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ezmlm make.1
ezmlm-make - create a new mailing list
ezmlm-make [ -+ ][ -a..zABD..Z ][ -C03..9 arg ] dir [ dot local host [digestcode] ]
ezmlm-make sets up a new mailing list, local*@*host, along with several extra addresses to handle administrative requests.
All mailing list information is stored in a new directory, dir. dir must be an absolute pathname, starting with a slash. dot must be an absolute file name starting with a slash. Arguments other than dir may be omitted when editing an existing list, using the -e or -+ options (see below).
ezmlm-make is controlled by a template, .ezmlmrc. Described here is the behavior with the default template file. ezmlm-make will print a warning message before continuing, if the ezmlmrc version does not match the ezmlm-make version.
ezmlm-make also creates dir*/config***, where it stores all configuration information. By reading this file, you can rapidly get information about how the list is set up. ezmlm-make when used with the -e switch will read information from this file. Thus, when using ezmlm-make -e, you only need to specify the desired switches and switch arguments and dir. With the -+ switch all switches become sticky, i.e. the default for all switches (and command line arguments) becomes the switches and arguments active for the list to be edited. Note that the choice of config file also is sticky, except when running ezmlm-make as root.
ezmlm-make sets up four .qmail files: dot, dot*-owner***, dot*-return-default***, and dot*-default***. You should make sure that messages to local*@host, local-owner@*host, etc. are controlled by these .qmail files.
For message moderated lists, ezmlm-make sets up two additional .qmail files: dot*-accept-default*** and dot*-reject-default***.
For digested lists, ezmlm-make sets up another two .qmail file: dot*-digest-return-default*** and dot*-digest-owner***.
If digestcode is specified, digest creation by ezmlm-get(1) via trigger messages to the local*/@host-dig.*digestcode address is enabled.
By default, ezmlm-make sets up lists to add a ``X-No-Archive: yes'' header to outgoing messages. Public archiving servers will interpret this header as a request not to archive messages from the list. It this in not what you desire, remove this header from ezmlmrc for global effects, or from dir*/headeradd*** for the specific list.
Typical use of ezmlm-make by a normal user:
ezmlm-make ~joe/SOS ~joe/.qmail-sos joe-sos isp.net
Typical use of ezmlm-make by alias:
ezmlm-make ~alias/SOS ~alias/.qmail-sos sos isp.net
chown -R alias ~alias/SOS
Typical use of ezmlm-make by a normal user enabling automatic digests:
ezmlm-make -d ~joe/SOS ~joe/.qmail-sos joe-sos isp.net
Typical use of ezmlm-make to change an existing list in ~joe/SOS to a message moderated list with remote administration, and enabling the remote administrator(s) to retrieve a subscriber list and to edit dir*/text*** files (digest are still enabled):
ezmlm-make -emrldn ~joe/SOS
Mail can arrive at any time! For safe editing, turn on the sticky bit of the home directory before editing the list setup, then turn it off again (see dot-qmail(5)).
Moderator addresses are added with
ezmlm-sub ~joe/SOS mod mod1@host1 mod2@host2 ...
ezmlm-make also creates the necessary text files in dir*/text/***.
ezmlm-make has a large number of switches to control all aspects of list generation. Only defaults or a small subset of switches are necessary for most list setups. Other options are present primarily to allow a external CGI script or other graphical user interface to use ezmlm-make to manipulate ezmlm list setups.
To create the list ``tl@virtual.dom'' where ``virtual.dom'' is controlled by ``vu'' (virtual.dom:vu), change identity to ``vu'' or chown files to that user after:
ezmlm-make ~vu/dir ~vu/.qmail-tl tl virtual.dom
Thus, create the list exactly as for a list under ``alias''.
All ezmlm-make letter switches except -v and -V are available for interpretation via ezmlmrc. Switches -e, -E, -c, and -C have special meaning within the program. ezmlmrc customization should respect the function of the switches described here.
-+
Switches currently active for the list will be used, as modified by the
current command line. Thus, -+ makes switches ``sticky''. By
default, only switches specified on the current command line will be
used. This switch implies -e as it is meaningless except in edit
mode. Note that the config file choice (see -c and -C) is also
sticky. ezmlmrc(5) is set up so that most text files (and
DIR*/headeradd***, DIR*/headerkeep***, and DIR*/headerremove***)
are not overwritten if they already exist so as to preserve manual
customizations. If local is specified ezmlm-make overrides this
behavior and all files are rewritten. You can also force ezmlm-make
to rewrite all files by using -++.
-a
(Default.) Archived and configured with ezmlm-get(1) for archive
access. ezmlm-make will touch dir*/archived*** and
dir*/indexed*** so that ezmlm-send(1) will archive new messages.
-A
Not archived.
