The Windows Restore Point formats were used by the System Restore subsystem prior to Windows Vista. This specification is based on available documentation and was enhanced by analyzing test data.
This document is intended as a working document for the Windows Restore Point format specifications.
Author(s): |
Joachim Metz <joachim.metz@gmail.com> |
Abstract: |
This document contains information about the Windows Restore Point formats |
Classification: |
Public |
Keywords: |
Restore Point, change.log, fifo.log, rp.log |
Copyright (C) 2015-2018, Joachim Metz <joachim.metz@gmail.com>. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
Version | Author | Date | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
0.0.1 |
J.B. Metz |
April 2015 |
Initial version. |
0.0.2 |
J.B. Metz |
April 2015 |
Additional findings for the change.log format. |
0.0.3 |
J.B. Metz |
May 2015 |
Additional findings for the change.log format. |
0.0.4 |
J.B. Metz |
May 2018 |
Textual changes. |
The Windows Restore Points formats were used by the System Restore subsystem in Windows XP, and presumably Windows ME.
On Windows XP a Restore Points can be found in:
C:\System Volume Information\_restore{%GUID%}\
Where %GUID% is the machine GUID, for which the Restore Point was created.
This directory contains:
-
drivetable.txt
; UTF-16 little-endian text file without byte-order-mark -
fifo.log
; Restore Point deletion information -
RP[1-9][0-9]*
(e.g.RP1
); a Restore Point sub directory
Each Restore Point sub directory contains:
-
change.log
orchange.log.[1-9]
; -
drivetable.txt
; UTF-16 little-endian text file without byte-order-mark -
RestorePointSize
; -
rp.log
; Restore Point information log file -
snapshot
; the Restore Point Snapshot sub directory
The Restore Point snapshot sub directory contains:
-
ComDb.Dat
; a copy of the COM+ database -
domain.txt
; UTF-16 little-endian text file without byte-order-mark -
a copy of the IIS database
-
REGISTRY[0-9A-Z_]*
; a copy of the Windows Registry hive files -
Repository
; sub directory that contains a copy of the WMI repository (also referred to as the Common Information Model (CIM) repository)
Characteristics | Description |
---|---|
Byte order |
little-endian |
Date and time values |
FILETIME in UTC |
Character strings |
UTF-16 little-endian formatted string with end-of-string character |
Files created by the following version of programs were used to test the information within this document:
-
TODO: Windows ME
-
Windows XP
A change.log file consists of:
-
change log header
-
change log entries
The change log header (CHANGE_LOG_HEADER) is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeLogHeader |
|||
0 |
4 |
Record size |
|
4 |
4 |
0 |
Record type |
8 |
4 |
0xabcdef12 |
Signature |
12 |
4 |
2 |
Format version |
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeVolumePath |
|||
16 |
4 |
Record size |
|
20 |
4 |
2 |
Record type |
16 |
… |
Volume path |
|
… |
4 |
Copy of record size |
Value | Identifier | Description |
---|---|---|
0 |
RecordTypeLogHeader |
The record contains the header for the change log. |
1 |
RecordTypeLogEntry |
The record contains the header for a change log entry. |
2 |
RecordTypeVolumePath |
The data contains the volume path for the change log entry. |
3 |
RecordTypeFirstPath |
The data contains the file path for the change log entry. |
4 |
RecordTypeSecondPath |
The data contains the file path of the renamed file for the change log entry. |
5 |
RecordTypeTempPath |
The data contains the name of the backup file used to restore the change log entry. |
6 |
RecordTypeAclInline |
The data contains an access control list (ACL). |
7 |
RecordTypeAclFile |
The data contains the name of the ACL file used to store the ACL. |
8 |
RecordTypeDebugInfo |
The data contains debug information for the change log entry. |
9 |
RecordTypeShortName |
The data contains the short name of the backup file. |
The change log entry (CHANGE_LOG_ENTRY) is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeLogEntry |
|||
0 |
4 |
Record size |
|
4 |
4 |
1 |
Record type |
8 |
4 |
0xabcdef12 |
Signature |
12 |
4 |
Entry type |
|
16 |
4 |
Entry flags |
|
20 |
4 |
File attributes |
|
24 |
8 |
Sequence number |
|
32 |
32 |
Unknown (empty values) |
|
Process name |
|||
64 |
4 |
Unknown (size of process name data) |
|
68 |
