From 900697b4f6777cc145d83fc8812dab12bc68702a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matt Johnson-Pint <matt.johnson-pint@sentry.io>
Date: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 23:13:32 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Apply WinUI 3 exception handler in Sentry core (#1863)

---
 CHANGELOG.md                                  |   1 +
 samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml     |   7 +
 samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml.cs  |   5 +
 .../Internal/SentryMauiInitializer.cs         |  76 +---------
 .../WinUIUnhandledExceptionIntegration.cs     | 135 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/Sentry/SentryOptions.cs                   |   7 +
 6 files changed, 156 insertions(+), 75 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/Sentry/Integrations/WinUIUnhandledExceptionIntegration.cs

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 5732b5040a..24abb73f56 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 - Add `Distribution` properties ([#1851](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-dotnet/pull/1851))
 - Add and configure options for the iOS SDK ([#1849](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-dotnet/pull/1849))
 - Set default `Release` and `Distribution` for iOS and Android ([#1856](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-dotnet/pull/1856))
+- Apply WinUI 3 exception handler in Sentry core ([#1863](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-dotnet/pull/1863))
 
 ### Fixes
 
diff --git a/samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml b/samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml
index 24c1b19ec7..d1519f610c 100644
--- a/samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml
+++ b/samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml
@@ -49,6 +49,13 @@
                 Clicked="OnUnhandledExceptionClicked"
                 HorizontalOptions="Center" />
 
+            <Button
+                x:Name="ThrowBackgroundUnhandledBtn"
+                Text="Throw Unhandled .NET Exception on Background Thread (Crash)"
+                SemanticProperties.Hint="Throws an unhandled .NET exception on a background thread, crashing the app."
+                Clicked="OnBackgroundThreadUnhandledExceptionClicked"
+                HorizontalOptions="Center" />
+
             <Button
                 x:Name="JavaCrashBtn"
                 Text="Throw Java Exception (Crash)"
diff --git a/samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml.cs b/samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml.cs
index 9b91d23ce8..b23b2af1c3 100644
--- a/samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml.cs
+++ b/samples/Sentry.Samples.Maui/MainPage.xaml.cs
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ private void OnUnhandledExceptionClicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
         SentrySdk.CauseCrash(CrashType.Managed);
     }
 
+    private void OnBackgroundThreadUnhandledExceptionClicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
+    {
+        SentrySdk.CauseCrash(CrashType.ManagedBackgroundThread);
+    }
+
     private void OnCapturedExceptionClicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
     {
         try
diff --git a/src/Sentry.Maui/Internal/SentryMauiInitializer.cs b/src/Sentry.Maui/Internal/SentryMauiInitializer.cs
index 4a7d48949c..1646a34dc6 100644
--- a/src/Sentry.Maui/Internal/SentryMauiInitializer.cs
+++ b/src/Sentry.Maui/Internal/SentryMauiInitializer.cs
@@ -1,19 +1,14 @@
-using System.Reflection;
-using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
-using Sentry.Protocol;
 
 namespace Sentry.Maui.Internal;
 
 internal class SentryMauiInitializer : IMauiInitializeService
 {
-    private Exception? _lastFirstChanceException;
-
     public void Initialize(IServiceProvider services)
     {
         var options = services.GetRequiredService<IOptions<SentryMauiOptions>>().Value;
         var disposer = services.GetRequiredService<Disposer>();
-        
+
         var disposable = SentrySdk.Init(options);
 
