paper.md

title	tags	authors	affiliations	date	bibliography
ENZO: An Adaptive Mesh Refinement Code for Astrophysics (Version 2.6)	adaptive mesh refinement astrophysics galaxy formation	name orcid affiliation Corey Brummel-Smith 0000-0001-6204-5181 4 name orcid affiliation Greg Bryan 0000-0003-2630-9228 1, 2 name orcid affiliation Iryna Butsky 0000-0003-1257-5007 14 name orcid affiliation Lauren Corlies 0000-0002-0646-1540 5, 6 name orcid affiliation Andrew Emerick 0000-0003-2807-328X 1, 10 name orcid affiliation John Forbes 0000-0002-1975-4449 19 name orchid affiliation Yusuke Fujimoto 0000-0002-2107-1460 34 name orcid affiliation Nathan J. Goldbaum 0000-0001-5557-267X 15 name orcid affiliation Philipp Grete 0000-0003-3555-9886 3 name orcid affiliation Cameron B. Hummels 0000-0002-3817-8133 8 name orcid affiliation Ji-hoon Kim 0000-0003-4464-1160 18 name orcid affiliation Daegene Koh 0000-0002-3546-5786 24, 25 name orcid affiliation Miao Li 0000-0003-0773-582X 2 name orcid affiliation Yuan Li 0000-0001-5262-6150 29 name orcid affiliation Xinyu Li 0000-0003-0750-3543 1 name orcid affiliation Brian O'Shea 0000-0002-2786-0348 3, 16 name orcid affiliation Molly S. Peeples 0000-0003-1455-8788 5, 7 name orcid affiliation John A. Regan 0000-0001-9072-6427 11 name orcid affiliation Munier Salem 0000-0002-0197-526X 1 name orcid affiliation Wolfram Schmidt 0000-0001-5233-8087 33 name orcid affiliation Christine M. Simpson 0000-0001-9985-1814 21, 22 name orcid affiliation Britton D. Smith 0000-0002-6804-630X 9 name orcid affiliation Jason Tumlinson 0000-0002-7982-412X 5, 7 name orcid affiliation Matthew J. Turk 0000-0002-5294-0198 15 name orcid affiliation John H. Wise 0000-0003-1173-8847 4 name orcid affiliation Tom Abel 0000-0002-5969-1251 24, 25 name orcid affiliation James Bordner 0000-0002-2625-5787 20 name orcid affiliation Renyue Cen 0000-0001-8531-9536 27 name orcid affiliation David C. Collins 0000-0001-6661-2243 12 name orcid affiliation Brian Crosby 0000-0003-0179-874X 3 name orcid affiliation Philipp Edelmann 0000-0001-7019-9578 32 name orcid affiliation Oliver Hahn 0000-0001-9440-1152 31 name affiliation Robert Harkness 20 name affiliation Elizabeth Harper-Clark 36 name affiliation Shuo Kong 37 name orcid affiliation Alexei G. Kritsuk 0000-0002-6554-1161 20 name affiliation Michael Kuhlen 29 name affiliation James Larrue 37 name orcid affiliation Eve Lee 0000-0002-1228-9820 37 name affiliation Greg Meece 3 name orcid affiliation Michael L. Norman 0000-0002-6622-8513 20, 23 name orcid affiliation Jeffrey S. Oishi 0000-0001-8531-6570 13 name affiliation Pascal Paschos 20 name affiliation Carolyn Peruta 3 name orcid affiliation Alex Razoumov 0000-0003-4392-6826 35 name orcid affiliation Daniel R. Reynolds 0000-0002-0911-7841 26 name orcid affiliation Devin Silvia 0000-0002-4109-9313 16 name orcid affiliation Samuel W. Skillman 0000-0002-7626-522X 28 name affiliation Stephen Skory 30 name affiliation Geoffrey C So 20 name orcid affiliation Elizabeth Tasker 0000-0001-6692-612X 17 name orcid affiliation Rick Wagner 0000-0003-1291-5876 20 name affiliation Peng Wang 24 name affiliation Hao Xu 20 name affiliation Fen Zhao 24	name index Dept. of Astronomy, Columbia University 1 name index Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute 2 name index Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University 3 name index Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology 4 name index Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University 5 name index Large Synoptic Survey Telescope 6 name index Space Telescope Science Institute 7 name index California Institute of Technology 8 name index Royal Observatory, University of Edinburgh 9 name index American Museum of Natural History 10 name index Center for Astrophysics and Relativity, Dublin City University 11 name index Dept. of Physics, Florida State University 12 name index Physics and Astronomy, Bates College 13 name index Dept. of Astronomy, University of Washington in Seattle 14 name index School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 15 name index Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University 16 name index Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 17 name index Seoul National University, Korea 18 name index Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian 19 name index Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California, San Diego 20 name index Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago 21 name index Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The University of Chicago 22 name index SDSC, University of California, San Diego 23 name index Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University 24 name index Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford 25 name index Department of Mathematics, Southern Methodist University 26 name index Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University 27 name index Descartes Labs 28 name index Theoretical Astrophysics Center, University of California Berkeley 29 name index OnSpot Data 30 name index Observatoire de la C'ote d'Azur 31 name index Max-Planck-Institut for Astrophysik 32 name index Hamburg Observatory, University of Hamburg 33 name index RSAA, Australian National University 34 name index Dept. of Astronomy & Physics, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax 35 name index Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics 36 name index No current affiliation 37	2 August 2019	paper.bib

