example_qs.txt

QUESTION:
	What are 'provide the situational context for the event or state described in a main clause?
ANSWER:
	'adverbial clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'relative clauses?
ANSWER:
	'Types of subordinate clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'complement clauses?
ANSWER:
	'Types of subordinate clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'adverbial clauses?
ANSWER:
	'Types of subordinate clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'a lot like nouns, since they often fulfil similar grammatical relations?
ANSWER:
	'complement clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'possible to replace with pronouns?
ANSWER:
	'complement clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'arguments of (and therefore syntactically essential to) the clause in which they are embedded?
ANSWER:
	'complement clauses

QUESTION:
	'arguments of ( and therefore syntactically essential to ) the clause in which they are embedded' what?
ANSWER:
	'possible to replace with pronouns

QUESTION:
	What are 'sometimes can be rendered as phrases given certain manipulations?
ANSWER:
	'relative clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'behave like adjectives, usually modifiers of a noun phrase?
ANSWER:
	'relative clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'often the discourse function of a subordinate construction is one of backgrounding, explanation, or description.?
ANSWER:
	'Characteristics of Subordinate Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'often subordinate clauses use fewer constituents or different word order (german)?
ANSWER:
	'Characteristics of Subordinate Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'languages also produce subordinate structures through nominalisation?
ANSWER:
	'Characteristics of Subordinate Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'subordinate structures regularly use a nonfinite form of the verb?
ANSWER:
	'Characteristics of Subordinate Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'sometimes the subordinator can be omitted if it does not carry meaning (“I hope I can go”)?
ANSWER:
	'Characteristics of Subordinate Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'typically morphologically marked by some kind of subordinating particle or affix?
ANSWER:
	'Characteristics of Subordinate Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'the tighter the dependence between main and subordinate clause,  the less likely you will find intonation breaks?
ANSWER:
	'Characteristics of Subordinate Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'can differ a lot from language to language?
ANSWER:
	'Characteristics of Subordinate Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'the subordinator may carry lexical content (contribute to meaning of the clause) or not, e.g. “I eat beats because they are in season” vs “I hope that I can go?
ANSWER:
	'typically morphologically marked by some kind of subordinating particle or affix

QUESTION:
	What are 'in this case, the verb is transformed into a nominal through derivational morphology?
ANSWER:
	'languages also produce subordinate structures through nominalisation

QUESTION:
	What are 'relativisation strategies?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'restrictive vs nonrestrictive relative clauses?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'if relative clauses are introduced by a special word, they are called relativises or relative pronouns (if the pronoun specifies some nominal properties)?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'entity being modified by noun = head noun or relativised noun?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'typically found as modifiers of a noun?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'also called adjective clauses?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'Relative Clauses?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'two main ways to signal dependency:?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'we can have multiple embedding of complements too: “I want [to believe [that you are right]]?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'complement clauses do not always occur as full clauses but instead may arise as phrases headed by nonfinite verb forms such as infinites and participles?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'The clause within which the complement is embedding is called the matrix clause?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are '“When you leave makes no difference to me” vs “I cannot believe that you ate the whole thing?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'a clause that is an argument of a predicate, typically as a subject or direct object?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'Complement Clause?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'Some uses:?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'hard to classify since they have a breadth of meanings?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'many languages do not use this at all, or very rarely?
ANSWER:
	'Adverbial Clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'unspecified relationship?
ANSWER:
	'Some uses:

QUESTION:
	What are 'concessive?
ANSWER:
	'Some uses:

QUESTION:
	What are 'Conditional?
ANSWER:
	'Some uses:

QUESTION:
	What are 'Cause?
ANSWER:
	'Some uses:

QUESTION:
	What are 'Location?
ANSWER:
	'Some uses:

QUESTION:
	What are 'time?
ANSWER:
	'Some uses:

QUESTION:
	What are 'not necessarily typical, although english has lots?
ANSWER:
	'time

QUESTION:
	What are 'often choice of tense in construction is bound in some way by the tense of the main verb (think primary/secondary sequence in greek)?
ANSWER:
	'time

