table.go

/*
Copyright 2019 The Knative Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package testing

import (
	"context"
	"path"
	"reflect"
	"strings"
	"testing"

	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp/cmpopts"
	"go.uber.org/zap"

	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/resource"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
	clientgotesting "k8s.io/client-go/testing"
	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/cache"

	"knative.dev/pkg/controller"
	"knative.dev/pkg/kmeta"
	"knative.dev/pkg/logging"
	"knative.dev/pkg/logging/logkey"
	_ "knative.dev/pkg/system/testing" // Setup system.Namespace()
)

// TableRow holds a single row of our table test.
type TableRow struct {
	// Name is a descriptive name for this test suitable as a first argument to t.Run()
	Name string

	// Ctx is the context to pass to Reconcile. Defaults to context.Background()
	Ctx context.Context

	// Objects holds the state of the world at the onset of reconciliation.
	Objects []runtime.Object

	// Key is the parameter to reconciliation.
	// This has the form "namespace/name".
	Key string

	// WantErr holds whether we should expect the reconciliation to result in an error.
	WantErr bool

	// WantCreates holds the ordered list of Create calls we expect during reconciliation.
	WantCreates []runtime.Object

	// WantUpdates holds the ordered list of Update calls we expect during reconciliation.
	WantUpdates []clientgotesting.UpdateActionImpl

	// WantStatusUpdates holds the ordered list of Update calls, with `status` subresource set,
	// that we expect during reconciliation.
	WantStatusUpdates []clientgotesting.UpdateActionImpl

	// WantDeletes holds the ordered list of Delete calls we expect during reconciliation.
	WantDeletes []clientgotesting.DeleteActionImpl

	// WantDeleteCollections holds the ordered list of DeleteCollection calls we expect during reconciliation.
	WantDeleteCollections []clientgotesting.DeleteCollectionActionImpl

	// WantPatches holds the ordered list of Patch calls we expect during reconciliation.
	WantPatches []clientgotesting.PatchActionImpl

	// WantEvents holds the ordered list of events we expect during reconciliation.
	WantEvents []string

	// WithReactors is a set of functions that are installed as Reactors for the execution
	// of this row of the table-driven-test.
	WithReactors []clientgotesting.ReactionFunc

	// For cluster-scoped resources like ClusterIngress, it does not have to be
	// in the same namespace with its child resources.
	SkipNamespaceValidation bool

	// PostConditions allows custom assertions to be made after reconciliation
	PostConditions []func(*testing.T, *TableRow)

	// Reconciler holds the controller.Reconciler that was used to evaluate this row.
	// It is populated here to make it accessible to PostConditions.
	Reconciler controller.Reconciler

	// OtherTestData is arbitrary data needed for the test. It is not used directly by the table
	// testing framework. Instead it is used in the test method. E.g. setting up the responses for a
	// mock client can go in here.
	OtherTestData map[string]interface{}

	CmpOpts []cmp.Option
}

var (
	ignoreLastTransitionTime = cmp.FilterPath(func(p cmp.Path) bool {
		return strings.HasSuffix(p.String(), "LastTransitionTime.Inner.Time")
	}, cmp.Ignore())

	ignoreQuantity = cmpopts.IgnoreUnexported(resource.Quantity{})
	defaultCmpOpts = []cmp.Option{ignoreLastTransitionTime, ignoreQuantity, cmpopts.EquateEmpty()}
)

func objKey(o runtime.Object) string {
	on := o.(kmeta.Accessor)

	var typeOf string
	if gvk := on.GroupVersionKind(); gvk.Group != "" {
		// This must be populated if we're dealing with unstructured.Unstructured.
		typeOf = gvk.String()
	} else if or, ok := on.(kmeta.OwnerRefable); ok {
		// This is typically implemented by Knative resources.
		typeOf = or.GetGroupVersionKind().String()
	} else {
		// Worst case, fallback on a non-GVK string.
		typeOf = reflect.TypeOf(o).String()
	}

	// namespace + name is not unique, and the tests don't populate k8s kind
	// information, so use GoLang's type name as part of the key.
	return path.Join(typeOf, on.GetNamespace(), on.GetName())
}

// Factory returns a Reconciler.Interface to perform reconciliation in table test, and
// ActionRecorderList/EventList to capture k8s actions/events produced during reconciliation.
type Factory func(*testing.T, *TableRow) (controller.Reconciler, ActionRecorderList, EventList)

// Test executes the single table test.
func (r *TableRow) Test(t *testing.T, factory Factory) {
	t.Helper()
	c, recorderList, eventList := factory(t, r)

