NULL)
            die("Couldn't allocate space for pthread_t");
          pthread_create(conn->rtp_event_thread, NULL, &rtp_event_receiver, (void *)conn);
          plist_dict_set_item(setupResponsePlist, "eventPort",
                              plist_new_uint(conn->local_event_port));
          plist_dict_set_item(setupResponsePlist, "timingPort", plist_new_uint(0));
          cancel_all_RTSP_threads(
              remote_control_stream,
              conn->connection_number); // kill all the other remote control listeners
          resp->respcode = 200;
        } else {
          debug(1, "SETUP on Connection %d: an unrecognised \"%s\" setup detected.",
                conn->connection_number, timingProtocolString);
          warn("Shairport Sync can not handle streams of this type: \"%s\".", timingProtocolString);
        }
        free(timingProtocolString);
      } else {
        debug(1, "SETUP on Connection %d: Can't retrieve timingProtocol string in initial SETUP.",
              conn->connection_number);
      }
    } else {
      debug(1,
            "SETUP on Connection %d: Unrecognised SETUP incoming message from \"%s\": no "
            "timingProtocol or streams plist found.",
            conn->connection_number, (const char *)conn->client_ip_string);
      debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "Unrecognised SETUP incoming message.", req);
      warn("Unrecognised SETUP incoming message -- ignored.");
    }
  } else {
    debug(2, "Connection %d: SETUP on %s. A \"streams\" array has been found",
          conn->connection_number, get_category_string(conn->airplay_stream_category));
    if (conn->airplay_stream_category == ptp_stream) {
      // get stream[0]
      plist_t stream0 = plist_array_get_item(streams, 0);

      plist_t streams_array = plist_new_array(); // to hold the ports and stuff
      plist_t stream0dict = plist_new_dict();
      // more stuff
      // set up a UDP control stream and thread and a UDP or TCP audio stream and thread

      // bind a new UDP port and get a socket
      conn->local_ap2_control_port = 0; // any port
      err = bind_socket_and_port(SOCK_DGRAM, conn->connection_ip_family, conn->self_ip_string,
                                 conn->self_scope_id, &conn->local_ap2_control_port,
                                 &conn->ap2_control_socket);
      if (err) {
        die("Error %d: could not find a UDP port to use as an ap2_control port", err);
      }
      debug(2, "Connection %d: UDP control port opened: %u.", conn->connection_number,
            conn->local_ap2_control_port);

      pthread_create(&conn->rtp_ap2_control_thread, NULL, &rtp_ap2_control_receiver, (void *)conn);

      // get the session key

      plist_t item = plist_dict_get_item(stream0, "shk"); // session key
      uint64_t item_value = 0;
      plist_get_data_val(item, (char **)&conn->session_key, &item_value);

      // get the DACP-ID and Active Remote for remote control stuff

      char *ar = msg_get_header(req, "Active-Remote");
      if (ar) {
        debug(3, "Connection %d: SETUP AP2 -- Active-Remote string seen: \"%s\".",
              conn->connection_number, ar);
        // get the active remote
        if (conn->dacp_active_remote) // this is in case SETUP was previously called
          free(conn->dacp_active_remote);
        conn->dacp_active_remote = strdup(ar);
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
        send_metadata('ssnc', 'acre', ar, strlen(ar), req, 1);
#endif
      } else {
        debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP AP2 no Active-Remote information  the SETUP Record.",
              conn->connection_number);
        if (conn->dacp_active_remote) { // this is in case SETUP was previously called
          free(conn->dacp_active_remote);
          conn->dacp_active_remote = NULL;
        }
      }

      ar = msg_get_header(req, "DACP-ID");
      if (ar) {
        debug(3, "Connection %d: SETUP AP2 -- DACP-ID string seen: \"%s\".",
              conn->connection_number, ar);
        if (conn->dacp_id) // this is in case SETUP was previously called
          free(conn->dacp_id);
        conn->dacp_id = strdup(ar);
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
        send_metadata('ssnc', 'daid', ar, strlen(ar), req, 1);
#endif
      } else {
        debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP AP2 doesn't include DACP-ID string information.",
              conn->connection_number);
        if (conn->dacp_id) { // this is in case SETUP was previously called
          free(conn->dacp_id);
          conn->dacp_id = NULL;
        }
      }

      // now, get the type of the stream.
      item = plist_dict_get_item(stream0, "type");
      item_value = 0;
      plist_get_uint_val(item, &item_value);

      switch (item_value) {
      case 96: {
        debug(1, "Connection %d. AP2 Realtime Audio Stream.", conn->connection_number);
        debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "Realtime Audio Stream SETUP incoming message", req);
        // get_play_lock(conn);
        conn->airplay_stream_type = realtime_stream;
        // bind a new UDP port and get a socket
        conn->local_realtime_audio_port = 0; // any port
        err = bind_socket_and_port(SOCK_DGRAM, conn->connection_ip_family, conn->self_ip_string,
                                   conn->self_scope_id, &conn->local_realtime_audio_port,
                                   &conn->realtime_audio_socket);
        if (err) {
          die("Error %d: could not find a UDP port to use as a realtime_audio port", err);
        }
        debug(2, "Connection %d: UDP realtime audio port opened: %u.", conn->connection_number,
              conn->local_realtime_audio_port);

        pthread_create(&conn->rtp_realtime_audio_thread, NULL, &rtp_realtime_audio_receiver,
                       (void *)conn);

        plist_dict_set_item(stream0dict, "type", plist_new_uint(96));
        plist_dict_set_item(stream0dict, "dataPort",
                            plist_new_uint(conn->local_realtime_audio_port));

        conn->stream.type = ast_apple_lossless;
        debug(3, "An ALAC stream has been detected.");

        // Set reasonable connection defaults
        conn->stream.fmtp[0] = 96;
        conn->stream.fmtp[1] = 352;
        conn->stream.fmtp[2] = 0;
        conn->stream.fmtp[3] = 16;
        conn->stream.fmtp[4] = 40;
        conn->stream.fmtp[5] = 10;
        conn->stream.fmtp[6] = 14;
        conn->stream.fmtp[7] = 2;
        conn->stream.fmtp[8] = 255;
        conn->stream.fmtp[9] = 0;
        conn->stream.fmtp[10] = 0;
        conn->stream.fmtp[11] = 44100;

        // set the parameters of the player (as distinct from the parameters of the decoder --
        // that's done later).
        conn->max_frames_per_packet = conn->stream.fmtp[1]; // number of audio frames per packet.
        conn->input_rate = conn->stream.fmtp[11];
        conn->input_num_channels = conn->stream.fmtp[7];
        conn->input_bit_depth = conn->stream.fmtp[3];
        conn->input_bytes_per_frame = conn->input_num_channels * ((conn->input_bit_depth + 7) / 8);
        debug(2, "Realtime Stream Play");
        activity_monitor_signify_activity(1);
        player_prepare_to_play(conn);
        player_play(conn);

        conn->rtp_running = 1; // hack!
      } break;
      case 103: {
        debug(1, "Connection %d. AP2 Buffered Audio Stream.", conn->connection_number);
        debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "Buffered Audio Stream SETUP incoming message", req);
        // get_play_lock(conn);
        conn->airplay_stream_type = buffered_stream;
        // get needed stuff

        // bind a new TCP port and get a socket
        conn->local_buffered_audio_port = 0; // any port
        err = bind_socket_and_port(SOCK_STREAM, conn->connection_ip_family, conn->self_ip_string,
                                   conn->self_scope_id, &conn->local_buffered_audio_port,
                                   &conn->buffered_audio_socket);
        if (err) {
          die("SETUP on Connection %d: Error %d: could not find a TCP port to use as a "
              "buffered_audio port",
              conn->connection_number, err);
        }

        debug(2, "Connection %d: TCP Buffered Audio port opened: %u.", conn->connection_number,
              conn->local_buffered_audio_port);

        // hack.
        conn->max_frames_per_packet = 352; // number of audio frames per packet.
        conn->input_rate = 44100;          // we are stuck with this for the moment.
        conn->input_num_channels = 2;
        conn->input_bit_depth = 16;
        conn->input_bytes_per_frame = conn->input_num_channels * ((conn->input_bit_depth + 7) / 8);
        activity_monitor_signify_activity(1);
        player_prepare_to_play(
            conn); // get capabilities of DAC before creating the buffered audio thread

        pthread_create(&conn->rtp_buffered_audio_thread, NULL, &rtp_buffered_audio_processor,
                       (void *)conn);

        plist_dict_set_item(stream0dict, "type", plist_new_uint(103));
        plist_dict_set_item(stream0dict, "dataPort",
                            plist_new_uint(conn->local_buffered_audio_port));
        plist_dict_set_item(stream0dict, "audioBufferSize",
                            plist_new_uint(conn->ap2_audio_buffer_size));

        // this should be cancelled by an activity_monitor_signify_activity(1)
        // call in the SETRATEANCHORI handler, which should come up right away
        activity_monitor_signify_activity(0);
        player_play(conn);

        conn->rtp_running = 1; // hack!
      } break;
      default:
        debug(1, "SETUP on Connection %d: Unhandled stream type %" PRIu64 ".",
              conn->connection_number, item_value);
        debug_log_rtsp_message(1, "Unhandled stream type incoming message", req);
      }

      plist_dict_set_item(stream0dict, "controlPort", plist_new_uint(conn->local_ap2_control_port));

      plist_array_append_item(streams_array, stream0dict);
      plist_dict_set_item(setupResponsePlist, "streams", streams_array);
      resp->respcode = 200;
    } else if (conn->airplay_stream_category == remote_control_stream) {
      debug(2, "Connection %d (RC): SETUP: Remote Control Stream received from %s.",
            conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string);
      debug_log_rtsp_message(2, "Remote Control Stream SETUP incoming message", req);
      /*
      // get a port to use as an data port
      // bind a new TCP port and get a socket
      conn->local_data_port = 0; // any port
      int err =
          bind_socket_and_port(SOCK_STREAM, conn->connection_ip_family, conn->self_ip_string,
                               conn->self_scope_id, &conn->local_data_port, &conn->data_socket);
      if (err) {
        die("SETUP on Connection %d (RC): Error %d: could not find a TCP port to use as a data "
            "port",
            conn->connection_number, err);
      }

      debug(1, "Connection %d SETUP (RC): TCP Remote Control data port opened: %u.",
            conn->connection_number, conn->local_data_port);
      if (conn->rtp_data_thread != NULL)
        debug(1, "Connection %d SETUP (RC): previous rtp_data_thread allocation not freed, it
      seems.", conn->connection_number); conn->rtp_data_thread = malloc(sizeof(pthread_t)); if
      (conn->rtp_data_thread == NULL) die("Couldn't allocate space for pthread_t");

      pthread_create(conn->rtp_data_thread, NULL, &rtp_data_receiver, (void *)conn);

      plist_t coreResponseDict = plist_new_dict();
      plist_dict_set_item(coreResponseDict, "streamID", plist_new_uint(1));
      plist_dict_set_item(coreResponseDict, "type", plist_new_uint(130));
      plist_dict_set_item(coreResponseDict, "dataPort", plist_new_uint(conn->local_data_port));