QUESTION:
	What are 'provide information about the relative temporal ordering of events?
ANSWER:
	'time

QUESTION:
	What are 'e.g. “The police were digging where Jeffrey had planted a garden.?
ANSWER:
	'Location

QUESTION:
	What are 'rare for a language to have a robust set of location subordinators, and instead PPs or relative clauses are used.?
ANSWER:
	'Location

QUESTION:
	What are 'some languages signal difference between enablement and purpose through the mood chosen?
ANSWER:
	'Cause

QUESTION:
	What are 'often useful to indicate cause or motive behind event (“Because x, John did y…. to say z”)?
ANSWER:
	'Cause

QUESTION:
	What are 'the relative types in english (and most languages) are indicated by choices of tense/aspect/mood in protasis and apodosis?
ANSWER:
	'Conditional

QUESTION:
	What are 'apodosis = “then clause?
ANSWER:
	'Conditional

QUESTION:
	What are 'protasis = “if clause?
ANSWER:
	'Conditional

QUESTION:
	What are 'Unreal conditions = those that cannot be fulfilled?
ANSWER:
	'Conditional

QUESTION:
	What are 'real conditions = those that could potentially be fulfilled?
ANSWER:
	'Conditional

QUESTION:
	What are '“If you can’t beat them, join them!?
ANSWER:
	'Conditional

QUESTION:
	What are 'may be general truths, present situations, or past situations?
ANSWER:
	'real conditions = those that could potentially be fulfilled

QUESTION:
	What are 'may be hypotheticals or counterfactuals?
ANSWER:
	'Unreal conditions = those that cannot be fulfilled

QUESTION:
	What are 'in those that do use a subordinate structure, use of the subordinating particle appears to be the dominant way to do so?
ANSWER:
	'concessive

QUESTION:
	What are 'all languages seem to have some way to indicate contrast between propositions, although not all do so through subordinating structures?
ANSWER:
	'concessive

QUESTION:
	What are '“Even though x, y?
ANSWER:
	'concessive

QUESTION:
	What are 'sometimes the logical connection between two clauses can be left unspecified and the reader/listener allowed to draw their own conclusions.?
ANSWER:
	'unspecified relationship

QUESTION:
	What are '“Having done y, he did x?
ANSWER:
	'unspecified relationship

QUESTION:
	What are 'complement type choice has been argued to reflect the semantic relationship of the complement to the matrix clause verb?
ANSWER:
	'two main ways to signal dependency:

QUESTION:
	What are 'use of nonfinite verb form?
ANSWER:
	'two main ways to signal dependency:

QUESTION:
	What are 'complementiser (subordination particle)?
ANSWER:
	'two main ways to signal dependency:

QUESTION:
	What are 'uncommon, but has been found in middle of complement?
ANSWER:
	'complementiser (subordination particle)

QUESTION:
	What are 'if language is OV, appears both complement initial and final?
ANSWER:
	'complementiser (subordination particle)

QUESTION:
	What are 'if language is VO, appears at beginning of clause, usually?
ANSWER:
	'complementiser (subordination particle)

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'nonrestrictive = purely descriptive (e.g. “My bro, who lives next to me, called yesterday!”?
ANSWER:
	'you are just describing the bro)

QUESTION:
	What are 'there is empirical support, though, and there is various literature examining this further!?
ANSWER:
	'complement type choice has been argued to reflect the semantic relationship of the complement to the matrix clause verb

QUESTION:
	What are 'however, this tendency is violated by languages, including english. As such it is nothing more than a general tendency?
ANSWER:
	'complement type choice has been argued to reflect the semantic relationship of the complement to the matrix clause verb

QUESTION:
	What are 'e.g. if a language uses infinitive to encode the complements of belief verbs, you would not expect causation verbs to use finite verbs with complements?
ANSWER:
	'complement type choice has been argued to reflect the semantic relationship of the complement to the matrix clause verb

QUESTION:
	What are 'if a point along the scale on the lower end is related to a certain syntactic structure, anything on the left (with higher control) will not be associated with a less integrated structure?
ANSWER:
	'complement type choice has been argued to reflect the semantic relationship of the complement to the matrix clause verb

