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Eval.txt
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Eval.txt
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a
Black Americans are twice as likely to suffer from hypertension as white Americans.The same is true when comparing Westernized black Africans to white Africans.The researchers hypothesized that the reason why westernized black people suffer from hypertension is the result of the interaction of two reasons? one is the high salt content of western foods, and the other is the adaptation mechanism of black genetic genes to the salt-deficient environment .
The following conclusions about contemporary westernized African blacks, if the item is true, can it best support the researchers' hypothesis?
A.The blood pressure of the descendants of Senegalese and Gambians is usually not high, and the history of Senegal and Gambia has not been short of salt.
B.The unusually high salt intake in certain parts of Africa is a serious problem that threatens the health of residents.
C.Considering health care, most African whites also pay attention to controlling salt intake.
D.The blood pressure of Yoruba people in West Africa is not high.Yoruba people have lived inland far away from sea salt and far away from the Sahara salt mine in Africa.
a
The prohibition of advertising cigarettes on public media does not reduce the number of young people smoking, because they have known for a long time that there are cigarettes in the world, known for various brands of cigarettes, and know where to get them.They do not need advertisements to provide this information.
The following, if true, can weaken the above argument most?
A.Watching or listening to advertisements can increase a person's desire to obtain such products.
B.Prohibition of cigarette advertisements on public media will cause other forms of cigarette advertisements to proliferate.
C.Cigarette advertising on public media is a major expense for tobacco companies.
D.Anti-smokers have advertised in the public media against smoking from the beginning.
d
Three international students are sitting side by side on the bench.Already know? (1) At least one of the two people on the right of the Sudanese student is a French student.(2) There is also a French student among the two people on the left of the French student.(3) At least one of the two people on the left of the boy is a girl.(4) One of the two people on the right of the girl is also a girl.
So, for these three people, is the following judgment true?
A.Sudanese girls and French boys.French boys.
B.Sudanese boys, French boys, French girls.
C.Sudanese girls, French girls, French girls.
D.Sudanese girls, French girls, French boys.
a
Xiao Wang, Xiao Li and Xiao Zhang are going to climb the mountain.The weather forecast said it might rain today.Around the weather forecast, three people argued.Xiao Wang? "It may rain today.That does not exclude today or it may not rain.Let's go hiking.Xiao Li?" It might rain today, which means that it is going to rain today.Let's not go climbing."Xiao Zhang?" It may rain today.It just means that it is not necessary for you to decide whether to rain or not to climb the mountain today."
Understanding of the weather forecast, out of three people
A.Xiao Wang and Xiao Zhang are correct, but Xiao Li is incorrect.
B.Xiao Wang is correct, Xiao Li and Xiao Zhang are incorrect.
C.Xiao Li is correct, Xiao Wang and Xiao Zhang are incorrect.
D.Xiao Zhang is correct, Xiao Wang and Xiao Li are incorrect.
d
Many people who call themselves teachers are actually not teachers, because teaching is not their main source of income.
The above discussion assumes the following conclusion?
A.The income of teaching cannot maintain the normal life of teachers.
B.Many people called teachers lack qualified professional knowledge and skills.
C.The amount of income is a measure that the profession is valued by society.
D.A person cannot be called a writer unless writing is the main source of his income.The situation is the same for other occupations.
a
Zhao Ming, Qian Hong and Sun Jie were admitted to Peking University, Tsinghua University and Beijing Normal University.Which schools were they admitted to? The students made the following guesses? Classmate A guessed? Zhao Ming was admitted to Tsinghua University and Sun Jie was admitted to Beijing Normal University.Student B guess? Zhao Ming was admitted to Beijing Normal University, Qian Hong was admitted to Tsinghua University.Student C guess? Zhao Ming was admitted to Peking University, Sun Jie was admitted to Tsinghua University.As a result, the students' guesses were half correct.
Well, their admission status is
A.Zhao Ming, Qian Hong and Sun Jie were accepted by Peking University, Tsinghua University and Beijing Normal University respectively.
B.Zhao Ming, Qian Hong and Sun Jie were admitted to Tsinghua University, Beijing Normal University and Peking University respectively.
C.Zhao Ming, Qian Hong and Sun Jie were admitted to Beijing Normal University, Tsinghua University and Peking University respectively.
D.Zhao Ming, Qian Hong and Sun Jie were accepted by Peking University, Beijing Normal University and Tsinghua University respectively.
b
Someone made a suggestion to the manager of a garment factory? replace the sewing machine with a large sewing thread, so that you don't have to stop the thread frequently to change the thread, which helps reduce labor costs.
This suggestion presets the following items?
A.The large sewing thread is not as strong as the trumpet.
B.The factory implements a hourly wage system, not a piece-rate wage system.
C.The sewing machine does not need to be shut down for regular maintenance and inspection.
D.Operators are not allowed to leave the machine during work.
b
Lao Li bought a watch and found that the time of the watch was 2 minutes faster than the wall clock at home every hour.Lao Li also compared the wall clock at home with the standard time published by the radio station, and found that the time of the wall clock was 2 minutes slower than the standard time every hour.
The following item is the most accurate evaluation and explanation of the above reasoning?
A.This reasoning is correct.Because the watch is 2 minutes faster than the wall clock and the wall clock is 2 minutes slower than the standard time, the watch and the standard time are the same.
B.This theory is wrong.Because the wall clock is 2 minutes slower than standard time, these 2 minutes are standard time; the watch is 2 minutes faster than the wall clock, and these 2 minutes are not standard time.Therefore, the watch and the standard time are inconsistent.
C.This reasoning is wrong.Because the watch should not be compared with the wall clock, but should be directly compared with the standard time.
D.This reasoning is wrong.Because the comparison of watch, wall clock and radio standard time is not done at the same time.
d
A bank was stolen, and four people, A.B, C, were suspected of being detained for trial.The detection results show that the criminal is one of them.A said? "It was Bingyu." B said? "I didn't steal." Nei said? "I didn't steal." Ding said; `` If B didn't steal, then I stole."It has now been ascertained that only one of them is telling lies.
From the above conditions, can the following be established?
A.Part one.
B.One copy.
C.C lose.
D.Ding steals.
d
The circulation of provincial reports in Province A is 10 times the circulation of provincial reports in Province B.Therefore, the people in Province A are more concerned about current news than the people in Province B.
The following concludes that if it is true, the above argument can be weakened most?
A.The population of Province A is 10% of the population of Province B.
B.The area of Province A is 5 times the area of Province B.
C.The provincial newspapers of Province A are mainly sold in other provinces.
D.The provincial newspapers of province A are mainly sold in province B.
d
After a product is sold, it is found that there are serious quality problems, the user proposes? "Either exchange or double the compensation, the two must do one." The seller said? "We cannot agree."
If the seller insists on his claim, the following concludes that the seller must agree logically?
A.Exchange but do not double the compensation.
B.Double the compensation but do not exchange it.
C.Both exchange and double the compensation.
D.If neither the exchange nor the doubling of the compensation can be done, you must accept both the exchange and the doubling of the compensation.
d
A headache faced by policymakers in a certain country is the so-called "don't stay at my door" syndrome.For example, although polls have shown time and time again that the majority of the public approve of the construction of new prisons, when policy makers formally announced plans to build a new prison in a certain place, there were always protests from nearby residents and B protests There are always ways to put the plan on hold.
The following also belongs to the "don't stay at my door" syndrome mentioned above?
A.a parent advocates that children infected with HIV cannot be admitted to public schools.When he knew that a child infected with HIV had entered his child's school, he immediately went through the procedures for dropping out of his child.
B.A politician advocated that all government officials must perform public registration of personal property, and he submitted a false property registration form himself.
C.A professor advocates that religious groups have an obligation to engage in charitable causes, but he refuses to donate money to support the hungry in Somalia.
D.A car manufacturer advocates international free trade of cars in order to benefit the economies of various countries, but requires its government to restrict the import of foreign-made cars.
a
A crime investigation report revealed that 60% of the serious criminal cases in a city in the past three years were committed by 350 habitual offenders who had been recorded.The report also revealed that more than half of the perpetrators of serious criminal cases were also drug addicts,
If the above conclusions are true, then the following must be true?
A.There may be no drug addicts among the 35O repeat offenders.
B.There must be drug addicts among the 350 repeat criminals.
C.Most of the 350 repeat offenders are drug addicts.
D.Most of the drug addicts are among the 35O repeat offenders.
d
If Xiao Zhao goes to travel, then Xiao Qian, Xiao Sun and Xiao Li will go together.
If the above conclusion is true, then the following is also true?
A.If Xiao Zhao did not travel, at least one of Xiao Qian, Xiao Sun, and Xiao Li did not go.
B.If Xiao Zhao did not travel, then Xiao Qian, Xiao Sun, and Xiao Li did not go.
C.If Xiao Qian, Xiao Sun, and Xiao Li all travel, then Xiao Zhao also goes
D.If Xiao Sun didn't go to travel, then Xiao Zhao and Xiao Li wouldn't go.
a
The newspaper published a list of 20 major domestic hospitals, sorted according to their patient mortality in the past 3 years.Experts pointed out that the order of ranking should not be used as a criterion for evaluating the medical level of these hospitals.
