Overzoom raster tiles when no data is available

[kkaefer]

Counterpart to mapbox/mapbox-gl-native#8164

Directly loading a map that requires overzooming raster tiles only shows black at z16.50:
https://api.mapbox.com/styles/v1/mapbox/satellite-streets-v9.html?title=true&access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN#16.5/50.11690/-122.95461

Directly loading the map at z16.49 instead of z16.50 shows the satellite tiles (and you can now zoom in beyond z16.50 and still see tiles in this location), but when panning no new tiles will be loaded:

[andrewharvey]

This is the issue reported in #4257