      plist_t coreResponseArray = plist_new_array();
      plist_array_append_item(coreResponseArray, coreResponseDict);
      plist_dict_set_item(setupResponsePlist, "streams", coreResponseArray);
      */
      resp->respcode = 200;
    } else {
      debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP: Stream received but no airplay category set. Nothing done.",
            conn->connection_number);
    }
  }

  if (resp->respcode == 200) {
    plist_to_bin(setupResponsePlist, &resp->content, &resp->contentlength);
    plist_free(setupResponsePlist);
    msg_add_header(resp, "Content-Type", "application/x-apple-binary-plist");
  }
  plist_free(messagePlist);
  if (clientNameString != NULL)
    free(clientNameString);
  debug_log_rtsp_message(2, " SETUP response", resp);
}
#endif

void handle_setup(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(3, "Connection %d: SETUP", conn->connection_number);
  resp->respcode = 451; // invalid arguments -- expect them
  if (have_play_lock(conn)) {
    uint16_t cport, tport;
    char *ar = msg_get_header(req, "Active-Remote");
    if (ar) {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: SETUP: Active-Remote string seen: \"%s\".", conn->connection_number,
            ar);
      // get the active remote
      if (conn->dacp_active_remote) // this is in case SETUP was previously called
        free(conn->dacp_active_remote);
      conn->dacp_active_remote = strdup(ar);
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
      send_metadata('ssnc', 'acre', ar, strlen(ar), req, 1);
#endif
    } else {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: SETUP: Note: no Active-Remote information seen.",
            conn->connection_number);
      if (conn->dacp_active_remote) { // this is in case SETUP was previously called
        free(conn->dacp_active_remote);
        conn->dacp_active_remote = NULL;
      }
    }

    ar = msg_get_header(req, "DACP-ID");
    if (ar) {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: SETUP: DACP-ID string seen: \"%s\".", conn->connection_number, ar);
      if (conn->dacp_id) // this is in case SETUP was previously called
        free(conn->dacp_id);
      conn->dacp_id = strdup(ar);
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
      send_metadata('ssnc', 'daid', ar, strlen(ar), req, 1);
#endif
    } else {
      debug(2, "Connection %d: SETUP doesn't include DACP-ID string information.",
            conn->connection_number);
      if (conn->dacp_id) { // this is in case SETUP was previously called
        free(conn->dacp_id);
        conn->dacp_id = NULL;
      }
    }

    char *hdr = msg_get_header(req, "Transport");
    if (hdr) {
      char *p;
      p = strstr(hdr, "control_port=");
      if (p) {
        p = strchr(p, '=') + 1;
        cport = atoi(p);

        p = strstr(hdr, "timing_port=");
        if (p) {
          p = strchr(p, '=') + 1;
          tport = atoi(p);

          if (conn->rtp_running) {
            if ((conn->remote_control_port != cport) || (conn->remote_timing_port != tport)) {
              warn("Connection %d: Duplicate SETUP message with different control (old %u, new %u) "
                   "or "
                   "timing (old %u, new "
                   "%u) ports! This is probably fatal!",
                   conn->connection_number, conn->remote_control_port, cport,
                   conn->remote_timing_port, tport);
            } else {
              warn("Connection %d: Duplicate SETUP message with the same control (%u) and timing "
                   "(%u) "
                   "ports. This is "
                   "probably not fatal.",
                   conn->connection_number, conn->remote_control_port, conn->remote_timing_port);
            }
          } else {
            rtp_setup(&conn->local, &conn->remote, cport, tport, conn);
          }
          if (conn->local_audio_port != 0) {

            char resphdr[256] = "";
            snprintf(resphdr, sizeof(resphdr),
                     "RTP/AVP/"
                     "UDP;unicast;interleaved=0-1;mode=record;control_port=%d;"
                     "timing_port=%d;server_"
                     "port=%d",
                     conn->local_control_port, conn->local_timing_port, conn->local_audio_port);

            msg_add_header(resp, "Transport", resphdr);

            msg_add_header(resp, "Session", "1");

            resp->respcode = 200; // it all worked out okay
            debug(2,
                  "Connection %d: SETUP DACP-ID \"%s\" from %s to %s with UDP ports Control: "
                  "%d, Timing: %d and Audio: %d.",
                  conn->connection_number, conn->dacp_id, &conn->client_ip_string,
                  &conn->self_ip_string, conn->local_control_port, conn->local_timing_port,
                  conn->local_audio_port);

          } else {
            debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP seems to specify a null audio port.",
                  conn->connection_number);
          }
        } else {
          debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP doesn't specify a timing_port.", conn->connection_number);
        }
      } else {
        debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP doesn't specify a control_port.", conn->connection_number);
      }
    } else {
      debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP doesn't contain a Transport header.", conn->connection_number);
    }
    if (resp->respcode == 200) {
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
      send_ssnc_metadata('clip', conn->client_ip_string, strlen(conn->client_ip_string), 1);
      send_ssnc_metadata('svip', conn->self_ip_string, strlen(conn->self_ip_string), 1);
#endif
    } else {
      debug(1, "Connection %d: SETUP error -- releasing the player lock.", conn->connection_number);
      release_play_lock(conn);
    }

  } else {
    warn("Connection %d SETUP received without having the player (no ANNOUNCE?)",
         conn->connection_number);
  }
}

/*
static void handle_ignore(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(1, "Connection thread %d: IGNORE", conn->connection_number);
  resp->respcode = 200;
}
*/

void handle_set_parameter_parameter(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                                    __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *resp) {

  char *cp = req->content;
  int cp_left = req->contentlength;
  /*
  int k = cp_left;
  if (k>max_bytes)
    k = max_bytes;
  for (i = 0; i < k; i++)
    snprintf((char *)buf + 2 * i, 3, "%02x", cp[i]);
  debug(1, "handle_set_parameter_parameter: \"%s\".",buf);
  */

  char *next;
  while (cp_left && cp) {
    next = nextline(cp, cp_left);
    // note: "next" will return NULL if there is no \r or \n or \r\n at the end of this
    // but we are always guaranteed that if cp is not null, it will be pointing to something
    // NUL-terminated

    if (next)
      cp_left -= (next - cp);
    else
      cp_left = 0;

    if (!strncmp(cp, "volume: ", strlen("volume: "))) {
      float volume = atof(cp + strlen("volume: "));
      debug(2, "Connection %d: request to set AirPlay Volume to: %f.", conn->connection_number,
            volume);
      // if we are playing, go ahead and change the volume
#ifdef CONFIG_DBUS_INTERFACE
      if (dbus_service_is_running()) {
        shairport_sync_set_volume(shairportSyncSkeleton, volume);
      } else {
#endif
        lock_player();
        if (playing_conn == conn)
          player_volume(volume, conn);
        unlock_player();
#ifdef CONFIG_DBUS_INTERFACE
      }
#endif
    } else if (strncmp(cp, "progress: ", strlen("progress: ")) ==
               0) { // this can be sent even when metadata is not solicited

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
      char *progress = cp + strlen("progress: ");
      // debug(2, "progress: \"%s\"",progress); // rtpstampstart/rtpstampnow/rtpstampend 44100 per
      // second
      send_ssnc_metadata('prgr', progress, strlen(progress), 1);
#endif

    } else {
      debug(1, "Connection %d, unrecognised parameter: \"%s\" (%d)\n", conn->connection_number, cp,
            strlen(cp));
    }
    cp = next;
  }
}

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
// Metadata is not used by shairport-sync.
// Instead we send all metadata to a fifo pipe, so that other apps can listen to
// the pipe and use the metadata.

// We use two 4-character codes to identify each piece of data and we send the
// data itself, if any,
// in base64 form.

// The first 4-character code, called the "type", is either:
//    'core' for all the regular metadadata coming from iTunes, etc., or
//    'ssnc' (for 'shairport-sync') for all metadata coming from Shairport Sync
//    itself, such as
//    start/end delimiters, etc.

// For 'core' metadata, the second 4-character code is the 4-character metadata
// code coming from
// iTunes etc.
// For 'ssnc' metadata, the second 4-character code is used to distinguish the
// messages.

// Cover art is not tagged in the same way as other metadata, it seems, so is
// sent as an 'ssnc' type
// metadata message with the code 'PICT'
// Here are the 'ssnc' codes defined so far:
//    'PICT' -- the payload is a picture, either a JPEG or a PNG. Check the
//    first few bytes to see
//    which.
//    'abeg' -- active mode entered. No arguments
//    'aend' -- active mode exited. No arguments
//    'pbeg' -- play stream begin. No arguments
//    'pend' -- play stream end. No arguments
//    'pfls' -- play stream flush. The argument is an unsigned 32-bit
//               frame number. It seems that all frames up to but not
//               including this frame are to be flushed.
//
//    'prsm' -- play stream resume. No arguments
//		`pffr` -- the first frame of a play session has been received and has been validly
// timed.
//    'pvol' -- play volume. The volume is sent as a string --
//    "airplay_volume,volume,lowest_volume,highest_volume"
//              volume, lowest_volume and highest_volume are given in dB.
//              The "airplay_volume" is what's sent to the player, and is from
//              0.00 down to -30.00,
//              with -144.00 meaning mute.
//              This is linear on the volume control slider of iTunes or iOS
//              AirPlay.
//    'prgr' -- progress -- this is metadata from AirPlay consisting of RTP
//    timestamps for the start
//    of the current play sequence, the current play point and the end of the
//    play sequence.
//              I guess the timestamps wrap at 2^32.
//    'mdst' -- a sequence of metadata is about to start; will have, as data,
//    the rtptime associated with the metadata, if available
//    'mden' -- a sequence of metadata has ended; will have, as data, the
//    rtptime associated with the metadata, if available
//    'pcst' -- a picture is about to be sent; will have, as data, the rtptime
//    associated with the picture, if available
//    'pcen' -- a picture has been sent; will have, as data, the rtptime
//    associated with the metadata, if available
//    'snam' -- A device -- e.g. "Joe's iPhone" -- has opened a play session.
//    Specifically, it's the "X-Apple-Client-Name" string
//    'snua' -- A "user agent" -- e.g. "iTunes/12..." -- has opened a play
//    session. Specifically, it's the "User-Agent" string
//    The next two two tokens are to facilitate remote control of the source.
//    There is some information at http://nto.github.io/AirPlay.html about
//    remote control of the source.
//
//    'daid' -- this is the source's DACP-ID (if it has one -- it's not
//    guaranteed), useful if you want to remotely control the source. Use this
//    string to identify the source's remote control on the network.
//    'acre' -- this is the source's Active-Remote token, necessary if you want
//    to send commands to the source's remote control (if it has one).
//		`clip` -- the payload is the IP number of the client, i.e. the sender of audio.
//		Can be an IPv4 or an IPv6 number. In AirPlay 2 operation, it is sent as soon
//    as the client has exclusive access to the player and after any existing
//    play session has been interrupted and terminated.
//		`conn` -- the payload is the IP number of the client, i.e. the sender of audio.
//		Can be an IPv4 or an IPv6 number. This is an AirPlay-2-only message.
//    It is sent as soon as the client requests access to the player.
//    If Shairport Sync is already playing, this message is sent before the current
//    play session is stopped.
//		`svip` -- the payload is the IP number of the server, i.e. the player itself.
//		Can be an IPv4 or an IPv6 number.
//    `disc` -- the payload is the IP number of the client, i.e. the sender of audio.
//		Can be an IPv4 or an IPv6 number. This is an AirPlay-2-only message.
//    It is sent when a client has been disconnected.
//		`dapo` -- the payload is the port number (as text) on the server to which remote
// control commands should be sent. It is 3689 for iTunes but varies for iOS devices.
//    ``