The following items, if true, can be used as an argument to support the expert ’s conclusion, except
A.Of these 20 hospitals, 5 rely on state funding to import a number of advanced, large, and supporting medical equipment from abroad, and none of the rest.
B.In some hospitals, the long-term stay of hospitalized patients leads to a higher patient mortality rate; in some hospitals, the morbidity of terminally ill patients who are hopelessly treated and discharged from hospitals is often lowered.
C.Among the 20 hospitals, there are 2 hospitals for the elderly and 3 children's hospitals.
D.Of the 20 hospitals, 2 are oncology hospitals.
b
In a restaurant, a table discusses business while dining.Among them, three are from Chengdu, three are from Shenzhen, and two are only engaged in electromechanical business.3 people also do cosmetics business.
If the above conclusion is true, then the following is also true?
A.At least 3 people are possible, and at most 8 people.
B.The minimum may be 5 people, and the maximum may be 8 people.
C.The minimum may be 5 people, and the maximum may be 9 people.
D.At least 3 people are possible, and at most 9 people are possible.
c
Teacher Wang criticized Xiao Li for saying, "How come you are late for the math class?"
If the above conclusion is true, then the following is also true?
A.Xiao Li was late for class.
B.Someone in the school did not observe classroom discipline.
C.Xiao Li doesn't like math class.
D.The time of the math class is clear.
b
An organization that elects a leadership team implements such a rule? if there are more than one candidate, the candidate must agree to be nominated, and before expressing his consent, he must be informed who his candidate is.
If the above conclusion is true, then the following is also true?
A.Implement the rule, no candidate may be nominated
B.The rule is not enforced.At most, only one candidate can be nominated.
C.Implementing this rule, there is at most one candidate nominated.
D.Implement the rule so that the number of nominated candidates is greater than not implementing the rule.
b
Xiao Zhang asked Xiao Li to go to the mall the next day.Xiao Li said? "If it doesn't rain tomorrow, I'll go climbing." The next day, there was drizzle in the world.Xiao Zhang thought that Xiao Li wouldn't go climbing.He went to Xiao Li's dormitory to find him.Who knows that Xiao Li still went hiking.When the two met again, Xiao Zhang blamed Xiao Li for eating words.If it rained, why did he go to climb the mountain; Xiao Li said that he did not eat words, and it was illogical for Xiao Zhang to reason.
For the argument between the two, the following is appropriate?
A.This argument between Xiao Zhang and Xiao Li is meaningless.
B.Xiao Zhang's inference is illogical.
C.The two people have a different understanding of drizzle.
D.This argument was caused by Xiao Li's words.
d
There are three types of robots in a laboratory.Type A can recognize colors, type B can recognize shapes, and type C can neither recognize colors nor shapes.The laboratory experimented with robots 1 and 2 using red balls, basketballs, red squares, and blue squares, and ordered them to pick up the red balls, but number 1 picked up the red squares, and number 2 picked up the basketball.
Based on the above experiment, which of the following must be true?
A.Both No.1 and No.2 must be type C.
B.Both No.1 and No.2 must not be type C.
C.No.1 is A and No.2 is Type B.
D.No.1 is not B and No.2 is not Type A.
c
Students will go to the classroom after physical education class, 15 people drank pure water in the water dispenser, 5 of them quickly developed diarrhea.The pure water in the drinking fountain was immediately sent for inspection, and the results of the inspection were not sure that there were harmful substances that caused diarrhea.Therefore, drinking pure water from a drinking fountain is not the cause of diarrhea.
If the above test results are correct, which of the following is the most appropriate evaluation of the above argument?
A.The argument for the topic is valid.
B.There is a loophole in the argument about the topic, because it does not take into account another fact? those who did not drink the pure water in the drinking fountain did not cause diarrhea.
C.There is a loophole in the argument of the stem, because it regards the lack of evidence to prove the existence of a certain situation as sufficient evidence to prove that a certain situation does not exist.
D.There is a loophole in the argument about the stem, because it does not use a strong argument? why do more people drink pure water in the drinking fountain without causing diarrhea.
d
Dan Dan, Xiao Ying and Shu Zhen went to participate in the Olympic competition.There are three kinds of Olympiads in mathematics, physics and chemistry.Jianguo, Xiaojie, and Daniel made the following guesses? Jianguo? Dan Dan participated in the mathematics competition, and Xiaoying participated in the physics competition.Xiaojie? Shuzhen did not participate in the physics competition, Xiaoying participated in the mathematics competition.Daniel? Dan Dan did not participate in the mathematics competition, Xiaoying participated in the chemistry competition.
If their guesses are half right, which of the following is true?
A.Dan Dan, Xiao Ying and Shu Zhen participated in mathematics, physics and chemistry competitions respectively.
B.Dan Dan, Xiao Ying and Shu Zhen participated in physics, mathematics and chemistry competitions respectively.
C.Dan Dan, Xiao Ying and Shu Zhen participated in mathematics, chemistry and physics competitions respectively.
D.Dan Dan, Xiao Ying and Shu Zhen participated in chemistry, physics and mathematics competitions respectively.
a
The school track and field sports will have 4 track projects? 100M, 200M, 400M and 800M.In the second class, three boys Jianguo, Xiaojie, Daniel and three girls Dandan, Xiaoying and Shuzhen participated.The sports will have two regulations? (1) Each project must be attended by men and women at the same time or not.(2) Each person can only participate in one project.
If Jianguo participated in 100M or 200M, Daniel participated in 400M, and Dandan participated in 800M, which of the following must be true?
A.Xiaojie participated in 800M.
B.Jianguo participated in 100M.
C.Xiaoying participated in 200M.
D.Shuzhen participated in 400M.
d
In a basketball team, Smith is taller than Daniel and Pierce is shorter than Harry, so Smith is taller than Pierce.The following items are added to the premise of the stem as new premises.Except for one, the reasoning of the stem can be established.
What does this not make reasoning true?
A.Smith is as tall as Harry.
B.Daniel is as tall as Harry.
C.Daniel is taller than Harry.
D.Harry is taller than Daniel.
d
If you bought a Lenovo computer in 2002, you must have installed the Windows XP operating system.
This conclusion can be drawn from which of the following options?
A.Only Lenovo computers purchased in 2002 are installed with the Windows XP operating system.
B.The Lenovo computers on the market in 2002 were all produced in 2001.
C.Lenovo computers on the market before 2002 did not install the Windows XP operating system.
D.All computers on the market in 2002 were installed with Windows XP operating system.
b
Statistics show that the proportion of people who died of lung disease in Arizona is greater than that in other states, because Arizona's climate is more likely to cause lung disease.
Which of the following best refutes the above argument?
A.The climate is only one factor causing lung disease.
B.Arizona's climate is good for lung disease, and people with lung disease come to this state.
C.Americans usually do not live in one place all their lives.
D.There is no evidence that climate has an effect on lung disease.
b
A city has two pillar industries, traditional handicraft industry and tourism.The development of traditional handicraft industry will inevitably lead to pollution, thereby destroying the ecological environment.But a good ecological environment is a necessary condition for the development of tourism.
Which of the following can be inferred from the above conclusion?
A.The municipal government should vigorously strengthen the protection of the ecological environment.
B.This city cannot develop traditional handicrafts and tourism at the same time.
C.Traditional industries and tourism should be replaced with other industries.
D.The economic income of this city mainly depends on traditional handicrafts.
c
People in S City like to drink very much, and often have trouble drinking alcohol, which affects the security environment of S City.In order to improve the public security environment in the city, the city government decided to reduce the production of spirits produced in S City.
Which of the following can best question the municipal government ’s decision?
A.It is not just drunkenness and trouble that affect the security environment of S City.
B.Some people who drink low-alcohol also drink and make trouble..
Most of the spirits on the C.S City market come from other cities.
The economic income of D.S City mainly comes from the production of spirits.
d
Li Qiang said? "I know 100 people.None of the people I know are unemployed, so the unemployment rate in China must be very low."
Which of the following best refutes Li Qiang's reasoning?
A.There are children among the people Li Qiang knows.
B.The unemployment rate in the city where Li Qiang is located is different from other cities.
C.Due to the existence of floating population, it is difficult to calculate the unemployment rate.
D.The vast majority of Li Qiang knows are colleagues in the unit.
b
In order to improve the quality of students, the school offers two optional courses in arts and sciences.Statistics show that some students have taken all elective courses in liberal arts and some students have taken all elective courses in science.
So which of the following must be true?
A.Some students have taken all elective courses.
B.Each elective course has student electives.
C.There is one elective course, and more than one student elects it.
D.Some people only choose elective courses in the repair department.
d
Someone has made such a reasoning? Lu Xun's works can not be read in one day, "Dragon Xugou" is Lu Xun's work, so "Long Xugou" can not be read in one day.
For this reasoning, which of the following is true?
A.This reasoning is correct.
B.This reasoning is wrong because one of its premises is wrong.
C.This reasoning is wrong because its conclusion is wrong.