         // Register the return value from initializing the SDK with the disposer.
@@ -24,74 +19,5 @@ public void Initialize(IServiceProvider services)
         // Bind MAUI events
         var binder = services.GetRequiredService<MauiEventsBinder>();
         binder.BindMauiEvents();
-
-        // Register with the WinUI unhandled exception handler when needed
-        RegisterApplicationUnhandledExceptionForWinUI();
-    }
-
-    private void RegisterApplicationUnhandledExceptionForWinUI()
-    {
-        // We need to manually attach to the unhandled exception handler on Windows
-        // Note that stack traces will be empty until the following issue is resolved:
-        // https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml/issues/7160
-
-        // We'll do this at runtime via reflection so that we don't have to specifically
-        // build a target Windows just for this feature.
-
-        if (!RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows))
-        {
-            // Not running on Windows
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Locate the Microsoft.WinUI assembly from the AppDomain
-        var assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
-        var assembly = Array.Find(assemblies, x => x.GetName().Name == "Microsoft.WinUI");
-        if (assembly == null)
-        {
-            // Not in a WinUI app
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Reflection equivalent of:
-        //   Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Application.Current.UnhandledException += WinUIUnhandledExceptionHandler;
-        //
-        EventHandler handler = WinUIUnhandledExceptionHandler!;
-        var applicationType = assembly.GetType("Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Application")!;
-        var application = applicationType.GetProperty("Current")!.GetValue(null);
-        var eventInfo = applicationType.GetEvent("UnhandledException")!;
-        var typedHandler = Delegate.CreateDelegate(eventInfo.EventHandlerType!, handler.Target, handler.Method);
-        eventInfo.AddEventHandler(application, typedHandler);
-
-        // Workaround for https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml/issues/7160
-        AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FirstChanceException += (_, e) => _lastFirstChanceException = e.Exception;
-    }
-
-    private void WinUIUnhandledExceptionHandler(object sender, object e)
-    {
-        var eventArgsType = e.GetType();
-        var handled = (bool)eventArgsType.GetProperty("Handled")!.GetValue(e)!;
-        var exception = (Exception)eventArgsType.GetProperty("Exception")!.GetValue(e)!;
-
-        // Workaround for https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml/issues/7160
-        if (exception.StackTrace is null)
-        {
-            exception = _lastFirstChanceException!;
-        }
-
-        CaptureUnhandledException(handled, exception, "Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Application.UnhandledException");
-    }
-
-    private static void CaptureUnhandledException(bool handled, Exception exception, string mechanism)
-    {
-        // Set some useful data and capture the exception
-        exception.Data[Mechanism.HandledKey] = handled;
-        exception.Data[Mechanism.MechanismKey] = mechanism;
-        SentrySdk.CaptureException(exception);
-        if (!handled)
-        {
-            // We're crashing, so flush events to Sentry right away
-            SentrySdk.Close();
-        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Sentry/Integrations/WinUIUnhandledExceptionIntegration.cs b/src/Sentry/Integrations/WinUIUnhandledExceptionIntegration.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2199f3be7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Sentry/Integrations/WinUIUnhandledExceptionIntegration.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
+using System;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Reflection;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using Sentry.Extensibility;
+
+namespace Sentry.Integrations
+{
+    // This integration hooks unhandled exceptions in WinUI 3.
+    // The primary hook is Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Application.Current.UnhandledException
+    //
+    // There are some quirks to be aware of:
+    //
+    // - By default, important details (message, stack trace, etc.) are stripped away.
+    //   We can work around this by catching first-chance exceptions.
+    //   See: https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml/issues/7160
+    //
+    // - Exceptions from background threads are not caught here.
+    //   However, they are caught by System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException,
+    //   which we already hook in our AppDomainUnhandledExceptionIntegration
+    //   See: https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml/issues/5221
+    //
+    // Note that we use reflection in this integration to get at WinUI code.
+    // If we ever add a Windows platform target (net6.0-windows, etc.), we could refactor to avoid reflection.
+    //
