diff --git a/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/dependencies.py b/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/dependencies.py
index b8ee898ff..2fbc9a1c4 100644
--- a/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/dependencies.py
+++ b/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/dependencies.py
@@ -15,7 +15,32 @@ def parse_path(path: str | Path | None) -> Path:
     :param path: System path to parse. Defaults to the file's current working directory if unspecified.
     :return: An absolute Path representation of the path parameter.
     """
-    logger.info("Parsing path.")
+    logger.debug("Parsing path %s", path)
     if path is None:
         path = "."
     return Path().cwd() if path == "." else Path(path).absolute()
+
+
+def safe_join(root_dir: str | Path | None, filename: str | Path) -> Path:
+    """Combine a trusted directory path with an untrusted filename to get a full path.
+
+    :param root_dir: Trusted path/directory.
+    :param filename: Untrusted filename to join to the trusted path. Any path components are stripped off.
+    :return: Fully joined path with filename.
+    """
+    logger.debug("Safely joining path '%s' with filename '%s'", root_dir, filename)
+
+    if not filename or not str(filename).strip():
+        raise ValueError("filename must not be empty")
+
+    stripped_filename = Path(str(filename)).name.strip()
+
+    if not stripped_filename:
+        raise ValueError("filename must not be empty")
+
+    parent_dir = parse_path(root_dir).resolve()
+    full_path = parent_dir.joinpath(stripped_filename).resolve()
+    if not full_path.is_relative_to(parent_dir):
+        raise ValueError("Could not safely join paths.")
+
+    return full_path
diff --git a/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/main.py b/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/main.py
index 929484a84..f9537163a 100644
--- a/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/main.py
+++ b/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/main.py
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@
 from http import HTTPStatus
 from pathlib import Path
 from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Annotated, Any
 
 import uvicorn
-from bailo_modelscan_api.config import Settings
-from bailo_modelscan_api.dependencies import parse_path
 from fastapi import BackgroundTasks, Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, UploadFile
 from modelscan.modelscan import ModelScan
 
+from bailo_modelscan_api.config import Settings
+from bailo_modelscan_api.dependencies import safe_join
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ def health_check() -> dict[str, str]:
     status_code=HTTPStatus.OK,
     response_description="The result from ModelScan",
 )
-def scan_file(in_file: UploadFile, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks) -> dict[str, Any]:
+def scan_file(
+    in_file: UploadFile, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks, settings: Annotated[Settings, Depends(get_settings)]
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
     """API endpoint to upload and scan a file using modelscan.
 
     :param in_file: uploaded file to be scanned
@@ -76,11 +78,17 @@ def scan_file(in_file: UploadFile, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks) -> dict[st
     logger.info("Called the API endpoint to scan an uploaded file")
     try:
         # Use Setting's download_dir if defined else use a temporary directory.
-        with (
-            TemporaryDirectory() if not get_settings().download_dir else nullcontext(get_settings().download_dir)
-        ) as download_dir:
+        with TemporaryDirectory() if not settings.download_dir else nullcontext(settings.download_dir) as download_dir:
             if in_file.filename and str(in_file.filename).strip():
-                pathlib_path = Path.joinpath(parse_path(download_dir), str(in_file.filename))
+                # Prevent escaping to a parent dir
+                try:
+                    pathlib_path = safe_join(download_dir, in_file.filename)
+                except ValueError:
+                    logger.exception("Failed to safely join the filename to the path.")
+                    raise HTTPException(
+                        status_code=HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                        detail="An error occurred while processing the uploaded file's name.",
+                    )
             else:
                 raise HTTPException(
                     status_code=HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
@@ -92,7 +100,7 @@ def scan_file(in_file: UploadFile, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks) -> dict[st
             # doesn't currently support streaming.
             try:
                 with open(pathlib_path, "wb") as out_file:
-                    while content := in_file.file.read(get_settings().block_size):
+                    while content := in_file.file.read(settings.block_size):
                         out_file.write(content)
             except OSError as exception:
                 logger.exception("Failed writing the file to the disk.")
diff --git a/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/test_dependencies.py b/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/test_dependencies.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..17f452bc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/test_dependencies.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""Test for the main.py file.
+"""
+
+import itertools
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+from .dependencies import safe_join
+
+
+# Helpers
+
+
+def string_path_matrix(path1, path2):
+    # List of pairs of paths, as a str and Path representation of each.
+    return itertools.product(*[[str(x), Path(x)] for x in [path1, path2]])
+
+
+def helper_test_safe_join(path1, path2, output):
+    # check expected output given 2 inputs
+    for test_dir, test_file in string_path_matrix(path1, path2):
+        res = safe_join(test_dir, test_file)
+        assert res == output
+
+
+def helper_test_safe_join_catch(path1, path2):
+    # check error thrown given two inputs
+    for test_dir, test_file in string_path_matrix(path1, path2):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            safe_join(test_dir, test_file)
+
+
+# Tests
+
+
+def test_safe_join_blank():
+    helper_test_safe_join("", "foo.bar", Path.cwd().joinpath("foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_local():
+    helper_test_safe_join(".", "foo.bar", Path.cwd().joinpath("foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", "foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath("foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_trailing():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp/", "foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath("foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_dot():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", ".foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath(".foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_slash():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", "/foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath("foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_double_slash():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", "//foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath("foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_dot_slash():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", "./foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath("foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_dot_slash_dot():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", "./.foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath(".foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_double_dot():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", "..foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath("..foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_double_dot_slash():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", "../foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath("foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_abs_double_dot_slash_dot():
+    helper_test_safe_join("/tmp", "../.foo.bar", Path("/tmp").joinpath(".foo.bar"))
+
+
+def test_safe_join_fail_blank():
+    helper_test_safe_join_catch("/tmp", "")
+
+
+def test_safe_join_fail_dot():
+    helper_test_safe_join_catch("/tmp", ".")
+
+
+def test_safe_join_fail_double_dot():
+    helper_test_safe_join_catch("/tmp", "..")
+
+
+def test_safe_join_fail_slash():
+    helper_test_safe_join_catch("/tmp", "/")
+
+
+def test_safe_join_fail_double_slash():
+    helper_test_safe_join_catch("/tmp", "//")
diff --git a/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/test_main.py b/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/test_main.py
index 590e95c36..05492e8aa 100644
--- a/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/test_main.py
+++ b/lib/modelscan_api/bailo_modelscan_api/test_main.py
@@ -37,6 +37,26 @@ def test_scan_file(mock_scan: Mock):
     mock_scan.assert_called_once()
 
 
+@patch("modelscan.modelscan.ModelScan.scan")
+def test_scan_file_escape_path(mock_scan: Mock):
+    mock_scan.return_value = {}
+    files = {"in_file": ("../foo.bar", rb"", "application/x-hdf5")}
+
+    response = client.post("/scan/file", files=files)
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    mock_scan.assert_called_once()
+
+
+def test_scan_file_escape_path_error():
+    files = {"in_file": ("..", rb"", "text/plain")}
+
+    response = client.post("/scan/file", files=files)
+
+    assert response.status_code == 500
+    assert response.json() == {"detail": "An error occurred while processing the uploaded file's name."}
+
+
 @patch("modelscan.modelscan.ModelScan.scan")
 def test_scan_file_exception(mock_scan: Mock):
     mock_scan.side_effect = Exception("Mocked error!")