D.This reasoning is wrong because it made "four conceptual errors".
d
Genetically modified foods may bring side effects, but a genetically modified soybean contains trace elements that are beneficial to human health.Experts recommend that people consume products processed from this soybean.
Which of the following best supports the expert ’s suggestion?
A.Side effects of processed genetically modified foods will be reduced.
B.Such trace elements cannot be obtained from other foods.
C.There is no evidence that GM foods will bring side effects.
D.The benefit of this trace element to human health is greater than the harm caused by the side effects of genetically modified foods.
b
In the debate about whether civil servants should implement the final elimination system, Zhang Hong ’s argument is that the implementation of the final elimination system can encourage people to work actively, thereby improving the efficiency of the organization.Jin Jing's view is? The question is whether a civil servant should be eliminated after he has completed his job.After some agencies tried out the final elimination system, they really improved their work efficiency.
Which of the following most appropriately evaluates the impact of this fact on the views held by the two?
A.Neither of them has been affected.
B.Only Zhang Hong's views have been strengthened.
C.Both views have been strengthened.
D.Only Jin Jing's view was strengthened.
c
The truck only goes on the road after 8pm.Drivers who drink and drive do not drive lights.The van will not go on the road after 8pm.All cars driving on the road after 8pm are turned on.Some military vehicles drive on the road after 8 pm.
If the above propositions are true, then which of the following is impossible?
A.The van driver drunk.
B.The van is driving with lights on.
C.The driver drunk and drove into the truck.
D.The driver of a military vehicle drinks and drives.
d
A? "I have often seen him walk with his children recently." B? "So, he is already a father."
The logical premise of B's talk is?
A.All those who have become fathers must take their children for a walk.
B.Some people who often take children for a walk have become fathers.
C.Only those who often take children for a walk are fathers.
D.People who are not fathers cannot take their children for a walk.
c
Three people attending the symposium are football enthusiasts, four are Asians, two are Japanese and five are businessmen.The above narrative involved all party participants, including the Japanese without business.
So, the number of people attending the party is?
A.Up to 14 people, at least 5 people.
B.Up to 14 people, at least 7 people.
C.A maximum of 12 people and a minimum of 7 people.
D.Up to 12 people, at least 5 people.
c
I am not at the crime scene.If I am, then, I have not sinned.If I committed a crime, then it must be my unconsciousness.
Which of the following is most similar to the above argument?
A.I only eat chicken or fish or duck.If I do n’t eat chicken, then I must eat fish or duck.If I do n’t eat duck, then I must eat fish.
B.I never lie.If I lie, then I must be forced.If I am forced to lie, then the responsibility is not on me.
C.I didn't borrow your book.If I borrowed it, I would not break the book.If I broke the book, it was because I was not careful.
D.She completed her homework on time every day.If she did not complete her homework, then she would not sleep.If she sleeps, it must be her homework.
b
The teacher in charge of the class told an excellent student that the reason why you achieved such good results was mainly because I had a good teaching plan.
Which of the following, if true, will most strongly refute the teacher ’s statement?
A.The internal cause is the basis for change, and the external cause is the condition for change.
B.Most other students in the class are not good at learning.
C.In another class, there are students who are very good at learning, and he is not a class teacher.
D.The parents of this outstanding student invited a famous scholar to teach the student.
c
years ago, cancer patients survived an average of 5.4 years after the discovery of the disease, and now it has reached 6.7 years.This shows that the improvement of medical level has prolonged the survival time of cancer patients.
The above conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?
A.The number of patients who received treatment 10 years ago is similar to the current one.
B.There were not as many people who bought medical insurance 10 years ago as they are now.
C.The level of cancer diagnosis technology 10 years ago was close to that of the present.
D.There has been no change in the occupational types of cancer patients in the past 10 years.
d
At the end of the Second World War, women of childbearing age in a country reached the lowest point.Ten years after the end of World War II, in the mid-1950s, the average family had 4.5 children.The number of women of childbearing age in the country reached an all-time high ten years ago, and the average family currently has only 1.82 children.
What conclusions can be drawn from the above?
A.War is related to fertility.
B.War has nothing to do with fertility.
C.The number of women of childbearing age has nothing to do with fertility rate.
d.The fertility rate is not directly proportional to the number of women of childbearing age.
b
In the past 30 years, the number of college students in a country has continued to increase, but it is lower than the growth rate of the total population.
Which of the following contradicts the above information?
A.Over the past 30 years, the proportion of middle school students in the country has increased.
B.In the past 30 years, the proportion of university students in the total population of the country has not changed.
C.In the past 30 years, the proportion of university teachers in the total population of the country has increased rapidly.
D.Over the past 30 years, the number of university students in the country has dropped from 23% to 21%.
d
Football Association officials? "Like the majority of fans, we are eager to punish those black whistle that accept bribes.But cracking down on black whistle must rely on facts and not guessing, otherwise there will be cases of wrongs and false wrongs.In this case, guessing whether some referees are black whistle or not should be based on certain phenomena."
Which of the following, if true, will effectively weaken the argument of the Football Association officials?
A.A referee who is guessed as a black whistle usually shows some kind of injustice on the football field.
B.A referee who is guessed as a black whistle may be a black whistle.
C.A referee who is guessed as a black whistle is not necessarily a black whistle.
D.The general detection process of bribery cases is? first guess based on the phenomenon, and then find evidence based on the guess.
c
It is impossible for all witnesses to tell the truth.
If the above proposition is true, then which of the following propositions must be true?
A.All witnesses must not tell the truth.
B.Some witnesses tell the truth.
C.Some witnesses do not tell the truth.
D.Witnesses in criminal cases all tell the truth.
d
The beautiful feathers of male peacocks mainly attract female peacocks, but no one knows that beautiful feathers with devotion can have a competitive advantage in courtship.One explanation is that the female peacock prefers to be a male peacock with beautiful feathers.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the error in the inference above?
A.The typical characteristics belonging to humans are attributed to animals.
B.Generalize the conclusion that a certain kind of thing is true to all kinds of things.
C.This interpretation uses a premise that can in principle prove neither true nor false.
D.Take the phenomenon that needs to be explained as an explanation of that phenomenon.
d
He is either a worker or a cadre."
The above judgment is the following situation?
A.It doesn't matter if it's true or false.
B.Really.
C.Fake.
D.Either it is true or it is false.
d
It is impossible for all Hong Kong people to speak Mandarin.
Which of the following judgments has the closest meaning to the above judgments?
A.Maybe all Hong Kong people speak Mandarin.
B.Maybe all Hong Kong people do not speak Mandarin.
C.Inevitably all Hong Kong people do not speak Mandarin.
D.Some Hong Kong people must not speak Mandarin.
d
Plant the same amount of cucumber seedlings in the two experimental greenhouses, apply magnesium salt in the first greenhouse but not add in the second.The first produced 10 kg of cucumber and the second produced 5 kg.Since nothing but water was applied to the greenhouse, the higher yield of the first greenhouse must be due to magnesium salts.
Which of the following, if true, weakens the argument most severely?
A.There is a small amount of magnesium in the soil of the two experimental greenhouses.
B.In the third experimental greenhouse, a high nitrogen fertilizer was applied but no magnesium salt was added, and 7 kg of cucumber was produced.
C.Four different cucumber varieties were planted in both experimental greenhouses.
D.The soil quality and sunshine in the two experimental greenhouses are different.
d
Some members of a gymnastics team are from Guangxi.
The objects of the above judgment are?
A.A gymnastic team.
B.Some members of a gymnastics team.
C.Gymnastics team.
D.All members of a gymnastics team.
d
There was a student who did not participate in a party event in Class Three.One of He Jie, Pony, Dandan, and Xiaozhen did not participate, and the other three participated.When the teacher asked, they made the following answers.He Jie? The pony did not come.Pony? Not only did I participate, but I also performed the show.Dan Dan? I came for a while, but I didn't leave until the end of the party.Xiao Zhen? If Dan Dan is here, it's that I didn't come.
If only one of them lied, which of the following is true?
A.He Jie did not participate.
B.Pony did not participate.
C.Dan Dan did not participate.
D.Xiaozhen did not participate.
b
In 1995, married young couples between the ages of 25 and 30, the proportion of people living with their parents or parents-in-law accounted for 15% of the population in this age group, and in 2002, this proportion rose to 46% .Therefore, in 2002, married young couples in this age group were more difficult to assume independent living.
The conclusion above is based on which of the following assumptions?
A.Young couples who cannot support themselves in this age group are more willing to live with their peers than with their parents.
B.As long as young couples of this age can live independently, they will not choose to live with their parents.
C.Although some young couples in this age group lived with their parents or parents-in-law during the survey, they lived independently until then.
D.From 1995 to 2002, the number of houses suitable for young couples to buy and rent is decreasing year by year.
d
Some elk pelvic bones have many of the same characteristics as all pig pelvic bones.Although not all elk have these characteristics, some zoologists claim that all animals with these characteristics are elk.
If the above statement and zoologist's statement are true, which of the following must also be true?
A.Elk is more similar to pigs than it is to other animals.
B.Some elk and pigs are much different in other ways.
C.All animals, if their pelvic bones have the same characteristics, then their other bone parts will generally have the same or similar characteristics.