//		A special sub-protocol is used for sending large data items over UDP
//    If the payload exceeded 4 MB, it is chunked using the following format:
//    "ssnc", "chnk", packet_ix, packet_counts, packet_tag, packet_type, chunked_data.
//    Notice that the number of items is different to the standard

// including a simple base64 encoder to minimise malloc/free activity

// From Stack Overflow, with thanks:
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/342409/how-do-i-base64-encode-decode-in-c
// minor mods to make independent of C99.
// more significant changes make it not malloc memory
// needs to initialise the docoding table first

// add _so to end of name to avoid confusion with polarssl's implementation

static char encoding_table[] = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
                                'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
                                'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
                                'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
                                '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/'};

static size_t mod_table[] = {0, 2, 1};

// pass in a pointer to the data, its length, a pointer to the output buffer and
// a pointer to an int
// containing its maximum length
// the actual length will be returned.

char *base64_encode_so(const unsigned char *data, size_t input_length, char *encoded_data,
                       size_t *output_length) {

  size_t calculated_output_length = 4 * ((input_length + 2) / 3);
  if (calculated_output_length > *output_length)
    return (NULL);
  *output_length = calculated_output_length;

  size_t i, j;
  for (i = 0, j = 0; i < input_length;) {

    uint32_t octet_a = i < input_length ? (unsigned char)data[i++] : 0;
    uint32_t octet_b = i < input_length ? (unsigned char)data[i++] : 0;
    uint32_t octet_c = i < input_length ? (unsigned char)data[i++] : 0;

    uint32_t triple = (octet_a << 0x10) + (octet_b << 0x08) + octet_c;

    encoded_data[j++] = encoding_table[(triple >> 3 * 6) & 0x3F];
    encoded_data[j++] = encoding_table[(triple >> 2 * 6) & 0x3F];
    encoded_data[j++] = encoding_table[(triple >> 1 * 6) & 0x3F];
    encoded_data[j++] = encoding_table[(triple >> 0 * 6) & 0x3F];
  }

  for (i = 0; i < mod_table[input_length % 3]; i++)
    encoded_data[*output_length - 1 - i] = '=';

  return encoded_data;
}

// with thanks!
//

static int fd = -1;
// static int dirty = 0;

pc_queue metadata_queue;
#define metadata_queue_size 500
metadata_package metadata_queue_items[metadata_queue_size];
pthread_t metadata_thread;

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA_HUB
pc_queue metadata_hub_queue;
#define metadata_hub_queue_size 500
metadata_package metadata_hub_queue_items[metadata_hub_queue_size];
pthread_t metadata_hub_thread;
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MQTT
pc_queue metadata_mqtt_queue;
#define metadata_mqtt_queue_size 500
metadata_package metadata_mqtt_queue_items[metadata_mqtt_queue_size];
pthread_t metadata_mqtt_thread;
#endif

static int metadata_sock = -1;
static struct sockaddr_in metadata_sockaddr;
static char *metadata_sockmsg;
pc_queue metadata_multicast_queue;
#define metadata_multicast_queue_size 500
metadata_package metadata_multicast_queue_items[metadata_queue_size];
pthread_t metadata_multicast_thread;

void metadata_create_multicast_socket(void) {
  if (config.metadata_enabled == 0)
    return;

  // Unlike metadata pipe, socket is opened once and stays open,
  // so we can call it in create
  if (config.metadata_sockaddr && config.metadata_sockport) {
    metadata_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (metadata_sock < 0) {
      debug(1, "Could not open metadata socket");
    } else {
      int buffer_size = METADATA_SNDBUF;
      setsockopt(metadata_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &buffer_size, sizeof(buffer_size));
      bzero((char *)&metadata_sockaddr, sizeof(metadata_sockaddr));
      metadata_sockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
      metadata_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(config.metadata_sockaddr);
      metadata_sockaddr.sin_port = htons(config.metadata_sockport);
      metadata_sockmsg = malloc(config.metadata_sockmsglength);
      if (metadata_sockmsg) {
        memset(metadata_sockmsg, 0, config.metadata_sockmsglength);
      } else {
        die("Could not malloc metadata multicast socket buffer");
      }
    }
  }
}

void metadata_delete_multicast_socket(void) {
  if (config.metadata_enabled == 0)
    return;
  shutdown(metadata_sock, SHUT_RDWR); // we want to immediately deallocate the buffer
  close(metadata_sock);
  if (metadata_sockmsg)
    free(metadata_sockmsg);
}

void metadata_open(void) {
  if (config.metadata_enabled == 0)
    return;

  size_t pl = strlen(config.metadata_pipename) + 1;

  char *path = malloc(pl + 1);
  snprintf(path, pl + 1, "%s", config.metadata_pipename);

  fd = try_to_open_pipe_for_writing(path);
  free(path);
}

static void metadata_close(void) {
  if (fd < 0)
    return;
  close(fd);
  fd = -1;
}

void metadata_multicast_process(uint32_t type, uint32_t code, char *data, uint32_t length) {
  // debug(1, "Process multicast metadata with type %x, code %x and length %u.", type, code,
  // length);
  if (metadata_sock >= 0 && length < config.metadata_sockmsglength - 8) {
    char *ptr = metadata_sockmsg;
    uint32_t v;
    v = htonl(type);
    memcpy(ptr, &v, 4);
    ptr += 4;
    v = htonl(code);
    memcpy(ptr, &v, 4);
    ptr += 4;
    memcpy(ptr, data, length);
    sendto(metadata_sock, metadata_sockmsg, length + 8, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&metadata_sockaddr,
           sizeof(metadata_sockaddr));
  } else if (metadata_sock >= 0) {
    // send metadata in numbered chunks using the protocol:
    // ("ssnc", "chnk", packet_ix, packet_counts, packet_tag, packet_type, chunked_data)

    uint32_t chunk_ix = 0;
    if (config.metadata_sockmsglength == 24)
      die("A divide by zero almost occurred (config.metadata_sockmsglength = 24).");
    uint32_t chunk_total = length / (config.metadata_sockmsglength - 24);
    if (chunk_total * (config.metadata_sockmsglength - 24) < length) {
      chunk_total++;
    }
    uint32_t remaining = length;
    uint32_t v;
    char *data_crsr = data;
    do {
      char *ptr = metadata_sockmsg;
      memcpy(ptr, "ssncchnk", 8);
      ptr += 8;
      v = htonl(chunk_ix);
      memcpy(ptr, &v, 4);
      ptr += 4;
      v = htonl(chunk_total);
      memcpy(ptr, &v, 4);
      ptr += 4;
      v = htonl(type);
      memcpy(ptr, &v, 4);
      ptr += 4;
      v = htonl(code);
      memcpy(ptr, &v, 4);
      ptr += 4;
      size_t datalen = remaining;
      if (datalen > config.metadata_sockmsglength - 24) {
        datalen = config.metadata_sockmsglength - 24;
      }
      memcpy(ptr, data_crsr, datalen);
      data_crsr += datalen;
      sendto(metadata_sock, metadata_sockmsg, datalen + 24, 0,
             (struct sockaddr *)&metadata_sockaddr, sizeof(metadata_sockaddr));
      chunk_ix++;
      remaining -= datalen;
      if (remaining == 0)
        break;
    } while (1);
  }
}

void metadata_process(uint32_t type, uint32_t code, char *data, uint32_t length) {
  // debug(1, "Process metadata with type %x, code %x and length %u.", type, code, length);
  int ret = 0;
  // readers may go away and come back

  if (fd < 0)
    metadata_open();
  if (fd < 0)
    return;
  char thestring[1024];
  snprintf(thestring, 1024, "<item><type>%x</type><code>%x</code><length>%u</length>", type, code,
           length);
  // ret = non_blocking_write(fd, thestring, strlen(thestring));
  ret = write(fd, thestring, strlen(thestring));
  if (ret < 0) {
    // debug(1,"metadata_process error %d exit 1",ret);
    return;
  }
  if ((data != NULL) && (length > 0)) {
    snprintf(thestring, 1024, "\n<data encoding=\"base64\">\n");
    // ret = non_blocking_write(fd, thestring, strlen(thestring));
    ret = write(fd, thestring, strlen(thestring));
    if (ret < 0) {
      // debug(1,"metadata_process error %d exit 2",ret);
      return;
    }
    // here, we write the data in base64 form using our nice base64 encoder
    // but, we break it into lines of 76 output characters, except for the last
    // one.
    // thus, we send groups of (76/4)*3 =  57 bytes to the encoder at a time
    size_t remaining_count = length;
    char *remaining_data = data;
    // size_t towrite_count;
    char outbuf[76];
    while ((remaining_count) && (ret >= 0)) {
      size_t towrite_count = remaining_count;
      if (towrite_count > 57)
        towrite_count = 57;
      size_t outbuf_size = 76; // size of output buffer on entry, length of result on exit
      if (base64_encode_so((unsigned char *)remaining_data, towrite_count, outbuf, &outbuf_size) ==
          NULL)
        debug(1, "Error encoding base64 data.");
      // debug(1,"Remaining count: %d ret: %d, outbuf_size:
      // %d.",remaining_count,ret,outbuf_size);
      // ret = non_blocking_write(fd, outbuf, outbuf_size);
      ret = write(fd, outbuf, outbuf_size);
      if (ret < 0) {
        // debug(1,"metadata_process error %d exit 3",ret);
        return;
      }
      remaining_data += towrite_count;
      remaining_count -= towrite_count;
    }
    snprintf(thestring, 1024, "</data>");
    // ret = non_blocking_write(fd, thestring, strlen(thestring));
    ret = write(fd, thestring, strlen(thestring));
    if (ret < 0) {
      // debug(1,"metadata_process error %d exit 4",ret);
      return;
    }
  }
  snprintf(thestring, 1024, "</item>\n");
  // ret = non_blocking_write(fd, thestring, strlen(thestring));
  ret = write(fd, thestring, strlen(thestring));
  if (ret < 0) {
    // debug(1,"metadata_process error %d exit 5",ret);
    return;
  }
}

void metadata_pack_cleanup_function(void *arg) {
  // debug(1, "metadata_pack_cleanup_function called");
  metadata_package *pack = (metadata_package *)arg;
  if (pack->carrier)
    msg_free(&pack->carrier); // release the message
  else if (pack->data)
    free(pack->data);
  // debug(1, "metadata_pack_cleanup_function exit");
}

void metadata_thread_cleanup_function(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg) {
  // debug(2, "metadata_thread_cleanup_function called");
  metadata_close();
  pc_queue_delete(&metadata_queue);
}