QUESTION:
	What are 'uses semantic criteria to rate verbs: high control > low control?
ANSWER:
	'complement type choice has been argued to reflect the semantic relationship of the complement to the matrix clause verb

QUESTION:
	What are 'from high to low: causation, attempt, knowledge, belief, report?
ANSWER:
	'uses semantic criteria to rate verbs: high control > low control

QUESTION:
	What are 'nonrestrictive = purely descriptive (e.g. “My bro, who lives next to me, called yesterday!”  you are just describing the bro)?
ANSWER:
	'restrictive vs nonrestrictive relative clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'restrictive = restricts noun to be a certain thing (e.g. “My bro who lives next to me called yesterday”  you are specifying one bro out of many)?
ANSWER:
	'restrictive vs nonrestrictive relative clauses

QUESTION:
	What are 'if there is abundant usage of finite clauses in embedded structures, participle modifiers are best treated independent of relative clauses?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'in general, if a language tends toward using nonfinite verbs for other embedded structures (such as adverbials and complements), then there is sufficient grounds to consider such constructions relative clauses?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'for example, participle phrase usage?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'some languages have constructions similar but not identical to relativisation?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'what nominals are allowed to be relativised can change?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'relativised noun if often just ‘gapped’  there is a gap where the noun would have been?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'don’t even need head noun of a relative clause (as in greek  for indefinite constructions)?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'OV languages use both orders with a weak preference for noun + relative clause ordering?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'VO languages use noun + relative clause order?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'presence of relativisor is not necessary! Japanese just used word order.?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation strategies

QUESTION:
	What are 'both strategies can be used by one languages?
ANSWER:
	'relativised noun if often just ‘gapped’  there is a gap where the noun would have been

QUESTION:
	What are 'another option is to indicate the noun by including a personal pronoun in the relative clause?
ANSWER:
	'relativised noun if often just ‘gapped’  there is a gap where the noun would have been

QUESTION:
	What are 'the first option is unusual among languages?
ANSWER:
	'what nominals are allowed to be relativised can change

QUESTION:
	What are 'in english, if relativisation of a noun occurs, the preposition associated with it may appear in its conventional position within the adjective clause, or before the relative pronoun (if the latter, this is called pipepiping)?
ANSWER:
	'what nominals are allowed to be relativised can change

QUESTION:
	What are 'We get the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy from this:?
ANSWER:
	'what nominals are allowed to be relativised can change

QUESTION:
	What are 'many languages only allow relativisation of a subset of these, e.g. just subject?
ANSWER:
	'what nominals are allowed to be relativised can change

QUESTION:
	What are 'english allows a lot of constituents to be relativised?
ANSWER:
	'what nominals are allowed to be relativised can change

QUESTION:
	What are 'Preposition stranding?
ANSWER:
	'We get the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy from this:

QUESTION:
	What are 'we have to make two changes to the hierarchy:?
ANSWER:
	'We get the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy from this:

QUESTION:
	What are 'some exceptions do apply if more than one strategy is used for relativisation (as in certain strategies lie at different places in the hierarchy)?
ANSWER:
	'We get the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy from this:

QUESTION:
	What are 'subject > direct object > oblique > possessor?
ANSWER:
	'We get the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy from this:

QUESTION:
	What are 'a given relativisation strategy will cover a contiguous portion of the hierarchy?
ANSWER:
	'we have to make two changes to the hierarchy:

QUESTION:
	What are 'the subject is always relativizable?
ANSWER:
	'we have to make two changes to the hierarchy:

QUESTION:
	What are 'e.g. “going into the store” would not be considered a type of relative clause in english!?
ANSWER:
	'if there is abundant usage of finite clauses in embedded structures, participle modifiers are best treated independent of relative clauses

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'real conditions?
ANSWER:
	'those that could potentially be fulfilled

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'Unreal conditions?
ANSWER:
	'those that cannot be fulfilled

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'protasis?
ANSWER:
	'“if clause