4 |
Unknown (string data type?) |
|
73 |
… |
Name of the process that made the change |
|
If < record size - 4 |
|||
… |
… |
Unknown (sub records?) |
|
… |
4 |
Copy of record size |
Value | Identifier | Description |
---|---|---|
0x00000001 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_STREAMCHANGE |
|
0x00000002 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_ACLCHANGE |
|
0x00000004 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_ATTRCHANGE |
|
0x00000008 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_STREAMOVERWRITE |
|
0x00000010 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_FILEDELETE |
|
0x00000020 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_FILECREATE |
|
0x00000040 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_FILERENAME |
|
0x00000080 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_DIRCREATE |
|
0x00000100 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_DIRRENAME |
|
0x00000200 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_DIRDELETE |
|
0x00000400 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_MOUNTCREATE |
|
0x00000800 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_MOUNTDELETE |
|
0x00001000 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_VOLUMEERROR |
|
0x00002000 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_STREAMCREATE |
|
0x00010000 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_NOOPTIMIZE |
|
0x00020000 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_ISDIR |
|
0x00040000 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_ISNOTDIR |
|
0x00080000 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_SIMULATEDELETE |
|
0x00100000 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_INPRECREATE |
|
0x00200000 |
CHANGE_LOG_ENTRYTYPES_OPENBYID |
The first path record data is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeFirstPath |
|||
0 |
4 |
Record size |
|
4 |
4 |
3 |
Record type |
8 |
… |
The first path string |
TODO: need sample.
The second path record data is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeSecondPath |
|||
0 |
4 |
Record size |
|
4 |
4 |
4 |
Record type |
8 |
… |
The secondary path string |
The backup file record data is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeTempPath |
|||
0 |
4 |
Record size |
|
4 |
4 |
5 |
Record type |
8 |
… |
The backup filename string |
The backup files are located in the RP# folder. The filename has the following
format: A.ext
, where is a seven-digit number and ext is the file
name extension.
The inline ACL record data is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeAclInline |
|||
0 |
4 |
Record size |
|
4 |
4 |
6 |
Record type |
8 |
… |
Unknown (SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR?) |
Note
|
According to [MSDN] this value cannot be larger than 8192 bytes. It states
that to specify a value larger than 8192 bytes a RecordTypeAclFile record must
be used.
|
The file ACL record data is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeAclFile |
|||
0 |
4 |
Record size |
|
4 |
4 |
7 |
Record type |
8 |
… |
Unknown (SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR?) |
TODO: need sample.
The ACL files are located in the RP# folder. The filename has the following
format: S.acl
, where is a seven-digit number.
The debug information record data is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RECORD_HEADER of type RecordTypeDebugInfo |
|||
0 |
4 |
Record size |
|
4 |
4 |
8 |
Record type |
8 |
… |
Unknown (SR_LOG_DEBUG_INFO?) |
TODO: need sample.
typedef struct _SR_LOG_DEBUG_INFO { RECORD_HEADER Header; // log entry header HANDLE ThreadId; // thread identifier HANDLE ProcessId; // process identifier ULARGER_INTEGER TimeStamp; // event time stamp CHAR ProcesName[13]; // process name } SR_LOG_DEBUG_INFO, *PSR_LOG_DEBUG_INFO;
The rp.log file consists of:
-
Restore Point information
-
Unknown data
-
file footer
The Restore Point information (RESTOREPOINTINFO) is variable of size and consists of:
Offset | Size | Value | Description |
---|---|---|---|
0 |
4 |
Event type |
|
See section: Event types |
4 |
4 |
|
Restore point typeRestore point type |
8 |
8 |
|
Sequence number |
16 |
… |
TODO: determine if the description always stored as UTF-16, since WINAPI provides both RESTOREPOINTINFOA and RESTOREPOINTINFOW.
