Support for captureFeedback function

[bruno-garcia]

Description

This function is the base functionality needed to allow capturing user feedback while including tags, replay_id, trace_id, etc.
It's part of the 'new user feedback' product (getsentry/sentry#64671) that was shipped for Web. That included a built-in widget, that allows screenshot attachment, and under the hood relies on this new function that deprecates the old captureUserFeedback which required an event_id. The new function optionally takes a related event_id and will contain relevant context stand alone.

This means a new envelope format for feedback was introduced.
The new Feedback product architecture has thoroughly documented by @aliu39 here:

• https://develop.sentry.dev/application/feedback-architecture/

This new function will allow outgoing feedbacks to be tied to Session Replay, which is currently Open Beta and we're working on GA:

• [Epic] Mobile Replay: GA sentry#74441

The develop docs have not been added yet, but the ticket with details about it is here:

• SDK docs for User Feedback v2 develop#1206

Relates to:

• Add new captureFeedback to RN SDK sentry-react-native#3859
• Support for captureFeedback function sentry-java#3599
• Add function to capture user feedback sentry-go#842
• Image upload option during user feedback sentry-dart#1593
• Rename sendFeedback to captureFeedback & enhance it sentry-javascript#10953