-b
Block archive. Only moderators are allowed to access the archive.
-B
(Default.) Archive access is open to anyone or subscribers only,
depending on the -g switch.
-c
Config. Use .ezmlmrc (see CONFIGURATION) from the directory where
dot resides. ezmlm-make otherwise uses the system wide ezmlmrc
file (normally /etc/indimail/ezmlm/default/ezmlmrc). The -c switch
may cause you to execute ezmlm-make based on a configuration file
controlled by another user. ezmlm-make does not allow periods in any
tag to restrict all actions to within dir. Be careful with this option
setting up lists for other users, especially when running ezmlm-make
as root.
-C arg
Like -c, but use file arg as the ezmlmrc file. Use -C '' to
override a default when using -+ or -e. If the given path is a
directory instead of a file, the actual ezmlmrc file is taken as
arg/ezmlmrc, and the other ezmlm-idx programs will use the directory
to look up files (such as text files) that are not present in the list
directory.
-d
Digest. ezmlm-make will set up the local*-digest@host*** digest
list to disseminate digest of the list messages. By default, this is
done when 30 messages, 48 hours, or 64 kbytes of message body text have
accumulated since the last digest. Edit the dir*/digcount***,
dir*/digsize***, or dir*/digtime*** files to override these
defaults. See ezmlm-tstdig(1) and ezmlm-get(1) for more info.
-D
(Default.) No digest. Do not set up the digest list.
-e
Edit. ezmlm-make will remove links before creating them and accept
if directories to be created are already present. ezmlm-make will
also (via entries in ezmlmrc) remove flags that are present but not
desired for the current list. Thus, this option can be used to
reconfigure existing lists without affecting moderator and subscriber
lists or message archive. All desired ezmlm-make switches need to be
specified. To make all switches sticky, i.e. only specify the ones
changed from the previous setup, use -+. Command line arguments
other than dir can be omitted. In the unlikely case where dot is
changed, you must manually remove the old links. Mail can arrive at any
time: For safe editing, turn on the sticky bit of the home directory
before using the edit function, then turn it off again (see
dot-qmail(5)). ezmlmrc(5) is set up so that most text files (and
DIR*/headeradd***, DIR*/headerkeep***, and DIR*/headerremove***)
are not overwritten if they already exist so as to preserve manual
customizations. If local is specified ezmlm-make overrides this
behavior and all files are rewritten. You can also force ezmlm-make
to rewrite all files by using -ee.
-E
(Default.) No edit. ezmlm-make will abort if directories or links to
be created already exist. This prevents accidental reconfiguration of a
pre-existing list, since the first action is to create the list
directory.
-f
Prefix. ezmlm-make will set up the list so that the outgoing subject
will be prefixed with the list name.
-F
(Default.) No prefix.
-g
Guard archive. Archive access requests from unrecognized SENDERs will be
rejected. This restriction is safe, since replies are sent to the SENDER
address.
-G
(Default.) Do not guard archive. Archive access request from any SENDER
will be serviced.
-h
Help subscription. Subscriptions do not require confirmation. Strongly
recommended against, since anyone can subscribe any address, but may be
useful for some subscription moderated lists.
-H
(Default.) Subscription requires confirmation by reply to a message sent
to the subscription address.
-i
Indexed for WWW archive access. ezmlm-make will create the list so
that ezmlm-archive(1) is invoked to maintain an index suitable for
use by ezmlm-cgi(1).
-I
(Default.) The list is created without ezmlm-archive(1).
-j
Jump off. Unsubscribe does not require confirmation. Strongly
recommended against, since anyone can unsubscribe any address, but may
be useful in some situations.
-J
(Default.) Unsubscribe requires confirmation by a reply to a message
sent to the subscription address.
-k
-K
Ignored for backwards compatibility. The dir*/deny/*** subscribers
directory is always created to allow denying messages from selected
addresses. This is useful in combination with the -u switch to
temporarily restrain offenders, such as misconfigured auto-responders or
automatic spammers. It can also be used in combination with -m to
filter out SENDERs from whom the moderators do not want to see posts
(again, bad re-mailers and spammers come to mind).
To add/remove blacklisted addresses:
ezmlm-sub dir deny bad@host
ezmlm-unsub dir deny bad@host
-l
List subscribers. ezmlm-make sets up the list so that remote
administrators can request a subscriber list, and search the subscriber
log.
-L
(Default.) The subscriber list cannot be obtained.
-m
Message moderation. (Please note that the -u switch modifies the
action of this switch.) ezmlm-make will touch dir*/modpost*** and
create dir*/mod/*** and dir*/mod/subscribers/, where the
moderator addresses are stored. ezmlm-make also creates
dir/mod/pending/, dir/mod/accepted/, and
dir/mod/rejected/. These directories are used to queue messages
awaiting moderation. dir/editor*** will be set up to run
ezmlm-store(1) to store incoming messages in the moderation queue
and send moderation requests to the moderators. dir*/moderator*** will
be set up to run ezmlm-moderate to process moderator accept or
reject requests.