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'apodosis?
ANSWER:
	'“then clause

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'we can have multiple embedding of complements too?
ANSWER:
	'“I want [to believe [that you are right]]

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'uses semantic criteria to rate verbs?
ANSWER:
	'high control > low control

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'from high to low?
ANSWER:
	'causation, attempt, knowledge, belief, report

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'entity being modified by noun?
ANSWER:
	'head noun or relativised noun

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'restrictive?
ANSWER:
	'restricts noun to be a certain thing (e.g. “My bro who lives next to me called yesterday”  you are specifying one bro out of many)

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'restrictive = restricts noun to be a certain thing (e.g. “My bro who lives next to me called yesterday”?
ANSWER:
	'you are specifying one bro out of many)

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'nonrestrictive?
ANSWER:
	'purely descriptive (e.g. “My bro, who lives next to me, called yesterday!”  you are just describing the bro)

QUESTION:
	'The clause within which the complement is embedding is called' what?
ANSWER:
	'the matrix clause

QUESTION:
	'The clause within which the complement is embedding' what?
ANSWER:
	'is called the matrix clause

QUESTION:
	'complement clauses do not always occur' what?
ANSWER:
	'as full clauses but instead may arise as phrases headed by non  finite verb forms such as infinites and participles

QUESTION:
	'we can have' what?
ANSWER:
	'multiple embedding of complements too :

QUESTION:
	'“ I want' what?
ANSWER:
	'[ to believe [ that you are right ] ]

QUESTION:
	'“ I want [ to believe [ that you are' what?
ANSWER:
	'right ] ]

QUESTION:
	'if language is' what?
ANSWER:
	'VO , appears at beginning of clause , usually

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'don’t even need head noun of a relative clause (as in greek?
ANSWER:
	'for indefinite constructions)

QUESTION:
	What is the definition of 'relativised noun if often just ‘gapped’?
ANSWER:
	'there is a gap where the noun would have been

QUESTION:
	'provide the situational context for the event or state described' what?
ANSWER:
	'in a main clause

QUESTION:
	'a lot like nouns , since they often fulfil' what?
ANSWER:
	'similar grammatical relations

QUESTION:
	'the tighter the dependence between main and subordinate clause ,   the less likely you will find' what?
ANSWER:
	'intonation breaks

QUESTION:
	'the subordinator may carry' what?
ANSWER:
	'lexical content ( contribute to meaning of the clause ) or not , e.g. “

QUESTION:
	'I eat' what?
ANSWER:
	'beats because they are in season ” vs

QUESTION:
	'I eat beats because they are' what?
ANSWER:
	'in season ” vs

QUESTION:
	'I hope' what?
ANSWER:
	'that I can go

QUESTION:
	'sometimes the subordinator can be omitted' what?
ANSWER:
	'if it does not carry meaning ( “ I hope I can go ” )

QUESTION:
	'sometimes the subordinator can be omitted if it does not carry' what?
ANSWER:
	'meaning ( “ I hope I can go ” )

QUESTION:
	'sometimes the subordinator can be omitted if it does not carry meaning ( “ I hope' what?
ANSWER:
	'I can go ” )

QUESTION:
	'sometimes the subordinator can be omitted if it does not carry meaning ( “ I hope I can go' what?
ANSWER:
	'” )

QUESTION:
	'subordinate structures regularly use' what?
ANSWER:
	'a non  finite form of the verb

QUESTION:
	'languages also produce' what?
ANSWER:
	'subordinate structures through nominalisation

QUESTION:
	'in this case , the verb is transformed' what?
ANSWER:
	'into a nominal through derivational morphology

QUESTION:
	'often subordinate clauses use' what?
ANSWER:
	'fewer constituents or different word order ( german )

QUESTION:
	'often the discourse function of a subordinate construction is' what?
ANSWER:
	'one of backgrounding , explanation , or description .