D.All pigs are elk.
d
In a language test in Class Three, He Jie's score is better than Pony's, and Xiao Zhen's score is worse than Dan Dan's, so He Jie's score is better than Xiao Zhen's.
The following items are added to the premise of the stem as new premises.Except for one, the reasoning of the stem can be established.Which item does not make reasoning hold?
A.He Jie's results are the same as Dan Dan's.
B.Pony's performance is the same as Dan Dan's.
C.Pony's performance is better than Dan Dan.
D.Dan Dan's performance is better than Pony.
b
Some people are not bad people, so some bad people are not people."
Which of the following reasoning has the same structure as the above reasoning?
A.Some bargains are not good, so some bargains are good.
B.Some bargains are not fakes, so some fakes are not bargains.
C.All commodities are valuable, therefore, all valuable are commodities.
D.Some inventors are self-taught, so some self-taught are inventors.
b
The students of this university have taken many courses, and Pony is a student of this university, so she has taken many courses.
Which of the following arguments shows the reasoning errors most similar to the above argument?
A.The students in this school learn mathematics.Pony is a student in this school, so he also studies mathematics.
B.The editors of this legal journal have written many legal articles, and Lao Li is one of the editors, so he has also written many legal articles.
C.Most students of this university have good academic performance.Xiaozhen is a student of this university, so her academic performance is very good.
D.All old cars need to change parts frequently, this car is new, so there is no need to change parts frequently.
d
Private companies attract high-caliber professionals by providing high salaries.The result of this measure is that the income of most professionals employed in private enterprises is 60% higher than that of professionals at the same level but working in state-owned enterprises and institutions.Therefore, unless the professionals hired by the state-owned enterprises and institutions are driven more by the sense of responsibility to the public and public welfare than the personal interests, the state-owned enterprises and institutions may cause a considerable portion of their professional talents to be lost to private enterprises because These professionals have not found jobs in private enterprises.
Which of the following assumptions is the above reasoning based on?
A.The achievements of professionals in state-owned enterprises and institutions are not as high as the achievements of professionals working in private enterprises.
B.Now, no professionals working in state-owned enterprises and institutions make more money than professionals employed in private enterprises.
C.The number of professionals with special skills employed by state-owned enterprises and institutions is not as large as that employed by any large company in a private enterprise.
D.State-owned enterprises and institutions do not provide superior working conditions for the professionals they work for, or do not pay more than the additional benefits that these professionals receive due to lower wages.
a
All polar ice is formed by snowfall.The extremely cold air cannot hold a lot of moisture, so it cannot produce a lot of snow.In recent years, the air in the polar regions has been exceptionally cold.
The above information most strongly supports which of the following conclusions?
A.If there is any increase and expansion of the current polar ice, its speed is also extremely slow.
B.If the temperature in the polar regions keeps warming, a lot of polar ice will melt.
C.In recent years, snowfall in the polar regions has actually been continuous.
D.Thicker polar ice and colder air are contradictory.
d
If this reform measure is not welcomed by cadres, we should revise it.If it is not welcomed by the workers, we should adopt a new reform measure.And this measure must be either not welcomed by the cadres or the workers.
If the above statement is true, which of the following must also be correct?
A.We should modify this reform measure if and only if it does not reduce the prestige of the measure among the workers.
B.We should strive to promote this reform measure among cadres or workers.
C.If revising this reform measure will not affect its popularity among cadres, we should revise it immediately.
D.If this reform measure is welcomed by cadres, we should adopt a new reform measure.
c
The birthday dinner hosted by Mr.Wang was absent from the guests.Mr.Wang said? "There are at most two of the four people, Xiao Li, Lao Zhao, Xiao Pan and Lao Ma." Is wrong, I think what you said is different from the actual situation."
If Mrs.Wang was wrong, which of the following is not true?
A.At least two of Xiao Li, Lao Zhao, Xiao Pan and Lao Ma came.
B.Xiao Li, Lao Zhao, Xiao Pan and La Ma did not come.
C.Xiao Li, Lao Zhao, Xiao Pan and Lao Ma are all here.
D.Except for Xiao Li, Lao Zhao, Xiao Pan and Lao Ma, everyone else came.
a
In the future, the outer skin of deep-sea cables will be made of glass instead of special steel or aluminum alloy.The reason is that the metal has a granular microstructure, and under deep sea pressure, the metal sheath at the junction of the particles is easily broken.This is not the case with glass skins, because glass looks solid, and because it can flow under pressure, it can be considered a liquid.
Which of the following is most likely to be derived from the above discussion?
A.The liquid has no granular microstructure.
B.All things called solids are nothing but extremely slow moving liquids.
C.Only broken glass is microscopically granular.
D.As a building material, glass is superior to steel and aluminum.
b
Both Sing Tao Daily and Sing Tao Evening News have a special proofreading team responsible for preventing typos from appearing in daily newspapers.However, 2% of the articles published in the "Sing Tao Daily" have errors, while the "Sing Tao Evening News" did not show such errors.Therefore, the proofreading team of Sing Tao Evening News is more efficient than the proofreading team of Sing Tao Daily in finding typos.
Which of the following assumptions is the premise of the above discussion?
A.Most of the articles published in "Sing Tao Daily" have more or less typos.
B.Articles published in "Sing Tao Evening News" had at least typos before proofreading.
C.On the whole, the members of the proofreading team of "Sing Tao Evening News" are of higher quality than the members of the proofreading team of "Sing Tao Daily".
D.The number of typos in a newspaper is an important criterion for measuring whether the newspaper's editing work is meticulous.
c
A computer installed with signature recognition software-this software is limited to those who sign in the document to enter the computer-not only by analyzing the shape of the signature but also by analyzing features such as the pressure of the pen tip and the speed of the signature Identify someone's signature.Even the smartest counterfeiters cannot copy all the features that the program can analyze.
Which of the following conclusions can be logically derived from the above statement?
A.Most banks already use computers equipped with this software.
B.This kind of signature recognition software is of great value and only used by a small number of important departments.
C.No one can enter the computer where this software is installed just by forging signatures.
D.There are still many defects in this signature recognition software.
d
In the football training class, Xiao Dai came late, and the coach asked him? "Why are you late again?"
Which of the following is the default for coaches to ask questions?
A.Xiao Dai doesn't like football training classes.
B.Xiao Dai is intentionally late.
C.No other students are late for this football training class.
D.Xiao Dai was late for football training classes in the past.
d
The judicial system needs to be maintained by the police.If the police do not perform their duties, there can be no good judicial system.Therefore, if the police do their duty, there will be a good judicial system.
Which of the following conclusions can be logically derived from the above statement?
A.Many police officers under a bad judicial system are not doing their duty.
B.The police's due diligence has nothing to do with the judicial system.
C.Without a good judicial system, national staff other than the police will not perform their duties.
D.The due diligence of the police is sufficient to ensure a good judicial system.
b
A telescopic adaptive control system can perform corresponding different control functions according to the type, quantity and sequence of the components constituting the system.This control system can only be composed of several of the five components a, b, c, d, e in order from left to right, and the components combined into a control system must comply with the following rules? (1) two Only two or more components can form a control system, and the components that make up the system can be the same or different; (2) component a cannot appear on the far left of the control system; (3) if component b exists in the system, then it appears More than once; (4) In the control system, c can neither be the last component nor the penultimate component; (5) As long as component a appears, component b must appear; (6) e if it is the last component , Then component b must appear.
Which of the following components can be placed after e in be to form a three-component control system?
A.a
B.b
C.c
D.d
c
A telescopic adaptive control system can perform corresponding different control functions according to the type, quantity and sequence of the components constituting the system.This control system can only be composed of several of the five components a, b, c, d, e in order from left to right, and the components combined into a control system must comply with the following rules? (1) two Only two or more components can form a control system, and the components that make up the system can be the same or different; (2) component a cannot appear on the far left of the control system; (3) if component b exists in the system, then its number of occurrences More than once; (4) In the control system, c can neither be the last component nor the penultimate component; (5) As long as component a appears, component b must appear; (6) e if it is the last component , Then component b must appear.
Which of the following is the possible composition of the control system?
A.abbd
B.becb
C.cbbe
D.dcae
b
A telescopic adaptive control system can perform corresponding different control functions according to the type, quantity and sequence of the components constituting the system.This control system can only be composed of several of the five components a, b, c, d, e in order from left to right, and the components combined into a control system must comply with the following rules? (1) two Only two or more components can form a control system, and the components that make up the system can be the same or different; (2) component a cannot appear on the far left of the control system; (3) if component b exists in the system, then its number of occurrences More than once; (4) In the control system, c can neither be the last component nor the penultimate component; (5) As long as component a appears, component b must appear; (6) e if it is the last component , Then component b must appear.
If the control system consists of three identical components, how many functions can be performed?
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
a
A telescopic adaptive control system can perform corresponding different control functions according to the type, quantity and sequence of the components constituting the system.This control system can only be composed of several of the five components a, b, c, d, e in order from left to right, and the components combined into a control system must comply with the following rules? (1) two Only two or more components can form a control system, and the components that make up the system can be the same or different; (2) component a cannot appear on the far left of the control system; (3) if component b exists in the system, then it appears More than once; (4) In the control system, c can neither be the last component nor the penultimate component; (5) As long as component a appears, component b must appear; (6) e if it is the last component , Then component b must appear.