To add/remove moderators:
ezmlm-sub dir mod moderator@host
ezmlm-unsub dir mod moderator@host
-M
(Default.) Message posting is not moderated.
-n
New text file. ezmlm-make sets up the list to allow remote
administrators to edit files in dir*/text/***.
-N
(Default.) Not new text file. Text file editing not allowed.
-o
Others rejected. Posts from addresses other than moderators are
rejected. This is applicable to message moderated lists only (see
-m). The switch has no effect on other lists.
-O
(Default.) Others not rejected. For moderated lists, all posts are
forwarded to the moderators. The switch has effects only on message
moderated lists.
-p
(Default.) Public. ezmlm-make will touch dir*/public***, so that
ezmlm-manage(1) will respond to administrative requests and
ezmlm-get will allow archive retrieval.
-P
Private. ezmlm-manage(1) and ezmlm-get(1) will allow only digest
creation, remote administration, and archive retrieval by remote
administrators, (if the list is configured with these options).
-q
-Q
Ignored for backwards compatibility. The request address is always
serviced. Commands sent in the subject to local*-request@*host are
processed by ezmlm-request(1).
-r
Remote admin. ezmlm-make enables remote administration by touching
dir*/remote***. Moderator(s) can unsubscribe and subscribe any
address. See the -m option on how moderator addresses are stored and
manipulated.
-R
(Default.) No remote administration.
-s
Subscription moderation. ezmlm-make enables subscription moderation
by touching dir*/modsub***. This affects subscriptions for both the
main list and the digest list. See the -m option on how moderator
addresses are stored and manipulated.
-S
(Default.) Subscriptions are not moderated.
-t
Trailer. ezmlm-make will create dir*/text/trailer*** to set up the
list to add a trailer to outgoing messages.
-T
No trailer. (Default.)
-u
User posts only. ezmlm-make sets up the list so that posts and
archive access is restricted to subscribers. These are addresses
subscribed to the main list, the digest, or added manually to the
address database in dir*/allow/*** which accommodates addresses from
e.g. subscribers working from an address other than their subscriber
address.
Posts from unrecognized SENDER addresses will be rejected. This is relatively easily defeated for posts. More secure alternatives are message moderated lists configured with the ezmlm-make -m switch (without the -u switch).
There is no reason to combine of SENDER checks on posts with message moderation. Therefore, the combination of the -u switch with the -m switch is used for a configuration with SENDER restrictions (like with -u alone), with the difference that posts from non-subscribers will be sent for moderation instead of being rejected. This allows the list admin to let non-subscribers post occasionally, as well as to catch subscribers posting from non-subscriber addresses.
-U
(Default.) Do not restrict posts based on SENDER address.
-v
Display ezmlm-make version information.
-V
Display ezmlm-make version information.
-w
Remove the ezmlm-warn(1) invocations from the list setup. It is
assumed that ezmlm-warn(1) for both local@host and
local*-digest@*host will be run by other means, such as crond. As
the main list will have only sublists as subscribers, it is desirable to
log bounces and feedback messages rather than to remove a bouncing
subscriber.
-W
(Default.) No address restriction. Normal use of ezmlm-warn(1) and
ezmlm-return(1).
-x
eXtra. ezmlm-make will configure the list with a few extras:
dir*/mimeremove*** will be configured to strip annoying mime parts
such as excel spreadsheets, rtf text, html text etc from the messages.
Messages consisting solely of this Content-type will be rejected. See
ezmlm-send(1) and ezmlm-reject(1) for more info.
-y
sender confirmation. ezmlm-make will configure the list so posting
requires sender confirmation.
-Y
(Default.) No sender confirmation is required.
-0 mainlist@host
Make the list a sublist of list mainlist@host.
-3 fromarg
ezmlm-make sets up the list to replace the ``From:'' header of the
message with ``From: fromarg''.
-5 owner@host
ezmlm-make will configure the list to forward mail directed to the
list owner to owner@host.
-6 plugin:host:port:user:password:datab:table**
Subscriber database info. Use the database plugin named plugin which
connects to host (default localhost), on port number port (default
port for SQL server) as user with password using database datab
(default "ezmlm") and the table root name table (default "ezmlm")
-7 /msg_mod_path
Make /path the path to the database for message moderators, if the
list is set up for message moderation. /msg_mod_path must be an
absolute pathname, starting with a slash. If not, it will be ignored.