Value | Identifier | Description |
---|---|---|
0x00000064 |
BEGIN_SYSTEM_CHANGE |
Event to mark the start of a system change. |
0x00000065 |
END_SYSTEM_CHANGE |
Event to mark the end of a system change. |
0x00000066 |
BEGIN_NESTED_SYSTEM_CHANGE |
Event to mark the start of a nested system change. |
0x00000067 |
END_NESTED_SYSTEM_CHANGE |
Event to mark the end of a nested system change. |
Value | Identifier | Description |
---|---|---|
0x00000000 |
APPLICATION_INSTALL |
Installation of an application. |
0x00000001 |
APPLICATION_UNINSTALL |
Uninstall of an application. |
0x00000007 |
Unknown |
|
0x0000000a |
DEVICE_DRIVER_INSTALL |
Installation of a device driver. |
0x0000000c |
MODIFY_SETTINGS |
Features added or removed of an application. |
0x0000000d |
CANCELLED_OPERATION |
An application needs to delete the Restore Point it created. |
0x00000010 |
Unknown |
Files Contained in Each RP#Folder
00000000 66 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |f...............| 00000010 49 00 6e 00 73 00 74 00 61 00 6c 00 6c 00 65 00 |I.n.s.t.a.l.l.e.| 00000020 64 00 20 00 50 00 79 00 74 00 68 00 6f 00 6e 00 |d. .P.y.t.h.o.n.| 00000030 20 00 6d 00 6f 00 63 00 6b 00 2d 00 31 00 2e 00 | .m.o.c.k.-.1...| 00000040 30 00 2e 00 31 00 00 00 |0...1...]...X...| 00000040 5d 01 00 00 58 aa 12 00 |0...1...]...X...| 00000050 7c ee ad 00 a6 16 91 7c 62 01 00 00 58 aa 12 00 ||......|b...X...| 00000060 00 00 0a 00 68 b5 12 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0a 00 |....h...........| 00000070 08 e6 11 00 00 00 00 00 5c ef ad 00 4c 08 91 7c |........\...L..|| 00000080 00 00 0a 00 81 09 91 7c 08 06 0a 00 5d 00 91 7c |.......|....]..|| 00000090 b8 e2 10 00 10 e6 11 00 10 e6 11 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 000000a0 03 00 00 00 08 e6 11 00 c8 ee ad 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 000000b0 b8 00 91 7c 88 1e 10 00 94 ef ad 00 dc ee ad 00 |...|............| 000000c0 00 00 00 00 b8 00 91 7c a0 51 11 00 a8 ef ad 00 |.......|.Q......| 000000d0 41 00 91 7c 08 08 0a 00 5d 00 91 7c 38 d9 0b 00 |A..|....]..|8...| 000000e0 a8 51 11 00 a8 51 11 00 30 01 00 00 c0 00 00 00 |.Q...Q..0.......| 000000f0 13 00 00 00 78 01 0a 00 e0 02 0a 00 18 0b 00 00 |....x...........| 00000100 20 00 00 00 30 00 00 00 00 00 0a 00 e0 02 0a 00 | ...0...........| 00000110 00 00 0a 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00000120 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 26 00 01 01 |............&...| 00000130 08 00 00 00 a0 ee 00 00 40 00 00 00 44 ed ad 00 |........@...D...| 00000140 20 e9 90 7c 2d f6 90 7c 10 f0 ad 00 00 00 0a 00 | ..|-..|........| 00000150 90 ef ad 00 5c f6 90 7c 61 f6 90 7c 34 00 00 c0 |....\..|a..|4...| 00000160 00 00 0a 00 2d f6 01 00 13 00 00 00 d8 ee ad 00 |....-...........| 00000170 d8 ef ad 00 cc ef ad 00 20 e9 01 00 08 00 00 00 |........ .......| 00000180 ec ee ad 00 5d 00 91 7c e0 ef ad 00 20 e9 90 7c |....]..|.... ..|| 00000190 60 00 91 7c ff ff ff ff 5d 00 91 7c cf fd 7d 7c |`..|....]..|..}|| 000001a0 00 00 0a 00 00 00 00 00 9f fd 7d 7c 38 d9 0b 00 |..........}|8...| 000001b0 a8 51 11 00 00 00 00 00 48 9b 80 7c a4 ff ad 00 |.Q......H..|....| 000001c0 48 9b 80 7c a8 fd 7d 7c bc ef ad 00 9f fd 7d 7c |H..|..}|......}|| 000001d0 a4 ff ad 00 48 9b 80 7c a8 fd 7d 7c ff ff ff ff |....H..|..}|....| 000001e0 9f fd 7d 7c e6 5f 2d 7d a8 51 11 00 08 f0 ad 00 |..}|._-}.Q......| 000001f0 02 f3 38 7d a8 51 11 00 14 f0 ad 00 4e f4 38 7d |..8}.Q......N.8}| 00000200 a8 51 11 00 24 f0 ad 00 76 60 2d 7d 18 6c 3a 7d |.Q..$...v`-}.l:}|
