diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index eb5baf3b..82041012 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
   "name": "ts-pattern",
-  "version": "5.1.0",
+  "version": "5.1.1",
   "lockfileVersion": 2,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "ts-pattern",
-      "version": "5.1.0",
+      "version": "5.1.1",
       "license": "MIT",
       "devDependencies": {
         "@types/jest": "^29.5.2",
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 729e325a..67dd71d0 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "ts-pattern",
-  "version": "5.1.0",
+  "version": "5.1.1",
   "description": " The exhaustive Pattern Matching library for TypeScript.",
   "type": "module",
   "source": "src/index.ts",
diff --git a/src/types/ExtractPreciseValue.ts b/src/types/ExtractPreciseValue.ts
index 724d6aa2..b1ab9f96 100644
--- a/src/types/ExtractPreciseValue.ts
+++ b/src/types/ExtractPreciseValue.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { Override } from './Pattern';
 import type {
   BuiltInObjects,
   Compute,
-  ExcludeObjectIfContainsNever,
+  Contains,
   IsPlainObject,
   IsReadonlyArray,
   LeastUpperBound,
@@ -37,27 +37,44 @@ export type ExtractPreciseValue<a, b> = b extends Override<infer b1>
     ? a extends b
       ? a
       : b extends a
-      ? [Exclude<keyof a, keyof b>] extends [never]
+      ? Contains<b, never> extends true
+        ? never
+        : // An empty object `{}` in a pattern means
+        // that this key must be non-nullable.
+        // If we find a key in `b` that doesn't exist in `a`
+        // and that contains `{}`, then the pattern does not match.
+        Contains<Omit<b, keyof a>, {}> extends true
+        ? never
+        : // If values have no keys in common, return `b`
+        [Exclude<keyof a, keyof b>] extends [never]
         ? b
-        : Compute<ExcludeObjectIfContainsNever<b> & Omit<a, keyof b>>
+        : // Otherwise return `b` with keys of `a`
+          // that do not exist on `b`.
+          // It can only be optional properties,
+          // otherwise `b extends a` wouldn't
+          // not have passed.
+          Compute<b & Omit<a, keyof b>>
       : [keyof a & keyof b] extends [never]
       ? never
-      : ExcludeObjectIfContainsNever<
-          Compute<
-            // Keep other properties of `a`
-            {
-              [k in Exclude<keyof a, keyof b>]: a[k];
-            } & {
-              // use `b` to extract precise values on `a`.
-              // This has the effect of preserving the optional
-              // property modifier (?:) of b in the output type.
-              [k in keyof b]: k extends keyof a
-                ? ExtractPreciseValue<a[k], b[k]>
-                : b[k];
-            }
-          >,
-          keyof b & string
-        >
+      : Compute<
+          // Keep other properties of `a`
+          {
+            // `in keyof a as ...` preserves property modifiers,
+            // unlike `in keyof Exclude<keyof a, keyof b>`.
+            [k in keyof a as k extends keyof b ? never : k]: a[k];
+          } & {
+            // use `b` to extract precise values on `a`.
+            // This has the effect of preserving the optional
+            // property modifier (?:) of b in the output type.
+            [k in keyof b]: k extends keyof a
+              ? ExtractPreciseValue<a[k], b[k]>
+              : b[k];
+          }
+        > extends infer result
+      ? Contains<Pick<result, keyof result & keyof b>, never> extends true
+        ? never
+        : result
+      : never
     : LeastUpperBound<a, b>
   : LeastUpperBound<a, b>;
 
diff --git a/src/types/helpers.ts b/src/types/helpers.ts
index 116f8b29..f62b1943 100644
--- a/src/types/helpers.ts
+++ b/src/types/helpers.ts
@@ -13,30 +13,12 @@ export type Values<a extends object> = UnionToTuple<ValueOf<a>>;
 
 export type LeastUpperBound<a, b> = b extends a ? b : a extends b ? a : never;
 