void *metadata_thread_function(__attribute__((unused)) void *ignore) {
  // create a pc_queue for passing information to a threaded metadata handler
  pc_queue_init(&metadata_queue, (char *)&metadata_queue_items, sizeof(metadata_package),
                metadata_queue_size, "pipe");
  metadata_create_multicast_socket();
  metadata_package pack;
  pthread_cleanup_push(metadata_thread_cleanup_function, NULL);
  while (1) {
    pc_queue_get_item(&metadata_queue, &pack);
    pthread_cleanup_push(metadata_pack_cleanup_function, (void *)&pack);
    if (config.metadata_enabled) {
      if (pack.carrier) {
        debug(3, "     pipe: type %x, code %x, length %u, message %d.", pack.type, pack.code,
              pack.length, pack.carrier->index_number);
      } else {
        debug(3, "     pipe: type %x, code %x, length %u.", pack.type, pack.code, pack.length);
      }
      metadata_process(pack.type, pack.code, pack.data, pack.length);
      debug(3, "     pipe: done.");
    }
    pthread_cleanup_pop(1);
  }
  pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // will never happen
  pthread_exit(NULL);
}

void metadata_multicast_thread_cleanup_function(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg) {
  // debug(2, "metadata_multicast_thread_cleanup_function called");
  metadata_delete_multicast_socket();
  pc_queue_delete(&metadata_multicast_queue);
}

void *metadata_multicast_thread_function(__attribute__((unused)) void *ignore) {
  // create a pc_queue for passing information to a threaded metadata handler
  pc_queue_init(&metadata_multicast_queue, (char *)&metadata_multicast_queue_items,
                sizeof(metadata_package), metadata_multicast_queue_size, "multicast");
  metadata_create_multicast_socket();
  metadata_package pack;
  pthread_cleanup_push(metadata_multicast_thread_cleanup_function, NULL);
  while (1) {
    pc_queue_get_item(&metadata_multicast_queue, &pack);
    pthread_cleanup_push(metadata_pack_cleanup_function, (void *)&pack);
    if (config.metadata_enabled) {
      if (pack.carrier) {
        debug(3,
              "                                                                    multicast: type "
              "%x, code %x, length %u, message %d.",
              pack.type, pack.code, pack.length, pack.carrier->index_number);
      } else {
        debug(3,
              "                                                                    multicast: type "
              "%x, code %x, length %u.",
              pack.type, pack.code, pack.length);
      }
      metadata_multicast_process(pack.type, pack.code, pack.data, pack.length);
      debug(3,
            "                                                                    multicast: done.");
    }
    pthread_cleanup_pop(1);
  }
  pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // will never happen
  pthread_exit(NULL);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA_HUB
void metadata_hub_close(void) {}

void metadata_hub_thread_cleanup_function(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg) {
  // debug(2, "metadata_hub_thread_cleanup_function called");
  metadata_hub_close();
  pc_queue_delete(&metadata_hub_queue);
}

void *metadata_hub_thread_function(__attribute__((unused)) void *ignore) {
  // create a pc_queue for passing information to a threaded metadata handler
  pc_queue_init(&metadata_hub_queue, (char *)&metadata_hub_queue_items, sizeof(metadata_package),
                metadata_hub_queue_size, "hub");
  metadata_package pack;
  pthread_cleanup_push(metadata_hub_thread_cleanup_function, NULL);
  while (1) {
    pc_queue_get_item(&metadata_hub_queue, &pack);
    pthread_cleanup_push(metadata_pack_cleanup_function, (void *)&pack);
    if (pack.carrier) {
      debug(3, "                    hub: type %x, code %x, length %u, message %d.", pack.type,
            pack.code, pack.length, pack.carrier->index_number);
    } else {
      debug(3, "                    hub: type %x, code %x, length %u.", pack.type, pack.code,
            pack.length);
    }
    metadata_hub_process_metadata(pack.type, pack.code, pack.data, pack.length);
    debug(3, "                    hub: done.");
    pthread_cleanup_pop(1);
  }
  pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // will never happen
  pthread_exit(NULL);
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MQTT
void metadata_mqtt_close(void) {}

void metadata_mqtt_thread_cleanup_function(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg) {
  // debug(2, "metadata_mqtt_thread_cleanup_function called");
  metadata_mqtt_close();
  pc_queue_delete(&metadata_mqtt_queue);
  // debug(2, "metadata_mqtt_thread_cleanup_function done");
}

void *metadata_mqtt_thread_function(__attribute__((unused)) void *ignore) {
  // create a pc_queue for passing information to a threaded metadata handler
  pc_queue_init(&metadata_mqtt_queue, (char *)&metadata_mqtt_queue_items, sizeof(metadata_package),
                metadata_mqtt_queue_size, "mqtt");
  metadata_package pack;
  pthread_cleanup_push(metadata_mqtt_thread_cleanup_function, NULL);
  while (1) {
    pc_queue_get_item(&metadata_mqtt_queue, &pack);
    pthread_cleanup_push(metadata_pack_cleanup_function, (void *)&pack);
    if (config.mqtt_enabled) {
      if (pack.carrier) {
        debug(3,
              "                                        mqtt: type %x, code %x, length %u, message "
              "%d.",
              pack.type, pack.code, pack.length, pack.carrier->index_number);
      } else {
        debug(3, "                                        mqtt: type %x, code %x, length %u.",
              pack.type, pack.code, pack.length);
      }
      mqtt_process_metadata(pack.type, pack.code, pack.data, pack.length);
      debug(3, "                                        mqtt: done.");
    }

    pthread_cleanup_pop(1);
  }
  pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // will never happen
  pthread_exit(NULL);
}
#endif

void metadata_init(void) {
  if (config.metadata_enabled) {
    // create the metadata pipe, if necessary
    size_t pl = strlen(config.metadata_pipename) + 1;
    char *path = malloc(pl + 1);
    snprintf(path, pl + 1, "%s", config.metadata_pipename);
    mode_t oldumask = umask(000);
    if (mkfifo(path, 0666) && errno != EEXIST)
      die("Could not create metadata pipe \"%s\".", path);
    umask(oldumask);
    debug(1, "metadata pipe name is \"%s\".", path);

    // try to open it
    fd = try_to_open_pipe_for_writing(path);
    // we check that it's not a "real" error. From the "man 2 open" page:
    // "ENXIO  O_NONBLOCK | O_WRONLY is set, the named file is a FIFO, and no process has the FIFO
    // open for reading." Which is okay.
    if ((fd == -1) && (errno != ENXIO)) {
      char errorstring[1024];
      strerror_r(errno, (char *)errorstring, sizeof(errorstring));
      debug(1, "metadata_hub_thread_function -- error %d (\"%s\") opening pipe: \"%s\".", errno,
            (char *)errorstring, path);
      warn("can not open metadata pipe -- error %d (\"%s\") opening pipe: \"%s\".", errno,
           (char *)errorstring, path);
    }
    free(path);
    if (pthread_create(&metadata_thread, NULL, metadata_thread_function, NULL) != 0)
      debug(1, "Failed to create metadata thread!");

    if (pthread_create(&metadata_multicast_thread, NULL, metadata_multicast_thread_function,
                       NULL) != 0)
      debug(1, "Failed to create metadata multicast thread!");
  }
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA_HUB
  if (pthread_create(&metadata_hub_thread, NULL, metadata_hub_thread_function, NULL) != 0)
    debug(1, "Failed to create metadata hub thread!");
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_MQTT
  if (pthread_create(&metadata_mqtt_thread, NULL, metadata_mqtt_thread_function, NULL) != 0)
    debug(1, "Failed to create metadata mqtt thread!");
#endif
  metadata_running = 1;
}

void metadata_stop(void) {
  if (metadata_running) {
    debug(2, "metadata_stop called.");
#ifdef CONFIG_MQTT
    // debug(2, "metadata stop mqtt thread.");
    pthread_cancel(metadata_mqtt_thread);
    pthread_join(metadata_mqtt_thread, NULL);
    // debug(2, "metadata stop mqtt done.");
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA_HUB
    // debug(2, "metadata stop hub thread.");
    pthread_cancel(metadata_hub_thread);
    pthread_join(metadata_hub_thread, NULL);
    // debug(2, "metadata stop hub done.");
#endif
    if (config.metadata_enabled) {
      // debug(2, "metadata stop multicast thread.");
      if (metadata_multicast_thread) {
        pthread_cancel(metadata_multicast_thread);
        pthread_join(metadata_multicast_thread, NULL);
        // debug(2, "metadata stop multicast done.");
      }
      if (metadata_thread) {
        // debug(2, "metadata stop metadata_thread thread.");
        pthread_cancel(metadata_thread);
        pthread_join(metadata_thread, NULL);
        // debug(2, "metadata_stop finished successfully.");
      }
    }
  }
}

int send_metadata_to_queue(pc_queue *queue, uint32_t type, uint32_t code, char *data,
                           uint32_t length, rtsp_message *carrier, int block) {

  // parameters: type, code, pointer to data or NULL, length of data or NULL,
  // the rtsp_message or
  // NULL
  // the rtsp_message is sent for 'core' messages, because it contains the data
  // and must not be
  // freed until the data has been read. So, it is passed to send_metadata to be
  // retained,
  // sent to the thread where metadata is processed and released (and probably
  // freed).

  // The rtsp_message is also sent for certain non-'core' messages.

  // The reading of the parameters is a bit complex
  // If the rtsp_message field is non-null, then it represents an rtsp_message
  // and the data pointer is assumed to point to something within it.
  // The reference counter of the rtsp_message is incremented here and
  // should be decremented by the metadata handler when finished.
  // If the reference count reduces to zero, the message will be freed.

  // If the rtsp_message is NULL, then if the pointer is non-null then the data it
  // points to, of the length specified, is memcpy'd and passed to the metadata
  // handler. The handler should free it when done.
  // If the rtsp_message is NULL and the pointer is also NULL, nothing further
  // is done.

  metadata_package pack;
  pack.type = type;
  pack.code = code;
  pack.length = length;
  pack.carrier = carrier;
  pack.data = data;
  if (pack.carrier) {
    msg_retain(pack.carrier);
  } else {
    if (data)
      pack.data = memdup(data, length); // only if it's not a null
  }
  int rc = pc_queue_add_item(queue, &pack, block);
  if (rc != 0) {
    if (pack.carrier) {
      if (rc == EWOULDBLOCK)
        debug(2,
              "metadata queue \"%s\" full, dropping message item: type %x, code %x, data %x, "
              "length %u, message %d.",
              queue->name, pack.type, pack.code, pack.data, pack.length,
              pack.carrier->index_number);
      msg_free(&pack.carrier);
    } else {
      if (rc == EWOULDBLOCK)
        debug(
            2,
            "metadata queue \"%s\" full, dropping data item: type %x, code %x, data %x, length %u.",
            queue->name, pack.type, pack.code, pack.data, pack.length);
      if (pack.data)
        free(pack.data);
    }
  }
  return rc;
}

int send_metadata(uint32_t type, uint32_t code, char *data, uint32_t length, rtsp_message *carrier,
                  int block) {
  int rc = 0;
  if (config.metadata_enabled) {
    rc = send_metadata_to_queue(&metadata_queue, type, code, data, length, carrier, block);
    rc =
        send_metadata_to_queue(&metadata_multicast_queue, type, code, data, length, carrier, block);
  }

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA_HUB
  rc = send_metadata_to_queue(&metadata_hub_queue, type, code, data, length, carrier, block);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MQTT
  rc = send_metadata_to_queue(&metadata_mqtt_queue, type, code, data, length, carrier, block);
#endif

  return rc;
}

static void handle_set_parameter_metadata(__attribute__((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn,
                                          rtsp_message *req,
                                          __attribute__((unused)) rtsp_message *resp) {
  char *cp = req->content;
  unsigned int cl = req->contentlength;

  unsigned int off = 8;

  uint32_t itag, vl;
  while (off < cl) {
    // pick up the metadata tag as an unsigned longint
    memcpy(&itag, (uint32_t *)(cp + off), sizeof(uint32_t)); /* can be misaligned, thus memcpy */
    itag = ntohl(itag);
    off += sizeof(uint32_t);