QUESTION:
	'many languages do not use' what?
ANSWER:
	'this at all , or very rarely   hard to classify since they have a breadth of meanings

QUESTION:
	'many languages do not use this at all , or very rarely   hard to classify since they have' what?
ANSWER:
	'a breadth of meanings

QUESTION:
	'Some uses' what?
ANSWER:
	':

QUESTION:
	'provide information about the relative temporal ordering of events           often choice of tense in construction is bound' what?
ANSWER:
	'in some way by the tense of the main verb ( think primary / secondary sequence in greek )

QUESTION:
	'not necessarily typical , although english has' what?
ANSWER:
	'lots

QUESTION:
	'rare for a language to have a robust set of location subordinators , and instead PPs or relative clauses are used' what?
ANSWER:
	'.

QUESTION:
	'e.g. “ The police were digging' what?
ANSWER:
	'where Jeffrey had planted a garden .

QUESTION:
	'e.g. “ The police were digging where Jeffrey had planted' what?
ANSWER:
	'a garden .

QUESTION:
	'( “ Because x , John did' what?
ANSWER:
	'y … .

QUESTION:
	'some languages signal' what?
ANSWER:
	'difference between enablement and purpose through the mood chosen

QUESTION:
	'“ If you ca n’t beat' what?
ANSWER:
	'them , join them !

QUESTION:
	'Preposition stranding' what?
ANSWER:
	'

QUESTION:
	'english allows a lot of constituents to be relativised' what?
ANSWER:
	'

QUESTION:
	'what nominals are allowed to be relativised can change' what?
ANSWER:
	'

QUESTION:
	'if often just ‘ gapped ’  there is a gap where the noun would have been' what?
ANSWER:
	'

QUESTION:
	'Unreal conditions = those that can not be fulfilled' what?
ANSWER:
	'

QUESTION:
	'real conditions = those that could potentially be fulfilled' what?
ANSWER:
	'

QUESTION:
	'the relative types in english ( and most languages ) are indicated' what?
ANSWER:
	'by choices of tense / aspect / mood in protasis and apodosis

QUESTION:
	'all languages seem' what?
ANSWER:
	'to have some way to indicate contrast between propositions , although not all do so through subordinating structures

QUESTION:
	'all languages seem to have some way to indicate contrast between propositions , although not all do' what?
ANSWER:
	'so through subordinating structures

QUESTION:
	'in those that do use a subordinate structure , use' what?
ANSWER:
	'of the subordinating particle appears to be the dominant way to do so

QUESTION:
	'in those that do use a subordinate structure , use of the subordinating particle appears' what?
ANSWER:
	'to be the dominant way to do so

QUESTION:
	'“ Having done y , he did' what?
ANSWER:
	'x

QUESTION:
	'sometimes the logical connection between two clauses can be left' what?
ANSWER:
	'unspecified and the reader / listener allowed to draw their own conclusions .

QUESTION:
	'sometimes the logical connection between two clauses can be left unspecified and the reader / listener allowed' what?
ANSWER:
	'to draw their own conclusions .

QUESTION:
	'a clause that is' what?
ANSWER:
	'an argument of a predicate , typically as a subject or direct object

QUESTION:
	'When you leave' what?
ANSWER:
	'makes no difference to me ” vs

QUESTION:
	'I can not believe' what?
ANSWER:
	'that you ate the whole thing

QUESTION:
	'I can not believe that you ate' what?
ANSWER:
	'the whole thing

QUESTION:
	'OV languages use' what?
ANSWER:
	'both orders with a weak preference for noun + relative clause ordering

QUESTION:
	'another option is' what?
ANSWER:
	'to indicate the noun by including a personal pronoun in the relative clause

QUESTION:
	'both strategies can be used' what?
ANSWER:
	'by one languages

QUESTION:
	'what nominals are allowed' what?
ANSWER:
	'to be relativised can change

QUESTION:
	'english allows' what?
ANSWER:
	'a lot of constituents to be relativised

QUESTION:
	'many languages only allow' what?
ANSWER:
	'relativisation of a subset of these , e.g. just subject

QUESTION:
	'if language is' what?
ANSWER:
	'OV , appears both complement

QUESTION:
	'complement type choice has been argued' what?
ANSWER:
	'to reflect the semantic relationship of the complement to the matrix clause verb