-/**
- * if a key of an object has the never type,
- * returns never, otherwise returns the type of object
- **/
-
-export type ExcludeIfContainsNever<a, b> = b extends Map<any, any> | Set<any>
-  ? a
-  : b extends readonly [any, ...any]
-  ? ExcludeObjectIfContainsNever<a, keyof b & ('0' | '1' | '2' | '3' | '4')>
-  : b extends readonly any[]
-  ? ExcludeObjectIfContainsNever<a, keyof b & number>
-  : ExcludeObjectIfContainsNever<a, keyof b & string>;
-
-export type ExcludeObjectIfContainsNever<
-  a,
-  keyConstraint = unknown
-> = a extends any
+export type Contains<a, b> = a extends any
   ? 'exclude' extends {
-      [k in keyConstraint & keyof a]-?: [a[k]] extends [never]
-        ? 'exclude'
-        : 'include';
-    }[keyConstraint & keyof a]
-    ? never
-    : a
+      [k in keyof a]-?: Equal<a[k], b> extends true ? 'exclude' : 'include';
+    }[keyof a]
+    ? true
+    : false
   : never;
 
 // from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50374908/transform-union-type-to-intersection-type/50375286#50375286
diff --git a/tests/extract-precise-value.test.ts b/tests/extract-precise-value.test.ts
index 88464759..8d8b01c3 100644
--- a/tests/extract-precise-value.test.ts
+++ b/tests/extract-precise-value.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import { ExtractPreciseValue } from '../src/types/ExtractPreciseValue';
+import { InvertPattern } from '../src/types/InvertPattern';
+import { NonNullablePattern } from '../src/types/Pattern';
 import { Expect, Equal } from '../src/types/helpers';
 import { AsyncResult, Event, Option, State } from './types-catalog/utils';
 
@@ -292,6 +294,55 @@ describe('ExtractPreciseValue', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('non-nullable patterns', () => {
+    type nonNullable = InvertPattern<NonNullablePattern, unknown>;
+
+    it('should exclude objects if the absent', () => {
+      type res1 = ExtractPreciseValue<{ a: string }, { b: nonNullable }>;
+      type test1 = Expect<Equal<res1, never>>;
+
+      type res2 = ExtractPreciseValue<
+        { a: string } | { b: number },
+        { b: nonNullable }
+      >;
+      type test2 = Expect<Equal<res2, { b: number }>>;
+
+      type res3 = ExtractPreciseValue<
+        { a: string } | { b: number } | { b: string; c: boolean },
+        { b: nonNullable }
+      >;
+      type test3 = Expect<
+        Equal<res3, { b: number } | { b: string; c: boolean }>
+      >;
+    });
+
+    it('should keep empty objects if they come from the input type', () => {
+      type res1 = ExtractPreciseValue<
+        { a: string } | { b: {} },
+        { b: nonNullable }
+      >;
+      type test1 = Expect<Equal<res1, { b: {} }>>;
+    });
+
+    it('should exclude objects even if the non-nullable key is deeply nested', () => {
+      type res1 = ExtractPreciseValue<{ a: number }, { b: { c: nonNullable } }>;
+      type test1 = Expect<Equal<res1, never>>;
+
+      type res2 = ExtractPreciseValue<
+        | { nested: { a: string } }
+        | { nested: { b: number } }
+        | { nested: { b: string; c: boolean } },
+        { nested: { b: nonNullable } }
+      >;
+      type test2 = Expect<
+        Equal<
+          res2,
+          { nested: { b: number } } | { nested: { b: string; c: boolean } }
+        >
+      >;
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('Branded strings', () => {
     it('Type narrowing should correctly work on branded strings', () => {
       // Branded strings is a commonly used way of implementing
diff --git a/tests/helpers.test.ts b/tests/helpers.test.ts
index 891fad5b..058e96a5 100644
--- a/tests/helpers.test.ts
+++ b/tests/helpers.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import {
   Drop,
   Equal,
-  ExcludeIfContainsNever,
   Expect,
   Iterator,
   LeastUpperBound,
@@ -74,40 +73,6 @@ describe('helpers', () => {
     ];
   });
 