    // pick up the length of the data
    memcpy(&vl, (uint32_t *)(cp + off), sizeof(uint32_t)); /* can be misaligned, thus memcpy */
    vl = ntohl(vl);
    off += sizeof(uint32_t);

    // pass the data over
    if (vl == 0)
      send_metadata('core', itag, NULL, 0, NULL, 1);
    else
      send_metadata('core', itag, (char *)(cp + off), vl, req, 1);

    // move on to the next item
    off += vl;
  }
}

#endif

static void handle_get_parameter(__attribute__((unused)) rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                                 rtsp_message *resp) {
  // debug(1, "Connection %d: GET_PARAMETER", conn->connection_number);
  // debug_print_msg_headers(1,req);
  // debug_print_msg_content(1,req);

  if ((req->content) && (req->contentlength == strlen("volume\r\n")) &&
      strstr(req->content, "volume") == req->content) {
    debug(2, "Connection %d: Current volume (%.6f) requested", conn->connection_number,
          config.airplay_volume);
    char *p = malloc(128); // will be automatically deallocated with the response is deleted
    if (p) {
      resp->content = p;
      resp->contentlength = snprintf(p, 128, "\r\nvolume: %.6f\r\n", config.airplay_volume);
    } else {
      debug(1, "Couldn't allocate space for a response.");
    }
  }
  resp->respcode = 200;
}

static void handle_set_parameter(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(3, "Connection %d: SET_PARAMETER", conn->connection_number);
  // if (!req->contentlength)
  //    debug(1, "received empty SET_PARAMETER request.");

  // debug_print_msg_headers(1,req);

  char *ct = msg_get_header(req, "Content-Type");

  if (ct) {
    // debug(2, "SET_PARAMETER Content-Type:\"%s\".", ct);

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
    // It seems that the rtptime of the message is used as a kind of an ID that
    // can be used
    // to link items of metadata, including pictures, that refer to the same
    // entity.
    // If they refer to the same item, they have the same rtptime.
    // So we send the rtptime before and after both the metadata items and the
    // picture item
    // get the rtptime
    char *p = NULL;
    char *hdr = msg_get_header(req, "RTP-Info");

    if (hdr) {
      p = strstr(hdr, "rtptime=");
      if (p) {
        p = strchr(p, '=');
      }
    }

    // not all items have RTP-time stuff in them, which is okay

    if (!strncmp(ct, "application/x-dmap-tagged", 25)) {
      debug(3, "received metadata tags in SET_PARAMETER request.");
      if (p == NULL)
        debug(1, "Missing RTP-Time info for metadata");
      if (p)
        send_metadata('ssnc', 'mdst', p + 1, strlen(p + 1), req, 1); // metadata starting
      else
        send_metadata('ssnc', 'mdst', NULL, 0, NULL,
                      0); // metadata starting, if rtptime is not available

      handle_set_parameter_metadata(conn, req, resp);

      if (p)
        send_metadata('ssnc', 'mden', p + 1, strlen(p + 1), req, 1); // metadata ending
      else
        send_metadata('ssnc', 'mden', NULL, 0, NULL,
                      0); // metadata starting, if rtptime is not available

    } else if (!strncmp(ct, "image", 5)) {
      // Some server simply ignore the md field from the TXT record. If The
      // config says 'please, do not include any cover art', we are polite and
      // do not write them to the pipe.
      if (config.get_coverart) {
        // debug(1, "received image in SET_PARAMETER request.");
        // note: the image/type tag isn't reliable, so it's not being sent
        // -- best look at the first few bytes of the image
        if (p == NULL)
          debug(1, "Missing RTP-Time info for picture item");
        if (p)
          send_metadata('ssnc', 'pcst', p + 1, strlen(p + 1), req, 1); // picture starting
        else
          send_metadata('ssnc', 'pcst', NULL, 0, NULL,
                        0); // picture starting, if rtptime is not available

        send_metadata('ssnc', 'PICT', req->content, req->contentlength, req, 1);

        if (p)
          send_metadata('ssnc', 'pcen', p + 1, strlen(p + 1), req, 1); // picture ending
        else
          send_metadata('ssnc', 'pcen', NULL, 0, NULL,
                        0); // picture ending, if rtptime is not available
      } else {
        debug(1, "Ignore received picture item (include_cover_art = no).");
      }
    } else
#endif
        if (!strncmp(ct, "text/parameters", 15)) {
      // debug(2, "received parameters in SET_PARAMETER request.");
      handle_set_parameter_parameter(conn, req, resp); // this could be volume or progress
    } else {
      debug(1, "Connection %d: received unknown Content-Type \"%s\" in SET_PARAMETER request.",
            conn->connection_number, ct);
      debug_print_msg_headers(1, req);
    }
  } else {
    debug(1, "Connection %d: missing Content-Type header in SET_PARAMETER request.",
          conn->connection_number);
  }
  resp->respcode = 200;
}

static void handle_announce(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  debug(3, "Connection %d: ANNOUNCE", conn->connection_number);
  int get_play_status = get_play_lock(conn, config.allow_session_interruption);
  if (get_play_status != -1) {
    debug(3, "Connection %d: ANNOUNCE has acquired play lock.", conn->connection_number);

    // now, if this new session did not break in, then it's okay to reset the next UDP ports
    // to the start of the range

    if (get_play_status == 1) { // will be zero if it wasn't waiting to break in
      resetFreeUDPPort();
    }

    /*
    {
      char *cp = req->content;
      int cp_left = req->contentlength;
      while (cp_left > 1) {
        if (strlen(cp) != 0)
          debug(1,">>>>>> %s", cp);
        cp += strlen(cp) + 1;
        cp_left -= strlen(cp) + 1;
      }
    }
    */
    // In AirPlay 2, an ANNOUNCE signifies the start of an AirPlay 1 session.
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
    conn->airplay_type = ap_1;
    conn->timing_type = ts_ntp;
    debug(1, "Connection %d: Classic AirPlay connection from %s:%u to self at %s:%u.",
                conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port,
                conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
#endif

    conn->stream.type = ast_unknown;
    resp->respcode = 456; // 456 - Header Field Not Valid for Resource
    char *pssid = NULL;
    char *paesiv = NULL;
    char *prsaaeskey = NULL;
    char *pfmtp = NULL;
    char *pminlatency = NULL;
    char *pmaxlatency = NULL;
    //    char *pAudioMediaInfo = NULL;
    char *pUncompressedCDAudio = NULL;
    char *cp = req->content;
    int cp_left = req->contentlength;
    char *next;
    while (cp_left && cp) {
      next = nextline(cp, cp_left);
      cp_left -= next - cp;

      if (!strncmp(cp, "a=rtpmap:96 L16/44100/2", strlen("a=rtpmap:96 L16/44100/2")))
        pUncompressedCDAudio = cp + strlen("a=rtpmap:96 L16/44100/2");

      //      if (!strncmp(cp, "m=audio", strlen("m=audio")))
      //        pAudioMediaInfo = cp + strlen("m=audio");

      if (!strncmp(cp, "o=iTunes", strlen("o=iTunes")))
        pssid = cp + strlen("o=iTunes");

      if (!strncmp(cp, "a=fmtp:", strlen("a=fmtp:")))
        pfmtp = cp + strlen("a=fmtp:");

      if (!strncmp(cp, "a=aesiv:", strlen("a=aesiv:")))
        paesiv = cp + strlen("a=aesiv:");

      if (!strncmp(cp, "a=rsaaeskey:", strlen("a=rsaaeskey:")))
        prsaaeskey = cp + strlen("a=rsaaeskey:");

      if (!strncmp(cp, "a=min-latency:", strlen("a=min-latency:")))
        pminlatency = cp + strlen("a=min-latency:");

      if (!strncmp(cp, "a=max-latency:", strlen("a=max-latency:")))
        pmaxlatency = cp + strlen("a=max-latency:");

      cp = next;
    }

    if (pUncompressedCDAudio) {
      debug(2, "An uncompressed PCM stream has been detected.");
      conn->stream.type = ast_uncompressed;
      conn->max_frames_per_packet = 352; // number of audio frames per packet.
      conn->input_rate = 44100;
      conn->input_num_channels = 2;
      conn->input_bit_depth = 16;
      conn->input_bytes_per_frame = conn->input_num_channels * ((conn->input_bit_depth + 7) / 8);

      /*
      int y = strlen(pAudioMediaInfo);
      if (y > 0) {
        char obf[4096];
        if (y > 4096)
          y = 4096;
        char *p = pAudioMediaInfo;
        char *obfp = obf;
        int obfc;
        for (obfc = 0; obfc < y; obfc++) {
          snprintf(obfp, 3, "%02X", (unsigned int)*p);
          p++;
          obfp += 2;
        };
        *obfp = 0;
        debug(1, "AudioMediaInfo: \"%s\".", obf);
      }
      */
    }

    if (pssid) {
      uint32_t ssid = uatoi(pssid);
      debug(3, "Synchronisation Source Identifier: %08X,%u", ssid, ssid);
    }

    if (pminlatency) {
      conn->minimum_latency = atoi(pminlatency);
      debug(3, "Minimum latency %d specified", conn->minimum_latency);
    }

    if (pmaxlatency) {
      conn->maximum_latency = atoi(pmaxlatency);
      debug(3, "Maximum latency %d specified", conn->maximum_latency);
    }

    if ((paesiv == NULL) && (prsaaeskey == NULL)) {
      // debug(1,"Unencrypted session requested?");
      conn->stream.encrypted = 0;
    } else if ((paesiv != NULL) && (prsaaeskey != NULL)){
      conn->stream.encrypted = 1;
      // debug(1,"Encrypted session requested");
    } else {
      warn("Invalid Announce message -- missing paesiv or prsaaeskey.");
      goto out;
    }
    if (conn->stream.encrypted) {
      int len, keylen;
      uint8_t *aesiv = base64_dec(paesiv, &len);
      if (len != 16) {
        warn("client announced aeskey of %d bytes, wanted 16", len);
        free(aesiv);
        goto out;
      }
      memcpy(conn->stream.aesiv, aesiv, 16);
      free(aesiv);

      uint8_t *rsaaeskey = base64_dec(prsaaeskey, &len);
      uint8_t *aeskey = rsa_apply(rsaaeskey, len, &keylen, RSA_MODE_KEY);
      free(rsaaeskey);
      if (keylen != 16) {
        warn("client announced rsaaeskey of %d bytes, wanted 16", keylen);
        free(aeskey);
        goto out;
      }
      memcpy(conn->stream.aeskey, aeskey, 16);
      free(aeskey);
    }

    if (pfmtp) {
      conn->stream.type = ast_apple_lossless;
      debug(3, "An ALAC stream has been detected.");