	// Set the Reconciler for PostConditions to access it post-Reconcile()
	r.Reconciler = c

	// Set context to not be nil.
	ctx := r.Ctx
	if ctx == nil {
		ctx = context.Background()
	} else {
		// If we have logger setup on the context, decorate it with the key, so that the logs
		// look like in prod.
		l := logging.FromContext(ctx)
		l = l.With(zap.String(logkey.Key, r.Key))
		ctx = logging.WithLogger(ctx, l)
	}

	// Run the Reconcile we're testing.
	if err := c.Reconcile(ctx, r.Key); (err != nil) != r.WantErr {
		t.Errorf("Reconcile() error = %v, WantErr %v", err, r.WantErr)
	}

	expectedNamespace, _, _ := cache.SplitMetaNamespaceKey(r.Key)

	actions, err := recorderList.ActionsByVerb()
	if err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Error capturing actions by verb: %q", err)
	}

	effectiveOpts := append(r.CmpOpts, defaultCmpOpts...)
	// Previous state is used to diff resource expected state for update requests that were missed.
	objPrevState := make(map[string]runtime.Object, len(r.Objects))
	for _, o := range r.Objects {
		objPrevState[objKey(o)] = o
	}

	for i, want := range r.WantCreates {
		if i >= len(actions.Creates) {
			t.Errorf("Missing create: %#v", want)
			continue
		}
		got := actions.Creates[i]
		obj := got.GetObject()
		objPrevState[objKey(obj)] = obj

		if !r.SkipNamespaceValidation && got.GetNamespace() != expectedNamespace {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected action[%d]: %#v", i, got)
		}

		if !cmp.Equal(want, obj, effectiveOpts...) {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected create (-want, +got):\n%s",
				cmp.Diff(want, obj, effectiveOpts...))
		}
	}
	if got, want := len(actions.Creates), len(r.WantCreates); got > want {
		for _, extra := range actions.Creates[want:] {
			t.Errorf("Extra create: %#v", extra.GetObject())
		}
	}

	updates := filterUpdatesWithSubresource("", actions.Updates)
	for i, want := range r.WantUpdates {
		if i >= len(updates) {
			wo := want.GetObject()
			key := objKey(wo)
			oldObj, ok := objPrevState[key]
			if !ok {
				t.Errorf("Object %s was never created: want: %#v", key, wo)
				continue
			}
			t.Errorf("Missing update for %s (-want, +prevState):\n%s", key,
				cmp.Diff(wo, oldObj, effectiveOpts...))
			continue
		}

		if want.GetSubresource() != "" {
			t.Errorf("Expectation was invalid - it should not include a subresource: %#v", want)
		}

		got := updates[i].GetObject()

		// Update the object state.
		objPrevState[objKey(got)] = got

		if !cmp.Equal(want.GetObject(), got, effectiveOpts...) {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected update (-want, +got):\n%s",
				cmp.Diff(want.GetObject(), got, effectiveOpts...))
		}
	}
	if got, want := len(updates), len(r.WantUpdates); got > want {
		for _, extra := range updates[want:] {
			t.Errorf("Extra update: %#v", extra.GetObject())
		}
	}

	// TODO(#2843): refactor.
	statusUpdates := filterUpdatesWithSubresource("status", actions.Updates)
	for i, want := range r.WantStatusUpdates {
		if i >= len(statusUpdates) {
			wo := want.GetObject()
			key := objKey(wo)
			oldObj, ok := objPrevState[key]
			if !ok {
				t.Errorf("Object %s was never created: want: %#v", key, wo)
				continue
			}
			t.Errorf("Missing status update for %s (-want, +prevState):\n%s", key,
				cmp.Diff(wo, oldObj, effectiveOpts...))
			continue
		}

		got := statusUpdates[i].GetObject()

		// Update the object state.
		objPrevState[objKey(got)] = got

		if !cmp.Equal(want.GetObject(), got, effectiveOpts...) {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected status update (-want, +got):\n%s\nFull: %v",
				cmp.Diff(want.GetObject(), got, effectiveOpts...), got)
		}
	}
	if got, want := len(statusUpdates), len(r.WantStatusUpdates); got > want {
		for _, extra := range statusUpdates[want:] {
			wo := extra.GetObject()
			key := objKey(wo)
			oldObj, ok := objPrevState[key]
			if !ok {
				t.Errorf("Object %s was never created: want: %#v", key, wo)
				continue
			}
			t.Errorf("Extra status update for %s (-extra, +prevState):\n%s", key,
				cmp.Diff(wo, oldObj, effectiveOpts...))
		}
	}