-  describe('ExcludeIfContainsNever', () => {
-    it('should work with objects and tuples', () => {
-      type cases = [
-        Expect<
-          Equal<
-            ExcludeIfContainsNever<
-              { kind: 'some'; value: string } | { kind: never },
-              { kind: 'some' }
-            >,
-            { kind: 'some'; value: string }
-          >
-        >,
-        Expect<
-          Equal<
-            ExcludeIfContainsNever<
-              [{ kind: 'some'; value: string } | never],
-              [{ kind: 'some' }]
-            >,
-            [{ kind: 'some'; value: string }]
-          >
-        >,
-        Expect<
-          Equal<
-            ExcludeIfContainsNever<
-              [{ kind: 'some'; value: string }, never],
-              [{ kind: 'some' }, unknown]
-            >,
-            never
-          >
-        >
-      ];
-    });
-  });
-
   describe('LeastUpperBound', () => {
     it('If both a and b extend each other, it should pick b', () => {
       class B {}
diff --git a/tests/type-error.test.ts b/tests/type-error.test.ts
index 9fb84519..078f844c 100644
--- a/tests/type-error.test.ts
+++ b/tests/type-error.test.ts
@@ -119,9 +119,11 @@ describe('type errors', () => {
   it("if a pattern is any, the outer expression shouldn't throw a type error", () => {
     const anyVar = null as any;
 
-    match({ a: 'a' })
+    const input = { a: 'a' };
+
+    match(input)
       .with({ a: anyVar }, (x) => {
-        type t = Expect<Equal<typeof x, { a: never }>>;
+        type t = Expect<Equal<typeof x, typeof input>>;
         return 'Ok';
       })
       .otherwise(() => 'ko');
diff --git a/tests/wildcards.test.ts b/tests/wildcards.test.ts
index 168c9e1f..c383d006 100644
--- a/tests/wildcards.test.ts
+++ b/tests/wildcards.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { Expect, Equal } from '../src/types/helpers';
 import { match, P } from '../src';
 import { Blog } from './types-catalog/utils';
+import { InvertPattern } from '../src/types/InvertPattern';
+import { ExtractPreciseValue } from '../src/types/ExtractPreciseValue';
 
 describe('wildcards', () => {
   it('should match String wildcards', () => {
@@ -56,25 +58,61 @@ describe('wildcards', () => {
     expect(res2).toEqual(true);
   });
 
-  it('should match nonNullable wildcard', () => {
-    type Input = string | number | boolean | null | undefined;
-    const res = match<Input>(false)
-      .with(P.nonNullable, (x) => {
-        type t = Expect<Equal<typeof x, string | number | boolean>>;
-        return true;
-      })
-      .otherwise(() => false);
-
-    const res2 = match<0 | 1 | 2 | null>(0)
-      .with(P.nonNullable, (x) => {
-        type t = Expect<Equal<typeof x, 0 | 1 | 2>>;
-        return true;
-      })
-      .with(null, () => false)
-      .exhaustive();
+  describe('P.nonNullable', () => {
+    it('should narrow primitive types correctly', () => {
+      type Input = string | number | boolean | null | undefined;
+      const res = match<Input>(false)
+        .with(P.nonNullable, (x) => {
+          type t = Expect<Equal<typeof x, string | number | boolean>>;
+          return true;
+        })
+        .otherwise(() => false);
+
+      const res2 = match<0 | 1 | 2 | null>(0)
+        .with(P.nonNullable, (x) => {
+          type t = Expect<Equal<typeof x, 0 | 1 | 2>>;
+          return true;
+        })
+        .with(null, () => false)
+        .exhaustive();
+
+      expect(res).toEqual(true);
+      expect(res2).toEqual(true);
+    });
 
-    expect(res).toEqual(true);
-    expect(res2).toEqual(true);
+    it('should narrow object types correctly', () => {
+      type Input =
+        | {
+            __typename: 'ValidationRejection';
+            fields: string[];
+          }
+        | {
+            __typename: 'ValidationRejection';
+          };
+
+      const pattern = {
+        __typename: 'ValidationRejection',
+        fields: P.nonNullable,
+      } as const;
+      type X = InvertPattern<typeof pattern, Input>;
+      type Y = ExtractPreciseValue<Input, X>;
+
+      const fn = (data: Input) =>
+        match(data)
+          .with(
+            { __typename: 'ValidationRejection', fields: P.nonNullable },
+            ({ fields }) => {
+              type t = Expect<Equal<typeof fields, string[]>>;
+              return 'matched';
+            }
+          )
+          .otherwise(() => 'did not match');
+
+      expect(fn({ __typename: 'ValidationRejection' })).toBe('did not match');
+      expect(fn({ __typename: 'ValidationRejection', fields: [] })).toBe(
+        'matched'
+      );
+    });
   });
 
   it('should match String, Number and Boolean wildcards', () => {