      // Set reasonable connection defaults
      conn->stream.fmtp[0] = 96;
      conn->stream.fmtp[1] = 352;
      conn->stream.fmtp[2] = 0;
      conn->stream.fmtp[3] = 16;
      conn->stream.fmtp[4] = 40;
      conn->stream.fmtp[5] = 10;
      conn->stream.fmtp[6] = 14;
      conn->stream.fmtp[7] = 2;
      conn->stream.fmtp[8] = 255;
      conn->stream.fmtp[9] = 0;
      conn->stream.fmtp[10] = 0;
      conn->stream.fmtp[11] = 44100;

      unsigned int i = 0;
      unsigned int max_param = sizeof(conn->stream.fmtp) / sizeof(conn->stream.fmtp[0]);
      char *found;
      while ((found = strsep(&pfmtp, " \t")) != NULL && i < max_param) {
        conn->stream.fmtp[i++] = atoi(found);
      }
      // here we should check the sanity of the fmtp values
      // for (i = 0; i < sizeof(conn->stream.fmtp) / sizeof(conn->stream.fmtp[0]); i++)
      //  debug(1,"  fmtp[%2d] is: %10d",i,conn->stream.fmtp[i]);

      // set the parameters of the player (as distinct from the parameters of the decoder -- that's
      // done later).
      conn->max_frames_per_packet = conn->stream.fmtp[1]; // number of audio frames per packet.
      conn->input_rate = conn->stream.fmtp[11];
      conn->input_num_channels = conn->stream.fmtp[7];
      conn->input_bit_depth = conn->stream.fmtp[3];
      conn->input_bytes_per_frame = conn->input_num_channels * ((conn->input_bit_depth + 7) / 8);
    }

    if (conn->stream.type == ast_unknown) {
      warn("Can not process the following ANNOUNCE message:");
      // print each line of the request content
      // the problem is that nextline has replace all returns, newlines, etc. by
      // NULLs
      char *cp = req->content;
      int cp_left = req->contentlength;
      while (cp_left > 1) {
        if (strlen(cp) != 0)
          warn("    %s", cp);
        cp += strlen(cp) + 1;
        cp_left -= strlen(cp) + 1;
      }
      goto out;
    }

    char *hdr = msg_get_header(req, "X-Apple-Client-Name");
    if (hdr) {
      debug(1, "Play connection from device named \"%s\" on RTSP conversation thread %d.", hdr,
            conn->connection_number);
#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
      send_metadata('ssnc', 'snam', hdr, strlen(hdr), req, 1);
#endif
    }
    hdr = msg_get_header(req, "User-Agent");
    if (hdr) {
      conn->UserAgent = strdup(hdr);
      debug(2, "Play connection from user agent \"%s\" on RTSP conversation thread %d.", hdr,
            conn->connection_number);
      // if the user agent is AirPlay and has a version number of 353 or less (from iOS 11.1,2)
      // use the older way of calculating the latency

      char *p = strstr(hdr, "AirPlay");
      if (p) {
        p = strchr(p, '/');
        if (p) {
          conn->AirPlayVersion = atoi(p + 1);
          debug(2, "AirPlay version %d detected.", conn->AirPlayVersion);
        }
      }

#ifdef CONFIG_METADATA
      send_metadata('ssnc', 'snua', hdr, strlen(hdr), req, 1);
#endif
    }
    resp->respcode = 200;
  } else {
    resp->respcode = 453;
    debug(1, "Connection %d: ANNOUNCE failed because another connection is already playing.",
          conn->connection_number);
  }

out:
  if (resp->respcode != 200 && resp->respcode != 453) {
    debug(1, "Connection %d: Error in handling ANNOUNCE. Unlocking the play lock.",
          conn->connection_number);
    release_play_lock(conn);
  }
}

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
static struct method_handler {
  char *method;
  void (*ap1_handler)(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp); // for AirPlay 1
  void (*ap2_handler)(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp); // for AirPlay 2
} method_handlers[] = {{"OPTIONS", handle_options, handle_options},
                       {"ANNOUNCE", handle_announce, handle_announce},
                       {"FLUSH", handle_flush, handle_flush},
                       {"TEARDOWN", handle_teardown, handle_teardown_2},
                       {"SETUP", handle_setup, handle_setup_2},
                       {"GET_PARAMETER", handle_get_parameter, handle_get_parameter},
                       {"SET_PARAMETER", handle_set_parameter, handle_set_parameter},
                       {"RECORD", handle_record, handle_record_2},
                       {"GET", handle_get, handle_get},
                       {"POST", handle_post, handle_post},
                       {"SETPEERS", handle_unimplemented_ap1, handle_setpeers},
                       {"SETRATEANCHORTI", handle_unimplemented_ap1, handle_setrateanchori},
                       {"FLUSHBUFFERED", handle_unimplemented_ap1, handle_flushbuffered},
                       {"SETRATE", handle_unimplemented_ap1, handle_setrate},
                       {NULL, NULL, NULL}};
#else
static struct method_handler {
  char *method;
  void (*handler)(rtsp_conn_info *conn, rtsp_message *req,
                  rtsp_message *resp); // for AirPlay 1 only
} method_handlers[] = {{"OPTIONS", handle_options},
                       {"GET", handle_get},
                       {"POST", handle_post},
                       {"ANNOUNCE", handle_announce},
                       {"FLUSH", handle_flush},
                       {"TEARDOWN", handle_teardown},
                       {"SETUP", handle_setup},
                       {"GET_PARAMETER", handle_get_parameter},
                       {"SET_PARAMETER", handle_set_parameter},
                       {"RECORD", handle_record},
                       {NULL, NULL}};
#endif

static void apple_challenge(int fd, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {
  char *hdr = msg_get_header(req, "Apple-Challenge");
  if (!hdr)
    return;
  SOCKADDR fdsa;
  socklen_t sa_len = sizeof(fdsa);
  getsockname(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&fdsa, &sa_len);

  int chall_len;
  uint8_t *chall = base64_dec(hdr, &chall_len);
  if (chall == NULL)
    die("null chall in apple_challenge");
  uint8_t buf[48], *bp = buf;
  int i;
  memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));

  if (chall_len > 16) {
    warn("oversized Apple-Challenge!");
    free(chall);
    return;
  }
  memcpy(bp, chall, chall_len);
  free(chall);
  bp += chall_len;

#ifdef AF_INET6
  if (fdsa.SAFAMILY == AF_INET6) {
    struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(&fdsa);
    memcpy(bp, sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr, 16);
    bp += 16;
  } else
#endif
  {
    struct sockaddr_in *sa = (struct sockaddr_in *)(&fdsa);
    memcpy(bp, &sa->sin_addr.s_addr, 4);
    bp += 4;
  }

  for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
    *bp++ = config.hw_addr[i];

  int buflen, resplen;
  buflen = bp - buf;
  if (buflen < 0x20)
    buflen = 0x20;

  uint8_t *challresp = rsa_apply(buf, buflen, &resplen, RSA_MODE_AUTH);
  char *encoded = base64_enc(challresp, resplen);
  if (encoded == NULL)
    die("could not allocate memory for \"encoded\"");
  // strip the padding.
  char *padding = strchr(encoded, '=');
  if (padding)
    *padding = 0;

  msg_add_header(resp, "Apple-Response", encoded); // will be freed when the response is freed.
  free(challresp);
  free(encoded);
}

static char *make_nonce(void) {
  uint8_t random[8];
  int fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
  if (fd < 0)
    die("could not open /dev/urandom!");
  // int ignore =
  if (read(fd, random, sizeof(random)) != sizeof(random))
    debug(1, "Error reading /dev/urandom");
  close(fd);
  return base64_enc(random, 8); // returns a pointer to malloc'ed memory
}

static int rtsp_auth(char **nonce, rtsp_message *req, rtsp_message *resp) {

  if (!config.password)
    return 0;
  if (!*nonce) {
    *nonce = make_nonce();
    goto authenticate;
  }

  char *hdr = msg_get_header(req, "Authorization");
  if (!hdr || strncmp(hdr, "Digest ", 7))
    goto authenticate;

  char *realm = strstr(hdr, "realm=\"");
  char *username = strstr(hdr, "username=\"");
  char *response = strstr(hdr, "response=\"");
  char *uri = strstr(hdr, "uri=\"");

  if (!realm || !username || !response || !uri)
    goto authenticate;

  char *quote;
  realm = strchr(realm, '"') + 1;
  if (!(quote = strchr(realm, '"')))
    goto authenticate;
  *quote = 0;
  username = strchr(username, '"') + 1;
  if (!(quote = strchr(username, '"')))
    goto authenticate;
  *quote = 0;
  response = strchr(response, '"') + 1;
  if (!(quote = strchr(response, '"')))
    goto authenticate;
  *quote = 0;
  uri = strchr(uri, '"') + 1;
  if (!(quote = strchr(uri, '"')))
    goto authenticate;
  *quote = 0;

  uint8_t digest_urp[16], digest_mu[16], digest_total[16];

#ifdef CONFIG_OPENSSL
  MD5_CTX ctx;

  int oldState;
  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &oldState);
  MD5_Init(&ctx);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, username, strlen(username));
  MD5_Update(&ctx, ":", 1);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, realm, strlen(realm));
  MD5_Update(&ctx, ":", 1);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, config.password, strlen(config.password));
  MD5_Final(digest_urp, &ctx);
  MD5_Init(&ctx);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, req->method, strlen(req->method));
  MD5_Update(&ctx, ":", 1);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, uri, strlen(uri));
  MD5_Final(digest_mu, &ctx);
  pthread_setcancelstate(oldState, NULL);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MBEDTLS
#if MBEDTLS_VERSION_MINOR >= 7
  mbedtls_md5_context tctx;
  mbedtls_md5_starts_ret(&tctx);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)username, strlen(username));
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)realm, strlen(realm));
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)config.password, strlen(config.password));
  mbedtls_md5_finish_ret(&tctx, digest_urp);
  mbedtls_md5_starts_ret(&tctx);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)req->method, strlen(req->method));
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)uri, strlen(uri));
  mbedtls_md5_finish_ret(&tctx, digest_mu);
#else
  mbedtls_md5_context tctx;
  mbedtls_md5_starts(&tctx);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)username, strlen(username));
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)realm, strlen(realm));
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)config.password, strlen(config.password));
  mbedtls_md5_finish(&tctx, digest_urp);
  mbedtls_md5_starts(&tctx);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)req->method, strlen(req->method));
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)uri, strlen(uri));
  mbedtls_md5_finish(&tctx, digest_mu);
#endif
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_POLARSSL
  md5_context tctx;
  md5_starts(&tctx);
  md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)username, strlen(username));
  md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)realm, strlen(realm));
  md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)config.password, strlen(config.password));
  md5_finish(&tctx, digest_urp);
  md5_starts(&tctx);
  md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)req->method, strlen(req->method));
  md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)uri, strlen(uri));
  md5_finish(&tctx, digest_mu);
#endif

  int i;
  unsigned char buf[33];
  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    snprintf((char *)buf + 2 * i, 3, "%02x", digest_urp[i]);