The control system ccbbead can be changed into a control system that can perform other functions through the following changes, except?
A.Replace each b with d.
B.Replace the first c with e
C.Replace d with e.
D.Move e to the left of d.
d
A randomly selected customer sample group answered questions in a market survey.Six months later, another randomly selected sample of customers answered the same question, but the order of the questions was adjusted.The two groups of samples have very different ways of answering many single questions, which indicates that sometimes the different questions in the front will lead to different answers to the latter questions.
Which of the following assumptions does the above argument rely on?
A.The rearrangement of questions did not change the order of each question six months ago.
B.Customers who answer market survey questions usually cannot remember their original answers after six months.
C.The purpose of the second survey is to make the market survey more accurate.
D.Customers will not make different answers to these questions at different times of the year.
d
An accident occurred in a coal mine.The people on the scene have the following conclusions? Miner 1? The cause of the accident is equipment problems.Miner 2? It was indeed someone who violated the operating specifications, but the cause of the accident was not equipment problems.Miner 3? If the cause of the accident is a problem with the equipment, someone has violated the operating specifications.Miner 4? The cause of the accident was equipment problems, but no one violated the operation specifications.
If only one of the above determinations is true, which of the following may be true?
A.The judgment of Miner 1 is true.
B.The judgment of Miner 2 is true.
C.Miner 3's judgment is true, and someone violated the operating specifications.
D.The judgment of Miner 3 is true, and no one violates the operation specifications.
c
All people in contact with SARS patients were isolated.All the quarantined people had contact with Xiao Li.
If the above proposition is true, which of the following proposition is also true?
A.Xiao Li is a patient with SARS.
B.Xiao Li is not a SARS patient.
C.Some people may not have contact with SARS patients, but have contacted Xiao Li.
D.All SARS patients have been in contact with Xiao Li.
b
With the passing of the new tax reform decree, low-income taxpayers will reduce their fiscal and tax burden by an average of 100 to 300 yuan per year.Therefore, tax reform is beneficial to low-income taxpayers.
Which of the following is true and shakes the above conclusion most seriously?
A.Tax reform by simplifying tax codes will save many people the cost of calculating their taxes.
B.Tax reform by eliminating subsidies for housing increases the average monthly rent of low-income taxpayers by 80 yuan.
C.Low-income taxpayers support the new tax reform decree.
D.Under the new tax, a small number of high-income taxpayers will also reduce the tax burden.
c
The coach of the basketball team stipulates that if the first player is on the field and the third player is not on the field, then at least one of the fifth and seventh players must play.
If the coaching rules are implemented, the sufficient conditions for the No.1 player not to play are?
A.Player No.3 is on the field, Player No.5 and No.7 are not on the field.
B.Player No.3 didn't play, players No.5 and No.7 played.
C.No.3, No.5 and No.7 players did not play.
D.Players No.3, No.5 and No.7 are on the court.
d
Startup companies financed by venture capitalists have a lower failure rate than companies financed through other channels.Therefore, compared with factors such as the entrepreneur's personal quality, strategic planning quality or company management structure, financing channels are a more important reason for the success of startups.
Which of the following, if true, weakens the above conclusion most seriously?
A.Venture capitalists are more sensitive to changes in the financial needs of startups than other financing channels.
B.In terms of the long-term success of the company, the strategic planning of the startup is a relatively unimportant factor compared to the personal quality of the entrepreneur.
C.Over half of all new companies went bankrupt within 5 years.
D.Venture capitalists use the following factors when deciding to fund startups, such as the quality of entrepreneurs and the quality of the company ’s strategic planning.
d
Over the past few decades, the proportion of female students enrolled in higher education programs has been on the rise.This can be partially demonstrated by the fact that in 1959, only 11% of women between the ages of 20 and 21 were recruited Entering university, and in 1981, 30% of women between the ages of 20 and 21 were recruited into university.
To evaluate the above argument, which of the following characteristics in 1959 and 1981 is most useful?
A.Proportion of women between the ages of 20 and 21 who are not enrolled in universities.
B.Proportion of women graduating from college between the ages of 20 and 21.
C.Proportion of women entering high-paying positions after receiving college education.
D.Proportion of men graduating from high school.
b
In the past 10 years, technological advances and equipment cost reductions have made it more efficient to directly convert solar energy into electricity.However, the threshold of solar economic viability (that is, the price of a barrel of oil that must be raised in order to make new solar generators more economical than new fuel generators) remains unchanged at $ 35.
Which of the following, if true, is most helpful in explaining why solar energy costs are more effective and fail to lower the threshold of economic viability?
A.The cost of oil has dropped significantly.
B.Although the cost of solar equipment has fallen, the raw material cost of the equipment has increased.
C.Technical changes have improved the efficiency of fuel engines.
D.Most electricity is produced by coal-fired engines or nuclear power generators, not fuel oil generators.
d
Ms.Du? Newspapers and magazines rely on advertising revenue to reduce the unit price of each newspaper and magazine.That is to say, if there is no advertisement, the unit price of newspapers and magazines is much higher.Therefore, readers who buy newspapers and magazines get financial benefits from advertising in publications.Mr.Yang? Your statement cannot be established.Who will pay for the advertisements that appear to have lowered the price of newspapers and magazines? Isn't it a consumer in the end, including consumers who buy newspapers and magazines? Because the manufacturers spread the advertising costs to consumers by raising the prices of their products.
Which of the following, if true, can effectively weaken Mr.Yang ’s rebuttal to Ms.Du?
A.Due to the increase in prices, the prices of newspapers and magazines in the whole year have increased significantly compared with last year.
B.Among various forms of advertising, the effect of TV advertising is better than that of publication advertising.
C.In recent years, there have been more and more manufacturers adopting newspapers and magazines for advertising, and the cost of advertising has become higher and higher.
D.Generally speaking, the advertising expenditures of various manufacturers are a constant, and they take various forms such as radio, television, newspapers, magazines, street billboards and postal printed materials.
b
An American tourist visited Crete, Greece, and encountered a young man.The young man said to Americans? "Do n’t believe in Cretans, every word they say is a lie.I know this best because I am a Cretan." This American said to young people? "I I ca n’t believe your words.Since the Cretans do n’t tell the truth, why should I believe you, the Cretans, did n’t lie? "
Which of the following most accurately evaluates the American response?
A.This is untenable, because the young man is not malicious, he just wants to help strangers.
B.This is self-contradictory, because the disbelief of the young man is precisely because he believed his words.
C.This is understandable.The words of a stranger, especially a young man, should not be completely believed.
D.This is very blunt, and can easily give a bad impression to American tourists.
c
Some new employees enter the factory and become official cadres.In the re-election of the plant, all Hunan-based employees supported Li Yang ’s election as plant manager, and all government officials opposed Li Yang ’s election as plant manager.
If the above determination is true, which of the following determinations about the plant must be true?
A.All new employees are from Hunan.
B.Some new employees support Li Yang as factory director.
C.Some new employees are not from Hunan.
D.Not all Hunan employees are new employees.
a
Some new employees enter the factory and become official cadres.In the re-election of the plant, all Hunan-based employees supported Li Yang ’s election as plant manager, and all government officials opposed Li Yang ’s election as plant manager.
If, in the above determination, "some new employees enter the factory as cadres of the organization" is changed to "all new employees enter the factory as cadres of the organization" and assume that these conclusions are true, then which of the following must be fake?
A.Some Hunan employees are new employees.
B.Not all government officials are new employees.
C.Some new employees are not from Hunan.
D.All new employees are against Li Yang ’s election.
d
In general, scientists enter their field with the goal of carrying out important new scientific research and are accepted by colleagues with similar motivations.So, when a scientist gains a reputation as a person who explains science to ordinary listeners, most other scientists think that the celebrity can no longer be regarded as a true colleague.
The explanation provided above about the popularizers not being respected by research scientists assumes that?
A.Serious scientific research is not an individual activity, but depends on the active collaboration of a group of colleagues.
B.Research scientists do not regard famous scientists who are jealous as colleagues.
C.A scientist can become a celebrity without completing any important research.
D.Research scientists believe that those who are known to the general public as scientific celebrities have no incentive to engage in important new research.
d
Oral cancer is dangerous for those who rarely brush their teeth.In order to be able to detect the oral cancer of these people at an early stage, public health officials in some towns distributed a brochure to all residents of the town, which described how to conduct a weekly oral self-examination to discover oral tumors.
Which of the following, if true, best criticizes the use of this booklet as a way to achieve the goals of public health officials?
A.Many dental diseases produce symptoms that cannot be detected during the weekly self-examination.
B.Once oral cancer is discovered, the effectiveness of treatment varies from person to person.
C.This booklet was distributed to all residents of the town, including those who often brush their teeth.