QUESTION:
	'if a point along the scale on the lower end is related' what?
ANSWER:
	'to a certain syntactic structure , anything on the left ( with higher control ) will not be associated with a less integrated structure

QUESTION:
	'if a point along the scale on the lower end is related to a certain syntactic structure , anything on the left ( with higher control ) will not be associated' what?
ANSWER:
	'with a less integrated structure

QUESTION:
	'e.g. if a language uses' what?
ANSWER:
	'infinitive to encode the complements of belief verbs , you would not expect causation verbs to use finite verbs with complements

QUESTION:
	'e.g. if a language uses infinitive to encode the complements of belief verbs , you would not expect' what?
ANSWER:
	'causation verbs to use finite verbs with complements

QUESTION:
	'however , this tendency is violated' what?
ANSWER:
	'by languages , including english .

QUESTION:
	'As such it is' what?
ANSWER:
	'nothing more than a general tendency

QUESTION:
	'Relative Clauses   also called' what?
ANSWER:
	'adjective clauses

QUESTION:
	'if relative clauses are introduced' what?
ANSWER:
	'by a special word , they are called relativises or relative pronouns ( if the pronoun specifies some nominal properties )

QUESTION:
	'if relative clauses are introduced by a special word , they are called' what?
ANSWER:
	'relativises or relative pronouns ( if the pronoun specifies some nominal properties )

QUESTION:
	'if relative clauses are introduced by a special word , they are called relativises or relative pronouns ( if the pronoun specifies' what?
ANSWER:
	'some nominal properties )

QUESTION:
	'restrictive = restricts noun to be a certain thing ( e.g. “ My bro who lives' what?
ANSWER:
	'next to me called yesterday ”

QUESTION:
	'you are specifying' what?
ANSWER:
	'one bro out of many )

QUESTION:
	'non  restrictive = purely descriptive ( e.g. “ My bro , who lives' what?
ANSWER:
	'next to me , called yesterday !

QUESTION:
	'”  you are just describing' what?
ANSWER:
	'the bro )

QUESTION:
	'presence of relativisor is' what?
ANSWER:
	'not necessary !

QUESTION:
	'Japanese just used' what?
ANSWER:
	'word order .

QUESTION:
	'VO languages use' what?
ANSWER:
	'noun + relative clause order

QUESTION:
	'in english , if relativisation of a noun occurs , the preposition associated with it may appear in its conventional position within the adjective clause , or before the relative pronoun ( if the latter , this is called' what?
ANSWER:
	'pipe  piping )

QUESTION:
	'We get' what?
ANSWER:
	'the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy from this :

QUESTION:
	'subject > direct object > oblique' what?
ANSWER:
	'> possessor

QUESTION:
	'some exceptions do apply' what?
ANSWER:
	'if more than one strategy is used for relativisation ( as in certain strategies lie at different places in the hierarchy )

QUESTION:
	'some exceptions do apply if more than one strategy is used' what?
ANSWER:
	'for relativisation ( as in certain strategies lie at different places in the hierarchy )

QUESTION:
	'we have' what?
ANSWER:
	'to make two changes to the hierarchy :

QUESTION:
	'the subject is' what?
ANSWER:
	'always relativizable

QUESTION:
	'a given relativisation strategy will cover' what?
ANSWER:
	'a contiguous portion of the hierarchy

QUESTION:
	'the first option is' what?
ANSWER:
	'unusual among languages

QUESTION:
	'some languages have' what?
ANSWER:
	'constructions similar but not identical to relativisation

QUESTION:
	'in general , if a language tends' what?
ANSWER:
	'toward using nonfinite verbs for other embedded structures ( such as adverbials and complements ) , then there is sufficient grounds to consider such constructions relative clauses

QUESTION:
	'if there is abundant usage of finite clauses in embedded structures , participle modifiers are best treated' what?
ANSWER:
	'independent of relative clauses

QUESTION:
	'e.g. “ going into the store ” would not be considered' what?
ANSWER:
	'a type of relative clause in english !