diff --git a/src/Illuminate/Testing/Concerns/TestDatabases.php b/src/Illuminate/Testing/Concerns/TestDatabases.php
index 6dfe56105f1b..7f81c604bcdc 100644
--- a/src/Illuminate/Testing/Concerns/TestDatabases.php
+++ b/src/Illuminate/Testing/Concerns/TestDatabases.php
@@ -47,13 +47,17 @@ protected function bootTestDatabase()
 
             if (Arr::hasAny($uses, $databaseTraits)) {
                 $this->whenNotUsingInMemoryDatabase(function ($database) use ($uses) {
-                    $testDatabase = $this->ensureTestDatabaseExists($database);
+                    [$testDatabase, $created] = $this->ensureTestDatabaseExists($database);
 
                     $this->switchToDatabase($testDatabase);
 
                     if (isset($uses[Testing\DatabaseTransactions::class])) {
                         $this->ensureSchemaIsUpToDate();
                     }
+
+                    if ($created) {
+                        ParallelTesting::callSetUpTestDatabaseCallbacks($testDatabase);
+                    }
                 });
             }
         });
@@ -64,22 +68,26 @@ protected function bootTestDatabase()
      *
      * @param  string  $database
      *
-     * @return string
+     * @return array
      */
     protected function ensureTestDatabaseExists($database)
     {
-        return tap($this->testDatabase($database), function ($testDatabase) use ($database) {
-            try {
-                $this->usingDatabase($testDatabase, function () {
-                    Schema::hasTable('dummy');
-                });
-            } catch (QueryException $e) {
-                $this->usingDatabase($database, function () use ($testDatabase) {
-                    Schema::dropDatabaseIfExists($testDatabase);
-                    Schema::createDatabase($testDatabase);
-                });
-            }
-        });
+        $testDatabase = $this->testDatabase($database);
+
+        try {
+            $this->usingDatabase($testDatabase, function () {
+                Schema::hasTable('dummy');
+            });
+        } catch (QueryException $e) {
+            $this->usingDatabase($database, function () use ($testDatabase) {
+                Schema::dropDatabaseIfExists($testDatabase);
+                Schema::createDatabase($testDatabase);
+            });
+
+            return [$testDatabase, true];
+        }
+
+        return [$testDatabase, false];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/Illuminate/Testing/ParallelTesting.php b/src/Illuminate/Testing/ParallelTesting.php
index 842b809f822f..11ebcfa89ed6 100644
--- a/src/Illuminate/Testing/ParallelTesting.php
+++ b/src/Illuminate/Testing/ParallelTesting.php
@@ -42,6 +42,13 @@ class ParallelTesting
      */
     protected $setUpTestCaseCallbacks = [];
 
+    /**
+     * All of the registered "setUp" test database callbacks.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $setUpTestDatabaseCallbacks = [];
+
     /**
      * All of the registered "tearDown" process callbacks.
      *
@@ -111,6 +118,17 @@ public function setUpTestCase($callback)
         $this->setUpTestCaseCallbacks[] = $callback;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Register a "setUp" test database callback.
+     *
+     * @param  callable  $callback
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function setUpTestDatabase($callback)
+    {
+        $this->setUpTestDatabaseCallbacks[] = $callback;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Register a "tearDown" process callback.
      *
@@ -167,6 +185,24 @@ public function callSetUpTestCaseCallbacks($testCase)
         });
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Call all of the "setUp" test database callbacks.
+     *
+     * @param  string  $database
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function callSetUpTestDatabaseCallbacks($database)
+    {
+        $this->whenRunningInParallel(function () use ($database) {
+            foreach ($this->setUpTestDatabaseCallbacks as $callback) {
+                $this->container->call($callback, [
+                    'database' => $database,
+                    'token' => $this->token(),
+                ]);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
     /**
      * Call all of the "tearDown" process callbacks.
      *
diff --git a/tests/Testing/ParallelTestingTest.php b/tests/Testing/ParallelTestingTest.php
index 802eddfbc0ae..d7a0406019ed 100644
--- a/tests/Testing/ParallelTestingTest.php
+++ b/tests/Testing/ParallelTestingTest.php
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ public function callbacks()
         return [
             ['setUpProcess'],
             ['setUpTestCase'],
+            ['setUpTestDatabase'],
             ['tearDownTestCase'],
             ['tearDownProcess'],
         ];