#ifdef CONFIG_OPENSSL
  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &oldState);
  MD5_Init(&ctx);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, buf, 32);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, ":", 1);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, *nonce, strlen(*nonce));
  MD5_Update(&ctx, ":", 1);
  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    snprintf((char *)buf + 2 * i, 3, "%02x", digest_mu[i]);
  MD5_Update(&ctx, buf, 32);
  MD5_Final(digest_total, &ctx);
  pthread_setcancelstate(oldState, NULL);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MBEDTLS
#if MBEDTLS_VERSION_MINOR >= 7
  mbedtls_md5_starts_ret(&tctx);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, buf, 32);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)*nonce, strlen(*nonce));
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    snprintf((char *)buf + 2 * i, 3, "%02x", digest_mu[i]);
  mbedtls_md5_update_ret(&tctx, buf, 32);
  mbedtls_md5_finish_ret(&tctx, digest_total);
#else
  mbedtls_md5_starts(&tctx);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, buf, 32);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)*nonce, strlen(*nonce));
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    snprintf((char *)buf + 2 * i, 3, "%02x", digest_mu[i]);
  mbedtls_md5_update(&tctx, buf, 32);
  mbedtls_md5_finish(&tctx, digest_total);
#endif
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_POLARSSL
  md5_starts(&tctx);
  md5_update(&tctx, buf, 32);
  md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  md5_update(&tctx, (const unsigned char *)*nonce, strlen(*nonce));
  md5_update(&tctx, (unsigned char *)":", 1);
  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    snprintf((char *)buf + 2 * i, 3, "%02x", digest_mu[i]);
  md5_update(&tctx, buf, 32);
  md5_finish(&tctx, digest_total);
#endif

  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    snprintf((char *)buf + 2 * i, 3, "%02x", digest_total[i]);

  if (!strcmp(response, (const char *)buf))
    return 0;
  warn("Password authorization failed.");

authenticate:
  resp->respcode = 401;
  int hdrlen = strlen(*nonce) + 40;
  char *authhdr = malloc(hdrlen);
  snprintf(authhdr, hdrlen, "Digest realm=\"raop\", nonce=\"%s\"", *nonce);
  msg_add_header(resp, "WWW-Authenticate", authhdr);
  free(authhdr);
  return 1;
}

void rtsp_conversation_thread_cleanup_function(void *arg) {
  rtsp_conn_info *conn = (rtsp_conn_info *)arg;
  int oldState;
  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &oldState);

  debug(2, "Connection %d: rtsp_conversation_thread_func_cleanup_function called.",
        conn->connection_number);
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
  // AP2
  teardown_phase_one(conn);
  teardown_phase_two(conn);
#else
  // AP1
  if (have_play_lock(conn)) {
    teardown(conn);
    release_play_lock(conn);
  }
#endif

  debug(3, "Connection %d terminating:Closing timing, control and audio sockets...",
        conn->connection_number);
  if (conn->control_socket) {
    close(conn->control_socket);
  }
  if (conn->timing_socket) {
    close(conn->timing_socket);
  }
  if (conn->audio_socket) {
    close(conn->audio_socket);
  }

  if (conn->fd > 0) {
    debug(3, "Connection %d terminating: closing fd %d.", conn->connection_number, conn->fd);
    close(conn->fd);
    debug(3, "Connection %d terminating: closed fd %d.", conn->connection_number, conn->fd);

    debug(1, "Connection %d Closed by self: from %s:%u to self at %s:%u.",
          conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port,
          conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
  }
  if (conn->auth_nonce) {
    free(conn->auth_nonce);
    conn->auth_nonce = NULL;
  }

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
  buf_drain(&conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.plaintext_read_buffer, -1);
  buf_drain(&conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.encrypted_read_buffer, -1);
  pair_cipher_free(conn->ap2_pairing_context.control_cipher_bundle.cipher_ctx);
  pair_setup_free(conn->ap2_pairing_context.setup_ctx);
  pair_verify_free(conn->ap2_pairing_context.verify_ctx);
  if (conn->airplay_gid) {
    free(conn->airplay_gid);
    conn->airplay_gid = NULL;
  }
#endif

  rtp_terminate(conn);

  if (conn->dacp_id) {
    free(conn->dacp_id);
    conn->dacp_id = NULL;
  }

  if (conn->UserAgent) {
    free(conn->UserAgent);
    conn->UserAgent = NULL;
  }

  // remove flow control and mutexes
  int rc = pthread_mutex_destroy(&conn->volume_control_mutex);
  if (rc)
    debug(1, "Connection %d: error %d destroying volume_control_mutex.", conn->connection_number,
          rc);
  rc = pthread_cond_destroy(&conn->flowcontrol);
  if (rc)
    debug(1, "Connection %d: error %d destroying flow control condition variable.",
          conn->connection_number, rc);
  rc = pthread_mutex_destroy(&conn->ab_mutex);
  if (rc)
    debug(1, "Connection %d: error %d destroying ab_mutex.", conn->connection_number, rc);
  rc = pthread_mutex_destroy(&conn->flush_mutex);
  if (rc)
    debug(1, "Connection %d: error %d destroying flush_mutex.", conn->connection_number, rc);

  debug(3, "Cancel watchdog thread.");
  pthread_cancel(conn->player_watchdog_thread);
  debug(3, "Join watchdog thread.");
  pthread_join(conn->player_watchdog_thread, NULL);
  debug(3, "Delete watchdog mutex.");
  pthread_mutex_destroy(&conn->watchdog_mutex);

  // debug(3, "Connection %d: Checking play lock.", conn->connection_number);
  // release_play_lock(conn);

  debug(2, "Connection %d: Closed.", conn->connection_number);
  conn->running = 0;
  pthread_setcancelstate(oldState, NULL);
}

void msg_cleanup_function(void *arg) {
  // debug(3, "msg_cleanup_function called.");
  msg_free((rtsp_message **)arg);
}

static void *rtsp_conversation_thread_func(void *pconn) {
  rtsp_conn_info *conn = pconn;

  // create the watchdog mutex, initialise the watchdog time and start the watchdog thread;
  conn->watchdog_bark_time = get_absolute_time_in_ns();
  pthread_mutex_init(&conn->watchdog_mutex, NULL);
  pthread_create(&conn->player_watchdog_thread, NULL, &player_watchdog_thread_code, (void *)conn);

  int rc = pthread_mutex_init(&conn->flush_mutex, NULL);
  if (rc)
    die("Connection %d: error %d initialising flush_mutex.", conn->connection_number, rc);
  rc = pthread_mutex_init(&conn->ab_mutex, NULL);
  if (rc)
    die("Connection %d: error %d initialising ab_mutex.", conn->connection_number, rc);
  rc = pthread_cond_init(&conn->flowcontrol, NULL);
  if (rc)
    die("Connection %d: error %d initialising flow control condition variable.",
        conn->connection_number, rc);
  rc = pthread_mutex_init(&conn->volume_control_mutex, NULL);
  if (rc)
    die("Connection %d: error %d initialising volume_control_mutex.", conn->connection_number, rc);

  // nothing before this is cancellable
  pthread_cleanup_push(rtsp_conversation_thread_cleanup_function, (void *)conn);

  rtp_initialise(conn);
  char *hdr = NULL;

  enum rtsp_read_request_response reply;

  int rtsp_read_request_attempt_count = 1; // 1 means exit immediately
  rtsp_message *req, *resp;

#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
  conn->ap2_audio_buffer_size = 1024 * 1024 * 8;
#endif

  while (conn->stop == 0) {
    int debug_level = 3; // for printing the request and response
    reply = rtsp_read_request(conn, &req);
    if (reply == rtsp_read_request_response_ok) {
      pthread_cleanup_push(msg_cleanup_function, (void *)&req);
      resp = msg_init();
      pthread_cleanup_push(msg_cleanup_function, (void *)&resp);
      resp->respcode = 501; // Not Implemented
      int dl = debug_level;
      if ((strcmp(req->method, "OPTIONS") == 0) ||
          (strcmp(req->method, "POST") ==
           0)) // the options message is very common, so don't log it until level 3
        dl = 3;

      if (conn->airplay_stream_category == remote_control_stream) {
        debug(dl, "Connection %d (RC): Received an RTSP Packet of type \"%s\":",
              conn->connection_number, req->method),
            debug_log_rtsp_message(dl, NULL, req);
      } else {
        debug(dl, "Connection %d: Received an RTSP Packet of type \"%s\":", conn->connection_number,
              req->method),
            debug_log_rtsp_message(dl, NULL, req);
      }
      apple_challenge(conn->fd, req, resp);
      hdr = msg_get_header(req, "CSeq");
      if (hdr)
        msg_add_header(resp, "CSeq", hdr);
        //      msg_add_header(resp, "Audio-Jack-Status", "connected; type=analog");
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
      msg_add_header(resp, "Server", "AirTunes/366.0");
#else
      msg_add_header(resp, "Server", "AirTunes/105.1");
#endif

      if ((conn->authorized == 1) || (rtsp_auth(&conn->auth_nonce, req, resp)) == 0) {
        conn->authorized = 1; // it must have been authorized or didn't need a password
        struct method_handler *mh;
        int method_selected = 0;
        for (mh = method_handlers; mh->method; mh++) {
          if (!strcmp(mh->method, req->method)) {
            method_selected = 1;
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
            if (conn->airplay_type == ap_1)
              mh->ap1_handler(conn, req, resp);
            else
              mh->ap2_handler(conn, req, resp);
#else
            mh->handler(conn, req, resp);
#endif
            break;
          }
        }
        if (method_selected == 0) {
          debug(1,
                "Connection %d: Unrecognised and unhandled rtsp request \"%s\". HTTP Response Code "
                "501 (\"Not Implemented\") returned.",
                conn->connection_number, req->method);

          int y = req->contentlength;
          if (y > 0) {
            char obf[4096];
            if (y > 4096)
              y = 4096;
            char *p = req->content;
            char *obfp = obf;
            int obfc;
            for (obfc = 0; obfc < y; obfc++) {
              snprintf(obfp, 3, "%02X", (unsigned int)*p);
              p++;
              obfp += 2;
            };
            *obfp = 0;
            debug(1, "Content: \"%s\".", obf);
          }
        }
      }
      if (conn->airplay_stream_category == remote_control_stream) {
        debug(dl, "Connection %d (RC): RTSP Response:", conn->connection_number);
        debug_log_rtsp_message(dl, NULL, resp);
      } else {
        debug(dl, "Connection %d: RTSP Response:", conn->connection_number);
        debug_log_rtsp_message(dl, NULL, resp);
      }
      if (conn->stop == 0) {
        int err = msg_write_response(conn, resp);
        if (err) {
          debug(1,
                "Connection %d: Unable to write an RTSP message response. Terminating the "
                "connection.",
                conn->connection_number);
          struct linger so_linger;
          so_linger.l_onoff = 1; // "true"
          so_linger.l_linger = 0;
          err = setsockopt(conn->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, &so_linger, sizeof so_linger);
          if (err)
            debug(1, "Could not set the RTSP socket to abort due to a write error on closing.");
          conn->stop = 1;
          // if (debuglev >= 1)
          //  debuglev = 3; // see what happens next
        }
      }
      pthread_cleanup_pop(1);
      pthread_cleanup_pop(1);
    } else {
      int tstop = 0;
      if (reply == rtsp_read_request_response_immediate_shutdown_requested)
        tstop = 1;
      else if ((reply == rtsp_read_request_response_channel_closed) ||
               (reply == rtsp_read_request_response_read_error)) {
        if (conn->player_thread) {
          rtsp_read_request_attempt_count--;
          if (rtsp_read_request_attempt_count == 0) {
            tstop = 1;
            if (reply == rtsp_read_request_response_read_error) {
              struct linger so_linger;
              so_linger.l_onoff = 1; // "true"
              so_linger.l_linger = 0;
              int err = setsockopt(conn->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, &so_linger, sizeof so_linger);
              if (err)
                debug(1, "Could not set the RTSP socket to abort due to a read error on closing.");
            }
            // debuglev = 3; // see what happens next
          } else {
            if (reply == rtsp_read_request_response_channel_closed)
              debug(2,
                    "Connection %d: RTSP channel unexpectedly closed -- will try again %d time(s).",
                    conn->connection_number, rtsp_read_request_attempt_count);
            if (reply == rtsp_read_request_response_read_error)
              debug(2, "Connection %d: RTSP channel read error -- will try again %d time(s).",
                    conn->connection_number, rtsp_read_request_attempt_count);
            usleep(20000);
          }
        } else {
          tstop = 1;
        }
      } else if (reply == rtsp_read_request_response_bad_packet) {
        char *response_text = "RTSP/1.0 400 Bad Request\r\nServer: AirTunes/105.1\r\n\r\n";
        ssize_t reply = write(conn->fd, response_text, strlen(response_text));
        if (reply == -1) {
          char errorstring[1024];
          strerror_r(errno, (char *)errorstring, sizeof(errorstring));
          debug(1, "rtsp_read_request_response_bad_packet write response error %d: \"%s\".", errno,
                (char *)errorstring);
        } else if (reply != (ssize_t)strlen(response_text)) {
          debug(1, "rtsp_read_request_response_bad_packet write %d bytes requested but %d written.",
                strlen(response_text), reply);
        }
      } else {
        debug(1, "Connection %d: rtsp_read_request error %d, packet ignored.",
              conn->connection_number, (int)reply);
      }
      if (tstop) {
        debug(3, "Connection %d: Terminate RTSP connection.", conn->connection_number);
        conn->stop = 1;
      }
    }
  }
  pthread_cleanup_pop(1);
  pthread_exit(NULL);
  debug(1, "Connection %d: RTSP thread exit.", conn->connection_number);
}