D.People who rarely brush their teeth are unlikely to have their mouths checked weekly.
d
Food can be traded in the futures market before harvest.If the grain output is predicted to be insufficient, the price of grain futures will rise; if the grain harvest is predicted, the price of grain futures will fall.This morning, meteorologists predicted that there will be much-needed rainfall in the grain-producing areas starting tomorrow.Therefore, since sufficient moisture is very important for the survival of the current cereals, today's cereal futures prices will drop significantly.
Which of the following, if true, weakens the above view most seriously?
A.There will be no bumper crops at the critical pollination stage without receiving enough moist grain.
B.The fluctuation of cereal futures prices in this quarter is more severe than in the previous quarter.
C.Meteorologists predict that tomorrow ’s rainfall estimates are likely to extend beyond the grain-producing areas.
D.Agricultural experts announced today that a pathogen that has destroyed some cereal crops will spread more widely before the end of the growing season.
d
Based on the above questions, two additional conditions are added? (1) The Chinese Go team players who draw Hongta Mountain at any time hold a folding fan at the same time; (2) Players who do not have the Chinese Go team in the NEC fast chess game hold a folding fan,
So, which of the following conclusions can be made
A.In the NEC fast chess game, every Chinese Go player smokes Ashima.
In the B.NEC fast chess game, some Chinese Go players played Hongta Shanyan during the game.
In the C.NEC fast chess game, every Chinese Go player does not smoke during the game.
In the D.NEC fast chess game, if the Chinese Go team players smoke, then they must smoke Ashima.
c
It is important for the students to use the computer effectively.Therefore, the school should provide students with computer programming courses.
Which of the following, if true, can weaken the argument above?
A.Only those who use computers effectively are good at programming.
B.Only those who are proficient in programming can use the computer effectively.
C.Some people who use computers effectively do not write computer programs.
D.Some schools teach programming lessons more efficiently than others.
d
A research report pointed out that a special education program for children aged 3 to 5 years who are receiving research has increased their chances of success in future school education.Therefore, implementing a similar education program for all children will increase their chances of success in future school education.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the above view?
A.In the United States, parents of preschool children are attracted by the prevailing trend of education.They do not know what kind of early education their children receive is beneficial.
B.Children's cognitive abilities are constantly changing when they are 3 to 5 years old.
C.Investigators did not realize that they included a large number of children who had received another kind of education and training before.
D.Many parents mistakenly believe that early formal education will occupy the time that children can better explore the world independently.
b
A report on acid rain concluded, "Most forests in Canada have not been damaged by acid rain." Critics of this report insist that this conclusion must be changed to, "Most forests in Canada have not shown obvious damage.Symptoms of acid rain damage, such as abnormal fallen leaves, slower growth or higher mortality."
Which of the following, if true, provides the most logically valid reason for critics to insist on changing the report ’s conclusion?
A.Some forests in Canada are being damaged by acid rain.
B.Acid rain may be causing damage that is not yet apparent.
C.The report does not compare acid rain damage to Canadian forests with acid rain damage to forests in other countries.
D.Over the past 15 years, all forests in Canada have had acid rain.
c
A computer installed with signature recognition software-this software is limited to those who sign in the document to enter the computer-not only by analyzing the shape of the signature, but also by analyzing features such as pen pressure and signature speed The signature of the person.Even the smartest counterfeiters cannot copy all the features analyzed by the program.
Which of the following conclusions can be logically derived from the above?
A.The time it takes to record and analyze a signature makes the daily use of such software unrealistic.
B.Computers that install this software will soon be equipped by most banks.
C.No one can enter the computer where this software is installed just by forging signatures.
D.The signature recognition software has spent many years developing and improving.
c
Department Manager? I want to replace the M-type computer in this department with a V-type computer.General Manager? Why? Department manager? The cost of training new employees to operate V-type computers can be reduced by 20%.General Manager? But that is not a good enough reason.We can simply hire people who already know how to use M-type computers.
Which of the following, if true, will most severely weaken the general manager ’s opposition to replacing V-type computers with M-type computers?
A.At present, all employees of the company are required to participate in learning how to use M-type computers with new functions.
B.Once employees learn how to use computers, they are more likely to change jobs than before.
C.Employees who are skilled in using M-type computers will require higher incomes than expected employees who have no experience in computer use.
D.The average labor productivity of employees in the company where the general manager is located is lower than the average labor productivity of employees of its competitors.
b
An aircraft engine manufacturer has developed a new engine, the safety performance of which is lacking in earlier models of engines, and early models are still in production.In the first year that these two models of engines were sold at the same time, the sales of the earlier models exceeded the sales of the new models; the manufacturer then concluded that safety was not the customer ’s primary consideration.
Which of the following, if true, will most severely weaken the manufacturer ’s conclusion?
A.Both private aircraft owners and commercial airlines purchase engines from this aircraft engine manufacturer.
B.Many customers believe that the earlier models are smaller than the new models in terms of security risks.
C.Many customers of this aircraft engine manufacturer also purchase engines from other aircraft engine manufacturers.Those manufacturers do not provide additional safety features in their new model engines.
D.The new type of engine can be used by all aircraft using the old type engine.
a
Between 1975 and 1985, the occupancy rate of the nursing home was 87% of the capacity, while the acceptance rate remained unchanged, with an average of 95 people per 1,000 beds per year.Between 1985 and 1988, the occupancy rate rose to an average of 92% of the capacity, while the acceptance rate dropped to 81 people per 1,000 beds per year.
If the above statement is correct, which of the following conclusions can be most appropriately drawn?
A.The average time a resident stays in a nursing home increases between 1985 and 1988.
B.The ratio of elderly people living in nursing homes in 1988 is larger than in 1975.
C.While the occupancy rate increases, the acceptance rate of nursing homes tends to decrease.
D.There are fewer beds in the nursing homes built before 1985 than in the nursing homes built between 1985 and 1988.
d
The salary level paid by an enterprise adopting a "profit-related remuneration" (PRP) contract varies with the profit of the enterprise.Last year, the productivity of each worker in the metalworking industry's properly adopting PRP was an average of 13 percentage points higher than those of competitors who still used more traditional contracts.
Based on the above evidence, if there is an opinion that the PRP contract improves the worker's labor productivity, which of the following, if true, will most seriously weaken this opinion?
A.Similar conclusions to the metalworking industry cited above can be found in other industries using PRP contracts.
B.Under the PRP contract, the costs other than labor costs—the proportion of the total cost per unit of production—have risen.
C.Because the introduction of PRP contracts has greatly changed the relationship between individual workers and enterprises, negotiating the introduction of PRP contracts is complicated and time-consuming.
D.Many companies in the metal industry have modernized their production equipment in the past 5 years, and most of these companies have introduced PRP contracts.
d
There is a village in a certain place.There are knights and rogues living in the village.Among them, knights always tell the truth, and rogues always tell lies.One day, a scholar who knew the situation passed by the village and saw two people in the village A.B.He asked A a question? "Are there knights among you?" A replied? "No." The scholar listened to A's words and thought about it, and then correctly deduced who A and B were.
Which of the following is a judgment made by a scholar?
A.A is a knight, B is a rogue.
B.A and B are knights.
C.A and B are rogues.
D.A is a rogue, B is a knight.
d
The share of agriculture in gross national product tends to decline, which is a development characteristic of all countries in the world.For example, in the 20 years from 1965 to 1986, the agricultural output of low-income countries in the same group as China increased by an average of 3.0%, while the agricultural share dropped from 42% to 32%.However, agriculture is the foundation of China's economy, and the growth rate of agriculture must be guaranteed above 4.3%.
Which of the following is most likely to support the above argument?
A.China has always been a country dominated by agriculture.
B.China is a country with a billion people.
C.China has been the most industrialized in the past decade.
D.China's national conditions require agriculture to maintain growth despite the decline in its share.
a
Politicians? There are fewer people entering the labor market than before.If the economy grows, the demand for energetic and educated people will greatly exceed its supply.Some companies have begun to respond to this labor market situation, and they are looking for ways to retain existing employees.They are concerned with clear indicators that the economy is growing.
Which of the following most strongly criticized the politician ’s argument?
A.The fact that the company is carefully preparing for possible future development does not mean that such development has already occurred.
B.The fact that some companies are now working harder to retain their employees does not mean that they did not care about employee morale before.
C.The fact that demand will exceed supply does not mean that there is no supply at all.
D.The fact that the number of new people entering the labor market is declining does not mean that the number of new people entering is lower than in any previous period.
d
Government" does not exist as an independent entity that makes policy.On the contrary, there is a group of democratically elected pragmatists who are very sensitive to the opinions of voters.They formulate policies that can lead to their re-election.So, for example, if public policy and environmental considerations are opposed to each other, it is not because the government is just stunned, but because the elected officials believe that?
Which of the following best complements the above?
A.No matter how perfect the environment is, no policy can meet the requirements of environmentalists.
B.Environmental considerations should be adapted to the funds allowed by the finance.
C.The public is overly concerned about environmental degradation.
D.Most of the voters voted for certain politicians because of their unique customary positions in political events.
c
After observing the earth's climate type and sunspots with a period of 11 years for 36 years, scientists discovered that before the type of wind affecting the earth's climate changes, sunspots are very frequent.It was concluded that meteorologists can use this information to improve weather forecasting.