-8 /sub_mod_path
Make /sub_mod_path the path to the database for subscription
moderators, if the list is set up for subscription moderation.
/sub_mod_path must be an absolute pathname, starting with a slash. If
not, it will be ignored.
-9 /rem_adm_path
Make /path the path to the database for remote administrators, if the
list is set up for remote administration. /rem_adm_path must be an
absolute pathname, starting with a slash. If not, it will be ignored.
When ezmlm-make is used with the -e switch, and the list was previously created or edited with a new (ezmlm-idx >= 0.23) version of ezmlm-make, all arguments other than dir can be omitted. In this case, arguments will be read from dir*/config***. The appropriate flags must always be specified. To override dot, local, host, or code, all arguments must be specified.
This version of ezmlm-make is template driven. The template file consists of plain text with four types of tags. Both start in the first position of the line. No other text is allowed on the same line. For security reasons, no periods are allowed anywhere in a tag. Any line with a ``#'' in position 1 is ignored, as is any text preceding the first tag.
</filename#aI/>
The following text will be copied to dir*/filename*** if the options
specified after the ``#'' are active, in this case archived and not
indexed. Any number of flags can be specified. This is used to adapt
the files and messages to the type of list created. If no flags are
used, the ``#'' can be omitted. If the file name is the same as the
previous tag, or if it is omitted, the text will be added to the
previous file. When a new file is opened the previous file is closed.
Attempts to add more text to a already closed file overwrites its
contents.
An alternative to specify that a flag, e.g. ``4'' should not be active is to prefix the switch with ``^'', e.g. use ``^4''. The ``E'' flag is treated in a special manner. When the list is being edited, it evaluates to false if the file already exists, true if it does not. Thus, files using this condition are not overwritten when editing. This is useful for files that you frequently customize manually.
</-filename#eA/>
dir*/filename*** will be erased, if the options after the ``#'' are
active, in this case not archived and edit.
</+directory#aI/>
The directory ``directory'' is created if the flags specified are
active, in this case archived and not indexed. If no flags are
specified, the ``#'' can be omitted.
</:link/directory#aI/>
dot-link** is symlinked to dir/directory if the flags specified
are active, in this case archived and not indexed. If no flags are
specified, the ``#'' can be omitted.
In addition, local is substituted for <#L#>, the part of dot between the first 2 hyphens (if any) for <#1#>, the part of dot between the second and third hyphen (if any) for <#2#>, host for <#H#>, dir for <#D#>, dot for <#T#>, digestcode for <#C#>, the set of all active flags for <#F#>, the config file used for <#X#>, and the path to the ezmlm binaries for <#B#> anywhere in the text. Other tags of this format are copied to the files as is.
<#l#>, <#h#>, <#n#>, <#A#>, <#R#>, will be substituted on-the-fly where appropriate for the local or local*-digest*** local part of the list address, the host, the subscriber address or the moderation accept address, the message number, and the subscription reply address or moderation reject address, respectively. The use of <#l#> is to allow the same text file to be used for requests pertaining to both the main list and the digest list. <#h#> makes it possible to share some files between lists. <#n#> is defined only by programs where this makes sense, i.e. ezmlm-send(1) and ezmlm-get(1)
In the absence of -e and -+ switches, ezmlm-make will create the list directory before processing the template file, and create dir*/key*** after all other actions.
ezmlm-make will use /etc/indimail/ezmlm/default/ezmlmrc. This can be overridden with the -c and -C switches.
ezmlm-make deals with the template file as us-ascii. Any occurrence of the characters ``</'' at the beginning of a line will disrupt ezmlm-make operation. Any occurrence of tags with the format ``<#X#>'' with with 'X' being any digit, 'B', 'C', 'D', 'F', 'H', 'L', or 'T' will be substituted by ezmlm-make. Any occurrence of a tag of this format with 'X' being 'h', 'l', 'A', or 'R' will be substituted by ezmlm-store and ezmlm-manage at run time. ezmlm-send will substitute tags with 'h' and 'l', and tags with 'n' will be replaced by the current message number. ezmlm-get will substitute tags ``<#h#>'', ``<#l#>'' in the same way. The tag ``<#n#>'' will be replaced by the digest message number which is the number of the first message in the digest.
In practice, these character sequences are unlikely to occur in any multi-byte character set text. They also will not occur by chance in single-byte character sets where '<', '/', and '#' retain their us-ascii codes.
ezmlm-make cannot deal with ezmlmrc lines containing NUL (they will be truncated at the NUL). This needs to be fixed to make it 8-bit clean.
ezmlm-clean(1), ezmlm-get(1), ezmlm-manage(1), ezmlm-moderate(1), ezmlm-send(1), ezmlm-store(1), ezmlm-sub(1), ezmlm-unsub(1), ezmlm(5),