diff --git a/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/config.json b/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/config.json index b990181b..31182121 100644 --- a/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/config.json +++ b/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/config.json @@ -22,6 +22,15 @@ "authors": [ "bobahop" ] + }, + { + "uuid": "7aebc1df-c23a-42c9-90c4-f022e40d67e9", + "slug": "when-expression", + "title":"when expression", + "blurb": "Use a when expression to return the answer.", + "authors": [ + "micha-b" + ] } ] } diff --git a/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/introduction.md b/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/introduction.md index 2e84118b..ef234cf0 100644 --- a/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/introduction.md +++ b/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/introduction.md @@ -56,6 +56,23 @@ object Bob { For more information, check the [Answer `List` approach][approach-answer-list]. +## Approach: `when` expression + +```kotlin +object Bob { + fun hey(statement: String): String = + when { + statement.isQuestion() && statement.isYelling() -> "Calm down, I know what I'm doing!" + statement.isQuestion() -> "Sure." + statement.isYelling() -> "Whoa, chill out!" + statement.isSilence() -> "Fine. Be that way!" + else -> "Whatever." + } +} +``` + +For more information, check the [`when` expression approach][approach-when] + ## Which approach to use? The choice between `if` expressions and answers `List` can be made by perceived readability. @@ -65,3 +82,4 @@ The choice between `if` expressions and answers `List` can be made by perceived [dry]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_repeat_yourself [approach-if]: https://exercism.org/tracks/kotlin/exercises/bob/approaches/if-expressions [approach-answer-list]: https://exercism.org/tracks/kotlin/exercises/bob/approaches/answer-list +[approach-when]: https://exercism.org/tracks/kotlin/exercises/bob/approaches/when-expression diff --git a/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/when-expression/content.md b/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/when-expression/content.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f03f3b10 --- /dev/null +++ b/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/when-expression/content.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +# `when` expressions + +```kotlin +object Bob { + fun hey(statement: String): String = + when { + statement.isQuestion() && statement.isYelling() -> "Calm down, I know what I'm doing!" + statement.isQuestion() -> "Sure." + statement.isYelling() -> "Whoa, chill out!" + statement.isSilence() -> "Fine. Be that way!" + else -> "Whatever." + } + + private fun String.isSilence(): Boolean = this.isBlank() + private fun String.isQuestion(): Boolean = this.trim().endsWith('?') + private fun String.isYelling(): Boolean = any(Char::isLetter) && toUpperCase() == this +} +``` + +In this approach you have a `when` expression containing different so-called branches that can be matched using the corresponding patterns. +As soon as one of these patterns on the left side of the arrow (`->`) is matched ... + +1. the value on the right side +2. the block on the right side is executed and the value retuned from the block + +... is returned from the `when` expression. + +Only one branch is matched in one execution of the `when` expression. The branches are matched from top to bottom and the first branch in which the condition evaluates to `true` is selected. +If none of the given conditions matches the `else` branch is selected and returned. + +~~~~exercism/caution +Depending on what patterns are on the left side of your branches the order of branches is important to the correct execution of the `when` expression since the first matching branch is selected. +~~~~ + +An [object declaration][object] is used to define `Bob` as essentially a [singleton][singleton] object instantiation of the class. +This is sufficient, since there is no object state that needs to change with each call of the `hey` method. + +Inside this object there are some `private` [extension methods as members][extension-members] of the `object`. This adds these methods to the `String` data type for `private` usage of these methods in this `object`. This allows calling the methods directly on the `String` instead of passing the `String` to the method. +(More about extension methods in general [here][extension-general]) + +These extension methods check for: + +1. `isSilence()`: a blank string +2. `isQuestion()`: a string with the last non-whitespace-character being a question mark +3. `isYelling()`: a string with all letters in uppercase + +When combining these methods as in the `when` expression above you can map all the cases required by the exercise. + + +[when]: https://kotlinlang.org/docs/control-flow.html#when-expression +[object]: https://kotlinlang.org/docs/object-declarations.html#object-declarations-overview +[singleton]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern +[extension-members]: https://kotlinlang.org/docs/extensions.html#declaring-extensions-as-members +[extension-general]: https://kotlinlang.org/docs/extensions.html \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/when-expression/snippet.txt b/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/when-expression/snippet.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..54748ff8 --- /dev/null +++ b/exercises/practice/bob/.approaches/when-expression/snippet.txt @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +fun hey(statement: String): String = + when { + statement.isQuestion() && statement.isYelling() -> "Calm down, I know what I'm doing!" + statement.isQuestion() -> "Sure." + statement.isYelling() -> "Whoa, chill out!" + statement.isSilence() -> "Fine. Be that way!" + else -> "Whatever." + } \ No newline at end of file