+    // This integration is for WinUI 3.  It does NOT work for UWP (WinUI 2).
+    // For UWP, the calling application will need to hook the event handler.
+    // See https://docs.sentry.io/platforms/dotnet/guides/uwp/
+    // (We can't do it automatically without a separate UWP class library,
+    // due to a security exception when attempting to attach the event dynamically.)
+
+    internal class WinUIUnhandledExceptionIntegration : ISdkIntegration
+    {
+        private static readonly byte[] WinUIPublicKeyToken = Convert.FromHexString("de31ebe4ad15742b");
+        private static readonly Assembly? WinUIAssembly = GetWinUIAssembly();
+
+        private Exception? _lastFirstChanceException;
+        private IHub _hub = null!;
+        private SentryOptions _options = null!;
+
+        public static bool IsApplicable => WinUIAssembly != null;
+
+        public void Register(IHub hub, SentryOptions options)
+        {
+            if (!IsApplicable)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            _hub = hub;
+            _options = options;
+
+            // Hook the main event handler
+            AttachEventHandler();
+
+            // First part of workaround for https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml/issues/7160
+            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FirstChanceException += (_, e) => _lastFirstChanceException = e.Exception;
+        }
+
+        private static Assembly? GetWinUIAssembly()
+        {
+            if (!RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows))
+            {
+                // Not running on Windows
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            // Attempt to locate the Microsoft.WinUI assembly from the AppDomain
+            var assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
+            return Array.Find(assemblies, x =>
+            {
+                // check by name and public key token
+                var assemblyName = x.GetName();
+                return assemblyName.Name == "Microsoft.WinUI" &&
+                       assemblyName.GetPublicKeyToken()?.SequenceEqual(WinUIPublicKeyToken) is true;
+            });
+        }
+
+        private void AttachEventHandler()
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                // Reflection equivalent of:
+                //   Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Application.Current.UnhandledException += WinUIUnhandledExceptionHandler;
+                //
+                EventHandler handler = WinUIUnhandledExceptionHandler!;
+                var applicationType = WinUIAssembly!.GetType("Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Application")!;
+                var application = applicationType.GetProperty("Current")!.GetValue(null);
+                var eventInfo = applicationType.GetEvent("UnhandledException")!;
+                var typedHandler = Delegate.CreateDelegate(eventInfo.EventHandlerType!, handler.Target, handler.Method);
+                eventInfo.AddEventHandler(application, typedHandler);
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                _options.LogError("Could not attach WinUIUnhandledExceptionHandler.", ex);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void WinUIUnhandledExceptionHandler(object sender, object e)
+        {
+            bool handled;
+            Exception exception;
+            try
+            {
+                var eventArgsType = e.GetType();
+                handled = (bool)eventArgsType.GetProperty("Handled")!.GetValue(e)!;
+                exception = (Exception)eventArgsType.GetProperty("Exception")!.GetValue(e)!;
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                _options.LogError("Could not get exception details in WinUIUnhandledExceptionHandler.", ex);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // Second part of workaround for https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml/issues/7160
+            if (exception.StackTrace is null)
+            {
+                exception = _lastFirstChanceException!;
+            }
+
+            // Set some useful data and capture the exception
+            exception.Data[Protocol.Mechanism.HandledKey] = handled;
+            exception.Data[Protocol.Mechanism.MechanismKey] = "Microsoft.UI.Xaml.UnhandledException";
+            _hub.CaptureException(exception);
+
+            if (!handled)
+            {
+                // We're crashing, so flush events to Sentry right away
+                _hub.FlushAsync(_options.ShutdownTimeout).GetAwaiter().GetResult();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/src/Sentry/SentryOptions.cs b/src/Sentry/SentryOptions.cs
index 923eb7c16d..7a94734a55 100644
--- a/src/Sentry/SentryOptions.cs
+++ b/src/Sentry/SentryOptions.cs
@@ -718,6 +718,13 @@ public SentryOptions()
 #endif
             };
 
+#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
+            if (WinUIUnhandledExceptionIntegration.IsApplicable)
+            {
+                this.AddIntegration(new WinUIUnhandledExceptionIntegration());
+            }
+#endif
+
 #if ANDROID
             Android = new AndroidOptions(this);
 #elif __IOS__