Which of the following, if true, weakens the above conclusion most seriously?
A.The weather forecast is now much more detailed than it was 36 years ago.
B.Scientists can determine that sunspot activity directly affects the earth's climate.
C.Meteorologists used to use evidence other than sunspot activity to predict climate conditions that can now be predicted based on sunspot activity.
D.Scientists have not yet determined why sunspot activity will follow an 11-year cycle.
d
Left-handed people suffer from immune disorders, such as allergies, more often than right-handed people.However, left-handers often have an advantage over right-handers in accomplishing tasks controlled by the right hemisphere of the brain, and most people ’s mathematical reasoning ability is strongly affected by the right hemisphere of the brain.
If the above information is true, which one of the following assumptions can it best support?
A.Most people with allergies or other immune disorders are left-handed rather than right-handed.
B.Most left-handed mathematicians have some kind of allergy.
C.The proportion of left-handed people who have stronger mathematical reasoning ability than the average is higher than the proportion of left-handed people who have weaker mathematical reasoning ability than the average.
D.The proportion of people with immune dysfunction such as allergies is higher than that of left-handed people or people with unusually good mathematical reasoning skills.
d
Any announcement authorized by the department head is important.However, notices are sometimes issued by others without authorization from department leaders, so some notices will necessarily prove to be unimportant.
The flaw of the above argument lies in
A.It does not specify exactly which documents will be classified as announcements.
B.Ignore the possibility that people other than department leaders have the power to authorize the announcement.
C.Ignore the possibility that the department head has never authorized any notice.
D.Unfounded assumptions are made? just because a given condition is sufficient to ensure the importance of an announcement, then meeting this condition is necessary for the importance of the announcement.
d
The senator has long held a view on all newspapers? no real artwork is obscene, so between the need to encourage free artistic expression and the need to protect the public from pornographic works There is no conflict.When people cite masterpieces that are generally regarded as obscene as possible counterexamples, the senator believes that if these works are indeed obscene, then they cannot be works of art.In this way, the above principle is correct.
Which of the following errors does the senator ’s reasoning contain?
A.He tried to persuade with emotion rather than reason.
B.It implies an implicit contradiction.
C.It relies on the assertion of the authority of a senator.
D.It assumes that it is to be verified.
d
In the workplace, influenza is usually passed from an infected individual to others who work near him, so a new type of medicine that suppresses flu symptoms actually increases the number of people infected with influenza because this medicine makes The person resting in bed at home returns to the workplace when infected.
Which of the following, if true, will most seriously question this prediction?
A.Coughing-The flu symptoms suppressed by this new drug are the main channels of flu infection.
B.Some medicines used to suppress cold symptoms are also used to treat symptoms caused by other diseases.
C.Many workers infected with flu have to stay at home because flu symptoms prevent them from working effectively.
D.Many people who have been vaccinated against influenza are retired workers over the age of 65, so they will not go out to work.
d
A municipal government plans to carry out a comprehensive renovation of the old and dilapidated houses in the city, with the support of policies and funds, with a view to constructing ordinary houses to a greater extent, so as to alleviate the tense situation of residents ’housing in this city.The municipal government also plans to raise the market price of ordinary houses appropriately to cover the cost of the above housing reform.The reason for this is that the residents of this city are the direct beneficiaries of the above-mentioned transformation and should bear part of the expenses.
Which of the following judgments can best question the rationality of the above plan?
A.The municipal government has no right to control the entire sales revenue of newly-built ordinary houses.
B.Foreign residents may also be the beneficiaries of the above transformation.
C.Ordinary houses also have different grades, and it is difficult to unify the price increase.
D.Because it is difficult to bear the market price of ordinary houses, some residents of this city with low income will choose to buy houses in the suburbs without transformation.
d
A municipal government plans to carry out a comprehensive renovation of the old and dilapidated houses in the city, with the support of policies and funds, with a view to constructing ordinary houses to a greater extent, so as to alleviate the tense situation of residents ’housing in this city.The municipal government also plans to raise the market price of ordinary houses appropriately to cover the cost of the above housing reform.The reason for this is that the residents of this city are the direct beneficiaries of the above-mentioned transformation and should bear part of the expenses.
Which of the following determinations is most helpful in explaining the rationality of the above plan?
A.The above plan was approved by the public hearing.
B.Among the neighboring large and medium-sized cities, the residents of this city have the most severe dilapidated housing.
C.The price increase of ordinary houses has been strictly demonstrated by experts.
D.The vast majority of residents of the city's original dilapidated houses have purchased ordinary houses after renovation.
b
The International Track and Field Invitational Tournament was held in Tokyo, Japan.At least one of Fang Ming, Ma Liang and Dennis participated in the men's 100M competition.And? (1) If Fang Ming participated in the men's 100M, then Ma Liang must also participate.(2) Those who sign up for the men's 100M must have a urine test in advance and can only formally enter the competition after being reviewed and approved by experts in the invitational competition.(3) Dennis came to register after the pre-match urine test.
Based on the above, which of the following must be true?
A.Fang Ming participated in the men's 100M competition.
B.Ma Liang participated in the men's 100M competition.
C.Dennis participated in the men's 100M competition.
D.Fang Ming and Ma Liang both participated in the men's 100M competition.
a
A recent survey in a key middle school showed that high school students in this school have a special preference for playing football, and it far surpasses other balls.The survey also found that students who regularly play football have better academic performance than students who do not often play football.This shows that often playing football can improve students' academic performance.
Which of the following can weaken the above conclusion most?
A.The school has formulated a rule with the consent of the students ’parents? Only high school students who are ranked in the top 30% of academic grades can often play football.
B.Regular football can exercise and maintain a strong learning energy.
C.Often playing football delays the study time.
D.Scientific research has not proved that playing football regularly can contribute to intellectual development.
d
Only when Professor Tian and Professor Li both give lectures, Professor Yan will give lectures.Professor Yan did not give a lecture, so Professor Tian must not give a lecture, and Professor Li did not give a lecture.
Which of the following is most similar to the logical structure of the question stem?
A.Only when you study well and maintain a good relationship with your classmates can you be awarded a scholarship.Xiao Zhang's study is good, and his relationship with his classmates is good, so he will definitely be able to be awarded a scholarship.
B.A scholarship can only be awarded if you study well and maintain a good relationship with your classmates.Xiao Zhang didn't evaluate the scholarship, so he must be a poor student.
C.As long as you study well and maintain a good relationship with your classmates, you can be awarded a scholarship.Xiao Zhang didn't evaluate the scholarship, so he must have a bad study and had a bad relationship with his classmates.
D.A scholarship can only be awarded if he studies well and maintains a good relationship with his classmates.Xiao Zhang didn't evaluate the scholarship, so he must be a poor student and have a tense relationship with his classmates.
c
There are medical cases that prove that breeding pigeons or frequent close contact is prone to cryptococcal pneumonia.Cryptococcus may exist in pigeon droppings or spread through the air.In addition, frequent contact with cryptococcal carriers may also cause illness due to infection.There are also healthy carriers of cryptococcus.Xiao Zhang suffered from acute pneumonia and was diagnosed as cryptococcal pneumonia by a doctor.
If the above is true, which of the following must also be true?
A.Xiao Zhang's neighbors raise a dozen pigeons and produce a lot of pigeon droppings every day.Xiao Zhang must be infected with Cryptococcus in pigeon droppings.
B.Xiao Zhang has never been in contact with sick people, so if his disease is not infected by cryptococcus in pigeon droppings, it must be infected by airborne infection.
C.Xiao Zhang is autistic and never contacts outsiders.His family has no cryptococcal patients and cryptococcal carriers, so his illness is caused by pigeon droppings or airborne infection.
D.In addition to the three conditions described in the title, there may be other reasons that may cause cryptococcal pneumonia.
b
Some college teachers have a doctorate, so some people who have obtained a doctorate have a high level of teaching plans and scientific research.
In order to guarantee the above argument, which of the following must be true?
A.All people with high teaching plans and scientific research level are college teachers.
B.The teaching plan and scientific research level of all college teachers are very high.
C.Some college teachers have a high level of teaching plans and scientific research.
D.Some college teachers with high teaching plans and scientific research level have not obtained a doctorate.
d
In this 110M column competition, Johnson may win.
Which of the following propositions is closest to the meaning of the above propositions?
A.Johnson can't lose in this 110M hurdle.
B.Johnson is bound to win the 110M hurdles.
C.Johnson is bound to lose in this 110M hurdle.
D.Johnson did not necessarily fail in this 110M hurdle match.
d
In order to improve the business capabilities of management personnel and realize the modernization and scientificization of management, a company decided to hold knowledge training on project management, requiring middle-level cadres to actively participate.Director Zhang of the Marketing Department asked Director Zhao of the Human Resources Department to sign up together.Director Zhao said? "I don't engage in engineering management.Why do I have to attend training? My work performance and management ability are obvious to everyone."
Which of the following is the premise of Director Zhao's remarks above?
A.It is useless for people to learn engineering management knowledge.
B.The popularization of engineering management knowledge is quite a distant matter.
C.The learning of engineering management knowledge should be conducted among students.