00000000 64 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 88 61 07 07 64 fa b2 00 |d........a..d...| 00000010 43 00 6f 00 6e 00 74 00 72 00 6f 00 6c 00 65 00 |C.o.n.t.r.o.l.e.| 00000020 70 00 75 00 6e 00 74 00 20 00 76 00 61 00 6e 00 |p.u.n.t. .v.a.n.| 00000030 20 00 73 00 79 00 73 00 74 00 65 00 65 00 6d 00 | .s.y.s.t.e.e.m.| 00000040 00 00 |....p...A..|8...| 00000040 07 07 70 fd b2 00 41 00 91 7c 38 0b 09 00 |....p...A..|8...| 00000050 5d 00 91 7c 00 00 00 00 00 d5 11 00 00 00 00 00 |]..|............| 00000060 d8 fc b2 00 c4 2c 7e 7c 58 59 0d 00 38 e7 11 00 |.....,~|XY..8...| 00000070 30 75 00 00 fe ff ff ff f0 fc b2 00 85 32 56 42 |0u...........2VB| 00000080 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 00 30 75 00 00 fc fc b2 00 |........0u......| 00000090 00 00 00 00 b8 00 91 7c 30 9d 88 05 c8 fd b2 00 |.......|0.......| 000000a0 41 00 91 7c 48 07 09 00 5d 00 91 7c 1c fd b2 00 |A..|H...]..|....| 000000b0 00 00 00 00 b8 00 91 7c 68 88 29 07 e8 fd b2 00 |.......|h.).....| 000000c0 41 00 91 7c e8 06 09 00 5d 00 91 7c 00 00 00 00 |A..|....]..|....| 000000d0 00 d5 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 00 34 70 5c 77 |............4p\w| 000000e0 80 48 0e 77 68 61 07 07 00 00 00 00 78 fd b2 00 |.H.wha......x...| 000000f0 3e ad 01 00 19 00 00 00 0b 00 00 00 44 61 07 07 |>...........Da..| 00000100 70 fe b2 00 20 e9 90 7c 20 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff |p... ..| .......| 00000110 5d 00 91 7c 6f c6 59 42 00 00 09 00 00 00 00 00 |]..|o.YB........| 00000120 30 61 07 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 b1 e6 06 |0a..............| 00000130 5c 08 00 00 2c 08 00 00 58 00 00 00 cc fd 00 00 |\...,...X.......| 00000140 00 00 09 00 9c fb b2 00 36 14 4c 77 00 00 00 00 |........6.Lw....| 00000150 10 fe b2 00 e8 77 5c 77 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.....w\w........| 00000160 70 db c2 06 ac fd b2 00 2c a3 09 00 70 fe b2 00 |p.......,...p...| 00000170 79 4d 5b 77 00 00 00 00 10 fe b2 00 70 db c2 06 |yM[w........p...| 00000180 00 00 00 00 00 c0 fd 7f 48 fe b2 00 2a 26 7d 7c |........H...*&}|| 00000190 04 fe b2 00 00 26 7d 7c 5c 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.....&}|\.......| 000001a0 00 00 00 00 14 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 000001b0 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 000001c0 00 a0 fd 7f 00 c0 fd 7f 18 fe b2 00 02 01 00 00 |................| 000001d0 f8 fd b2 00 fc fd b2 00 c8 fe b2 00 48 9b 80 7c |............H..|| 000001e0 08 26 7d 7c ff ff ff ff 00 26 7d 7c 42 25 7d 7c |.&}|.....&}|B%}|| 000001f0 5c 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 fe b2 00 |\...........x...| 00000200 6b 0f 13 75 5c 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |k..u\...........|
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\SystemRestore
[BUNTING]
Title: | Restore Point Forensics |
---|---|
Author(s): |
Steve Bunting |
URL: |
http://www.stevebunting.org/udpd4n6/forensics/restorepoints.htm |
[MSDN]
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Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
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The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
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Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
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