/*
// this function is not thread safe.
static const char *format_address(struct sockaddr *fsa) {
  static char string[INETx_ADDRSTRLEN];
  void *addr;
#ifdef AF_INET6
  if (fsa->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
    struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(fsa);
    addr = &(sa6->sin6_addr);
  } else
#endif
  {
    struct sockaddr_in *sa = (struct sockaddr_in *)(fsa);
    addr = &(sa->sin_addr);
  }
  return inet_ntop(fsa->sa_family, addr, string, sizeof(string));
}
*/

void rtsp_listen_loop_cleanup_handler(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg) {
  int oldState;
  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &oldState);
  debug(2, "rtsp_listen_loop_cleanup_handler called.");
  cancel_all_RTSP_threads(unspecified_stream_category, 0); // kill all RTSP listeners
  int *sockfd = (int *)arg;
  if (sockfd) {
    int i;
    for (i = 1; i <= sockfd[0]; i++) {
      debug(2, "closing socket %d.", sockfd[i]);
      close(sockfd[i]);
    }
    free(sockfd);
  }
  pthread_setcancelstate(oldState, NULL);
}

void *rtsp_listen_loop(__attribute((unused)) void *arg) {
  int oldState;
  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &oldState);
  struct addrinfo hints, *info, *p;
  char portstr[6];
  int *sockfd = NULL;
  int nsock = 0;
  int i, ret;

  playing_conn = NULL; // the data structure representing the connection that has the player.

  memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
  hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
  hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;

  snprintf(portstr, 6, "%d", config.port);

  // debug(1,"listen socket port request is \"%s\".",portstr);

  ret = getaddrinfo(NULL, portstr, &hints, &info);
  if (ret) {
    die("getaddrinfo failed: %s", gai_strerror(ret));
  }

  for (p = info; p; p = p->ai_next) {
    ret = 0;
    int fd = socket(p->ai_family, p->ai_socktype, IPPROTO_TCP);
    int yes = 1;

    // Handle socket open failures if protocol unavailable (or IPV6 not handled)
    if (fd != -1) {
      // Set the RTSP socket to close on exec() of child processes
      // otherwise background run_this_before_play_begins or run_this_after_play_ends commands
      // that are sleeping prevent the daemon from being restarted because
      // the listening RTSP port is still in use.
      // See: https://github.com/mikebrady/shairport-sync/issues/329
      fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
      ret = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &yes, sizeof(yes));

      struct timeval tv;
      tv.tv_sec = 3; // three seconds write timeout
      tv.tv_usec = 0;
      if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, (const char *)&tv, sizeof tv) == -1)
        debug(1, "Error %d setting send timeout for rtsp writeback.", errno);

      if ((config.dont_check_timeout == 0) && (config.timeout != 0)) {
        tv.tv_sec = config.timeout; // 120 seconds read timeout by default.
        tv.tv_usec = 0;
        if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (const char *)&tv, sizeof tv) == -1)
          debug(1, "Error %d setting read timeout for rtsp connection.", errno);
      }
#ifdef IPV6_V6ONLY
      // some systems don't support v4 access on v6 sockets, but some do.
      // since we need to account for two sockets we might as well
      // always.
      if (p->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
        ret |= setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, &yes, sizeof(yes));
      }
#endif

      if (!ret)
        ret = bind(fd, p->ai_addr, p->ai_addrlen);

      // one of the address families will fail on some systems that
      // report its availability. do not complain.

      if (ret) {
        char *family;
#ifdef AF_INET6
        if (p->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
          family = "IPv6";
        } else
#endif
          family = "IPv4";
        debug(1, "unable to listen on %s port %d. The error is: \"%s\".", family, config.port,
              strerror(errno));
      } else {
        listen(fd, 255);
        nsock++;
        sockfd = realloc(sockfd, (nsock + 1) * sizeof(int));
        sockfd[nsock] = fd;
        sockfd[0] = nsock; // the first entry is the number of sockets in the array
      }
    }

    /*
        listen(fd, 5);
        nsock++;
        sockfd = realloc(sockfd, nsock * sizeof(int));
        sockfd[nsock - 1] = fd;
    */
  }

  freeaddrinfo(info);

  if (nsock) {
    int maxfd = -1;
    fd_set fds;
    FD_ZERO(&fds);
    // skip the first element in sockfd -- it's the count
    for (i = 1; i <= nsock; i++) {
      if (sockfd[i] > maxfd)
        maxfd = sockfd[i];
    }

    char **t1 = txt_records; // ap1 test records
    char **t2 = NULL;        // possibly two text records
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
    // make up a secondary set of text records
    t2 = secondary_txt_records; // second set of text records in AirPlay 2 only
#endif
    build_bonjour_strings(NULL); // no conn yet
    mdns_register(t1, t2); // note that the dacp thread could still be using the mdns stuff after
                           // all player threads have been terminated, so mdns_unregister can't be
                           // in the rtsp_listen_loop cleanup.

    pthread_setcancelstate(oldState, NULL);
    int acceptfd;
    struct timeval tv;
    pthread_cleanup_push(rtsp_listen_loop_cleanup_handler, (void *)sockfd);
    do {
      pthread_testcancel();
      tv.tv_sec = 60;
      tv.tv_usec = 0;

      // skip the first element in sockfd -- it's the count
      for (i = 1; i <= nsock; i++)
        FD_SET(sockfd[i], &fds);

      ret = select(maxfd + 1, &fds, 0, 0, &tv);
      if (ret < 0) {
        if (errno == EINTR)
          continue;
        break;
      }

      cleanup_threads();

      acceptfd = -1;
      // skip the first element in sockfd -- it's the count
      for (i = 1; i <= nsock; i++) {
        if (FD_ISSET(sockfd[i], &fds)) {
          acceptfd = sockfd[i];
          break;
        }
      }
      if (acceptfd < 0) // timeout
        continue;

      rtsp_conn_info *conn = malloc(sizeof(rtsp_conn_info));
      if (conn == 0)
        die("Couldn't allocate memory for an rtsp_conn_info record.");
      memset(conn, 0, sizeof(rtsp_conn_info));
      conn->connection_number = RTSP_connection_index++;
#ifdef CONFIG_AIRPLAY_2
      conn->airplay_type = ap_2;  // changed if an ANNOUNCE is received
      conn->timing_type = ts_ptp; // changed if an ANNOUNCE is received
#endif

      socklen_t size_of_reply = sizeof(SOCKADDR);
      conn->fd = accept(acceptfd, (struct sockaddr *)&conn->remote, &size_of_reply);
      if (conn->fd < 0) {
        debug(1, "Connection %d: New connection on port %d not accepted:", conn->connection_number,
              config.port);
        perror("failed to accept connection");
        free(conn);
      } else {
        size_of_reply = sizeof(SOCKADDR);
        if (getsockname(conn->fd, (struct sockaddr *)&conn->local, &size_of_reply) == 0) {
          // initialise the connection info
          void *client_addr = NULL, *self_addr = NULL;
          conn->connection_ip_family = conn->local.SAFAMILY;

#ifdef AF_INET6
          if (conn->connection_ip_family == AF_INET6) {
            struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&conn->remote;
            client_addr = &(sa6->sin6_addr);
            conn->client_rtsp_port = ntohs(sa6->sin6_port);

            sa6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&conn->local;
            self_addr = &(sa6->sin6_addr);
            conn->self_rtsp_port = ntohs(sa6->sin6_port);
            conn->self_scope_id = sa6->sin6_scope_id;
          }
#endif
          if (conn->connection_ip_family == AF_INET) {
            struct sockaddr_in *sa4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)&conn->remote;
            client_addr = &(sa4->sin_addr);
            conn->client_rtsp_port = ntohs(sa4->sin_port);

            sa4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)&conn->local;
            self_addr = &(sa4->sin_addr);
            conn->self_rtsp_port = ntohs(sa4->sin_port);
          }

          inet_ntop(conn->connection_ip_family, client_addr, conn->client_ip_string,
                    sizeof(conn->client_ip_string));
          inet_ntop(conn->connection_ip_family, self_addr, conn->self_ip_string,
                    sizeof(conn->self_ip_string));

          debug(2, "Connection %d: New connection from %s:%u to self at %s:%u.",
                conn->connection_number, conn->client_ip_string, conn->client_rtsp_port,
                conn->self_ip_string, conn->self_rtsp_port);
          conn->connection_start_time = get_absolute_time_in_ns();
        } else {
          debug(1, "Error figuring out Shairport Sync's own IP number.");
        }

        ret = pthread_create(&conn->thread, NULL, rtsp_conversation_thread_func,
                             conn); // also acts as a memory barrier
        if (ret) {
          char errorstring[1024];
          strerror_r(ret, (char *)errorstring, sizeof(errorstring));
          die("Connection %d: cannot create an RTSP conversation thread. Error %d: \"%s\".",
              conn->connection_number, ret, (char *)errorstring);
        }
        debug(3, "Successfully created RTSP receiver thread %d.", conn->connection_number);
        conn->running = 1; // this must happen before the thread is tracked
        track_thread(conn);
      }
    } while (1);
    pthread_cleanup_pop(1); // should never happen
  } else {
    warn("could not establish a service on port %d -- program terminating. Is another instance of "
         "Shairport Sync running on this device?",
         config.port);
  }
  debug(1, "Oops -- fell out of the RTSP select loop");
  pthread_exit(NULL);
}