	if len(statusUpdates)+len(updates) != len(actions.Updates) {
		var unexpected []runtime.Object

		for _, update := range actions.Updates {
			if update.GetSubresource() != "status" && update.GetSubresource() != "" {
				unexpected = append(unexpected, update.GetObject())
			}
		}

		t.Errorf("Unexpected subresource updates occurred %#v", unexpected)
	}

	// Build a set of unique strings that represent type-name{-namespace}.
	// Adding type will help catch the bugs where several similarly named
	// resources are deleted (and some should or should not).
	gotDeletes := make(sets.String, len(actions.Deletes))
	for _, w := range actions.Deletes {
		n := w.GetResource().Resource + "~~" + w.GetName()
		if !r.SkipNamespaceValidation {
			n += "~~" + w.GetNamespace()
		}
		gotDeletes.Insert(n)
	}
	wantDeletes := make(sets.String, len(actions.Deletes))
	for _, w := range r.WantDeletes {
		n := w.GetResource().Resource + "~~" + w.GetName()
		if !r.SkipNamespaceValidation {
			n += "~~" + w.GetNamespace()
		}
		wantDeletes.Insert(n)
	}
	if !gotDeletes.Equal(wantDeletes) {
		if extra := gotDeletes.Difference(wantDeletes); len(extra) > 0 {
			t.Error("Extra or unexpected deletes:", extra.UnsortedList())
		}
		if missing := wantDeletes.Difference(gotDeletes); len(missing) > 0 {
			t.Error("Missing deletes:", missing.UnsortedList())
		}
	}

	for i, want := range r.WantPatches {
		if i >= len(actions.Patches) {
			t.Errorf("Missing patch: %#v; raw: %s", want, string(want.GetPatch()))
			continue
		}

		got := actions.Patches[i]
		if got.GetName() != want.GetName() {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected patch[%d]: %#v", i, got)
		}
		if (!r.SkipNamespaceValidation && got.GetNamespace() != expectedNamespace) &&
			(!r.SkipNamespaceValidation && got.GetResource().GroupResource().Resource != "namespaces" &&
				got.GetName() != expectedNamespace) {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected patch[%d]: %#v", i, got)
		}
		if got, want := string(got.GetPatch()), string(want.GetPatch()); got != want {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected patch(-want, +got):\n%s", cmp.Diff(want, got))
		}
	}
	if got, want := len(actions.Patches), len(r.WantPatches); got > want {
		for _, extra := range actions.Patches[want:] {
			t.Errorf("Extra patch: %#v; raw: %s", extra, string(extra.GetPatch()))
		}
	}

	gotEvents := eventList.Events()
	for i, want := range r.WantEvents {
		if i >= len(gotEvents) {
			t.Error("Missing event:", want)
			continue
		}

		if !cmp.Equal(want, gotEvents[i]) {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected event(-want, +got):\n%s", cmp.Diff(want, gotEvents[i]))
		}
	}
	if got, want := len(gotEvents), len(r.WantEvents); got > want {
		for _, extra := range gotEvents[want:] {
			t.Error("Extra event:", extra)
		}
	}

	for _, verify := range r.PostConditions {
		verify(t, r)
	}
}

func filterUpdatesWithSubresource(
	subresource string,
	actions []clientgotesting.UpdateAction) (result []clientgotesting.UpdateAction) {
	for _, action := range actions {
		if action.GetSubresource() == subresource {
			result = append(result, action)
		}
	}
	return
}

// TableTest represents a list of TableRow tests instances.
type TableTest []TableRow

// Test executes the whole suite of the table tests.
func (tt TableTest) Test(t *testing.T, factory Factory) {
	t.Helper()
	for _, test := range tt {
		// Record the original objects in table.
		originObjects := make([]runtime.Object, len(test.Objects))
		for i, obj := range test.Objects {
			originObjects[i] = obj.DeepCopyObject()
		}
		t.Run(test.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
			t.Helper()
			test.Test(t, factory)
			opts := make([]cmp.Option, 0, len(defaultCmpOpts)+len(test.CmpOpts))
			opts = append(opts, defaultCmpOpts...)
			opts = append(opts, test.CmpOpts...)
			// Validate cached objects do not get soiled after controller loops.
			if !cmp.Equal(originObjects, test.Objects, opts...) {
				t.Errorf("Unexpected objects (-want, +got):\n%s",
					cmp.Diff(originObjects, test.Objects, opts...))
			}
		})
	}
}