D.Only those engaged in engineering management should learn and master engineering management knowledge.
b
Several classmates in a class discuss their whereabouts during the summer vacation this year.A said? "If Zhao Ming did not go to Tibet, he would definitely go to Shanghai." B said? "Qian Ling went to Nanjing." C said? "If Lin Qun did not go to Xining, then Zhang Hong would go to Hangzhou." Ding said? "Zhao Ming did not go to Tibet, nor to Shanghai." E said? "Qian Ling went to Guangzhou." He said? "Zhang Hong did not go to Hangzhou." Afterwards, it was understood that two people said this time in fact Does not match.
Based on the above, which of the following must be correct?
A.Zhao Ming did not go to Tibet, but went to Shanghai.
B.Lin Qun went to Xining, and Zhao Ming might have gone to Tibet.
C.Qian Ling went to Guangzhou, but did not go to Nanjing.
D.Zhao Ming did not go to Shanghai, Lin Qun went to Xining.
a
If Xiao Wang was admitted as a doctor and Xiao Liu was not admitted as a doctor, then Wen Li must not be admitted as a doctor.
If the above proposition is true, plus any premises, it can be introduced? Xiao Liu was admitted to the doctor.
A.Xiao Wang and Wen Li were admitted to the doctorate together.
B.Neither Xiao Wang nor Xiao Liu was admitted to the doctorate.
C.Xiao Wang was admitted to the doctorate while Xiao Liu was not admitted to the doctorate.
D.Xiao Wang did not get a Ph.D.and Xiao Liu got a Ph.D.
b
An out-of-town tourist asked the person in charge of the local meteorological department? "A lot of people said that it will be a typhoon in recent days.Is it true?" "The tourist said?" Is it sure that there will be no typhoon recently? "The person in charge said that the tourist was wrong.
Which of the following sentences is closest to the meaning of the person in charge of the meteorological department?
A.There must be no typhoon recently.
B.There may be no typhoon recently.
C.Typhoon may be blowing recently.
D.It is impossible to blow a typhoon recently.
c
Ba Jin is Li Yaotang.Almost everyone knows that Ba Jin is a writer, but strangely few people know that Li Yaotang is a writer.
Which of the following statements can best resolve the inconsistencies above?
A.Perhaps most people have never read Li Yaotang's works.
B.If anyone knows that Li Yaotang is a writer, then he will also know that Ba Jin is a writer.
C.Most people do not know that Ba Jin is Li Yaotang.
D.Some people know that Ba Jin is the pseudonym of Li Yaotang.
d
The bones of early humans clearly show that they have fewer dental problems than modern humans.Therefore, the diet of early humans is likely to be very different from today.
Which of the following statements best reinforces the above argument?
A.Those debris indicate that some early human teeth had many tooth decay.
B.Early human diets are at least as diverse as our diets.
C.The average life span of early humans is relatively short, and dental problems mainly occur in older people.
D.Diet is the most important factor affecting dental health.
a
According to the continent drift hypothesis, many separated lands are now part of a huge piece of land in prehistoric times.Due to crustal movement, the land began to split.From this theory, we can guess that the east coast of South America was originally connected to the west coast of Africa.
Which of the following findings best supports the above conjecture?
A.On the east coast of South America and the west coast of Africa, there is a large ancient rock belt of the same type.
B.Many people living in Brazil today are very similar to those living in western Africa.
C.The climate in South America and western Africa are very similar.
D.The language used by ancient tribes living in South America is very similar to the language used by some tribes in western Africa.
d
We can manufacture bicycles that are stronger than current bicycles.We can also manufacture bicycles that are lighter than current bicycles.Therefore, we can manufacture bicycles that have both of the above advantages.
The reasoning flaw in the above argument is most similar to the following flaw in reasoning?
A.There are no cars with high energy efficiency and no cars that do not cause pollution.Therefore, there is no car with high energy efficiency and no pollution.
B.It is possible to write a best-selling novel, and it is possible to write a novel that can be well received.Therefore, it is possible for an author to write a novel that is both popular and well received.
C.Xiao Wang said it was cold outside, and Xiao Zhang said it was snowing outside.Therefore, it was not only cold outside, but also snowing.
D.There are machines for making dumplings and machines for pressing juice, so one day, machines with both functions can be made.
b
Only college students with high overall quality can be admitted to the civil service.
If this conclusion holds, which of the following must be true?
A.Xiao Wang is a college student with high overall quality, so he was admitted to the civil service.
B.Xiao Wang was admitted to the civil service, so his overall quality must not be low.
C.More and more college students are preparing to take the civil service exam.
D.The overall quality is not related to being admitted to the civil service.
b
The study found that after a few hours of birth, the baby's face can be distinguished from other images.Because babies spend more time staring at paintings of human faces than they look at expressionless oval paintings.
Which of the following statements is most helpful in explaining the baby ’s ability described above?
A.A certain ability to recognize a human face is born, not acquired.
B.The longer the baby stares at an object, the more interested he is in that object.
C.The painting of a human face is different from the oval painting.
D.Babies rarely stare at an object for a long time.
d
A gas explosion occurred in a coal mine.The personnel of the coal mine have the following judgments? Supervisor on duty? The cause of the accident is operational problems.Miner 1? Someone did violate the safety regulations, but the cause of the accident was not operational problems.Miner 2? If the cause of the accident is an operational problem, someone has violated the safety regulations.Safety Officer? The cause of the accident was operational problems, but no one violated the safety regulations.
If only one of the above determinations is true, which of the following may be true?
A.The duty manager's judgment is true.
B.The security officer's judgment is true.
C.The judgment of Miner 1 is true.
D.The judgment of Miner 2 is true, and no one violates the safety regulations.
d
There will be three sprinting projects in an institution's track and field sports, namely 60M, 100M and 200M.Lao Zhang, Lao Wang and Lao Li each participated in one of them, and the three people participated in different projects.Xiao Zhang, Xiao Wang and Xiao Li made the following guesses? Xiao Zhang? Lao Zhang participated in 60M, Lao Wang participated in 100M.Xiao Wang? Lao Li did not participate in 100M, Lao Wang participated in 60M.Xiao Li? Lao Zhang did not participate in 60M, Lao Wang participated in 200M.
If their guesses are half right, which of the following is true?
A.Lao Zhang, Lao Wang and Lao Li participated in 60M, 100M and 200M respectively.
B.Lao Zhang, Lao Wang and Lao Li participated in 60M, 200M and 100M respectively.
C.Lao Zhang, Lao Wang and Lao Li participated in 100M, 60M and 200M respectively.
D.Lao Zhang, Lao Wang and Lao Li participated in 200M, 100M and 60M respectively.
c
Xiao Wang said? "Lao Li will not beat his wife now".
Which of the following is the prerequisite for Xiao Wang to speak?
A.Xiao Wang knows that Lao Li will not beat his wife now.
B.Lao Li will not beat his wife now.
C.Lao Li had beaten his wife in the past.
D.Apart from Lao Li, no one else in the organization beat his wife.
d
Only one of Xiao Zhang, Xiao Wang, Xiao Li and Xiao Thursday of the staff of the agency was late.When the director asked who was late, they gave the following answers.Xiao Zhang? It is Xiao Li who is late.Xiao Wang? Although I came later than usual, I was not late.Xiao Li? Not only did I not be late, I also came early.Xiao Zhou? If Xiao Wang is not late, it is that I am late.
If only one of them lied, which of the following is true?
A.Xiao Zhang is late.
B.Xiao Li is late.
C.Xiao Wang is late.
D.Xiao Zhou is late.
c
There is a piece of advertising text in a newspaper that is very exciting, but there are many falsehoods in the content of the advertisement.Therefore, consumers will not believe this advertisement.
Which of the following can weaken the above conclusion most?
A.Consumers will not necessarily find that there is something false.
B.Consumers may not find that there are false ones.
C.It is impossible for consumers to discover that there are falsehoods.
D.Consumers will find that there is something false.
a
On an island, there are three types of seabirds? puffin, eel and arctic tern.Among them, eels are the main food for arctic terns and puffins.In the ten years from 1980 to 1990, the number of eels dropped from 1 million to 500,000.Strangely, the number of puffins has dropped from 1 million to only 600,000 in this decade, while the number of Arctic terns has dropped from 1 million to about 250,000.
Which of the following best explains the difference in the decline in the numbers of puffin and arctic tern between 1980 and 1990?
A.Puffins have reduced their consumption of eels, and instead of stonefish or other fish, Arctic terns have not done so.
B.On other nearby islands with similar conditions, the numbers of these two seabirds are stable.
C.The decrease in eels is due to changes in their living environment and not due to excessive fishing by humans.
D.Puffins and Arctic Terns 'young birds' food is young eels.
a
Lao Wang said? "Recently, there are more graduates of a certain major in the university working in other professional positions.This shows that the professional position is not popular."
Which of the following can weaken the view of Pharaoh most?
A.There are not enough positions in this professional field.
B.There are fewer graduates of this major now than in the past.
C.In the past 10 years, the number of jobs in this field has increased a lot.
D.Many graduates of this professional degree have worked in this professional field when they were studying.