Summary

Enzo [@EnzoGitRepo] is a block-structured adaptive mesh refinement code that is widely used to simulate astrophysical fluid flows (primarily, but not exclusively, cosmological structure formation, star formation, and turbulence). The code is a community project with dozens of users, and has contributed to hundreds of peer-reviewed publications in astrophysics, physics, and computer science. The code is Cartesian, can be run in one, two, and three dimensions, and supports a wide variety of physics including (magneto)hydrodynamics, the self-gravity of fluids and particles, cosmological expansion, primordial gas chemistry, optically thin radiative plasma cooling, radiation transport, conduction, and models for star formation, stellar feedback, and the feedback from supermassive black holes.

Enzo's original method paper [@EnzoMethodPaper2014] was published in 2014, and documented Version 2.3. This paper describes Enzo's most recent public release, Version 2.6 (released on August 2, 2019; see [@EnzoReleaseNotes]). Since Version 2.3, there have been several new features added to the code:

• Support for the Grackle chemistry and cooling library [@SmithGrackle2017]
• Several new types of adaptive mesh refinement algorithms [@PeeplesFOGGIE2019]
• Cosmic ray pressure, diffusion, and injection [@SalemCRs2014]
• A stochastic forcing module (for driven turbulence calculations) [@SchmidtDrivenTurbulence2009]
• A subgrid-scale turbulence modeling framework [@GreteSGS2017]
• Kinetic supernova feedback [@SimpsonKineticSN2015]
• Magnetic supernova feedback [@ButskyMagneticSN2017]
• An "active particle" framework for complex particle types [@MeeceAGN2017; @ReganRiseSMS2018]
• Fuzzy dark matter evolution [@LiFuzzyDM2019]
• Many new code test problems
• Automated regression testing on GitHub with CircleCI

In addition, there are a much larger number of code enhancements and bug fixes. A complete listing of new features, enhancements, and bug fixes for all code releases can be found at [@EnzoReleaseNotes].

Research with Enzo

Enzo is used extensively in the astrophysics research community. A few recent notable research areas that have benefited from the use of Enzo include:

• Exploration of galaxy formation in the early universe [@SmithPop2Prime2015; @OSheaLuminosity2015; @WiseNature2019]
• Reionization of the universe [@NormanReion2018]
• High resolution examination of the circumgalactic medium around Milky Way-like galaxies [@SalemCRCGM2016; @PeeplesFOGGIE2019]
• The impact of supermassive black holes on the regulation of galaxy cluster cores [@LiAGN2017; @MeeceAGN2017]
• Astrophysical turbulence [@GreteSGS2017; @KritsukTurb2018]
• Star formation, both in a primordial context and in a Milky Way-type environment [@BurkhartMolCloud2017; @ChiakiPop3to2_2019]
• The interstellar medium and its effect on galaxy behavior [@FujimotoGCM2016; @LiISM2017; @GoldbaumDiskGalaxies2016]
• Supernova deflagration [@HristovSNDeflagration2018]

Acknowledgments

The development of Enzo has been funded from a wide variety of sources. The Enzo method paper [@EnzoMethodPaper2014] enumerates support through 2014. Since then, Enzo development has been funded by NASA grants NNX15AP39G (BWO), NNX17AG23G (JHW), NNX17AF87G (DCC), NNX15AB19G (GB), HST-AR-13261.01-A (BWO), HST-AR-13895 (JHW), HST-AR-14315.001-A (BWO), HST-AR-14326 (JHW), HST-AR-15012 (LC), NSF grants AST-1333360 (JHW), AST-1615955 (GB), AST-1514700 (BWO), AST-1517908 (BWO, MSP, LC, JT), AST-1614333 (JHW), AST-1615848 (BDS, MLN), PHY-1430152 (BWO), OAC-1835213 (GB, MLN, BWO, JHW), ACI-1516003 (MLN), AST-1616026 (DCC), AAG AST-1715133 (DCC), OAC-1810074, NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DGE 16-44869 (AE), the Blue Waters Graduate Fellowship, which was supported by NSF grants No. OCI-0725070 and No. ACI-1238993 and the State of Illinois (IB, AE, FG), Michigan State University internal funding (BWO), the Los Alamos National Laboratory Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics (BWO), and the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant – ‘SMARTSTARS’ – grant number 699941 (JAR).

References