diff --git a/docs/gateway-api-compatibility.md b/docs/gateway-api-compatibility.md
index 4b9f4b4415..72a580910f 100644
--- a/docs/gateway-api-compatibility.md
+++ b/docs/gateway-api-compatibility.md
@@ -89,6 +89,8 @@ Fields:
       * `Accepted/False/ProtocolConflict`
       * `Accepted/False/UnsupportedValue`: Custom reason for when a value of a field in a Listener is invalid or not supported.
       * `Accepted/False/GatewayConflict`: Custom reason for when the Gateway is ignored due to a conflicting Gateway. NKG only supports a single Gateway.
+      * `Programmed/True/Programmed`
+      * `Programmed/False/Invalid`
       * `ResolvedRefs/True/ResolvedRefs`
       * `ResolvedRefs/False/InvalidCertificateRef`
       * `Conflicted/True/ProtocolConflict`
diff --git a/internal/state/conditions/conditions.go b/internal/state/conditions/conditions.go
index 687d37b4b6..c5ce697f88 100644
--- a/internal/state/conditions/conditions.go
+++ b/internal/state/conditions/conditions.go
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ const (
 	// is invalid or not supported.
 	ListenerReasonUnsupportedValue v1beta1.ListenerConditionReason = "UnsupportedValue"
 
+	// ListenerMessageFailedNginxReload is a message used with ListenerConditionProgrammed (false)
+	// when nginx fails to reload.
+	ListenerMessageFailedNginxReload = "The Listener is not programmed due to a failure to " +
+		"reload nginx with the configuration"
+
 	// RouteReasonBackendRefUnsupportedValue is used with the "ResolvedRefs" condition when one of the
 	// Route rules has a backendRef with an unsupported value.
 	RouteReasonBackendRefUnsupportedValue = "UnsupportedValue"
@@ -253,6 +258,7 @@ func NewRouteGatewayNotProgrammed(msg string) Condition {
 func NewDefaultListenerConditions() []Condition {
 	return []Condition{
 		NewListenerAccepted(),
+		NewListenerProgrammed(),
 		NewListenerResolvedRefs(),
 		NewListenerNoConflicts(),
 	}
@@ -268,6 +274,16 @@ func NewListenerAccepted() Condition {
 	}
 }
 
+// NewListenerProgrammed returns a Condition that indicates the Listener is programmed.
+func NewListenerProgrammed() Condition {
+	return Condition{
+		Type:    string(v1beta1.ListenerConditionProgrammed),
+		Status:  metav1.ConditionTrue,
+		Reason:  string(v1beta1.ListenerReasonProgrammed),
+		Message: "Listener is programmed",
+	}
+}
+
 // NewListenerResolvedRefs returns a Condition that indicates that all references in a Listener are resolved.
 func NewListenerResolvedRefs() Condition {
 	return Condition{
@@ -288,17 +304,31 @@ func NewListenerNoConflicts() Condition {
 	}
 }
 
-// NewListenerUnsupportedValue returns a Condition that indicates that a field of a Listener has an unsupported value.
-// Unsupported means that the value is not supported by the implementation or invalid.
-func NewListenerUnsupportedValue(msg string) Condition {
+// NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid returns a Condition that indicates the Listener is not programmed because it is
+// semantically or syntactically invalid. The provided message contains the details of why the Listener is invalid.
+func NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid(msg string) Condition {
 	return Condition{
-		Type:    string(v1beta1.ListenerConditionAccepted),
+		Type:    string(v1beta1.ListenerConditionProgrammed),
 		Status:  metav1.ConditionFalse,
-		Reason:  string(ListenerReasonUnsupportedValue),
+		Reason:  string(v1beta1.ListenerReasonInvalid),
 		Message: msg,
 	}
 }
 
+// NewListenerUnsupportedValue returns Conditions that indicate that a field of a Listener has an unsupported value.
+// Unsupported means that the value is not supported by the implementation or invalid.
+func NewListenerUnsupportedValue(msg string) []Condition {
+	return []Condition{
+		{
+			Type:    string(v1beta1.ListenerConditionAccepted),
+			Status:  metav1.ConditionFalse,
+			Reason:  string(ListenerReasonUnsupportedValue),
+			Message: msg,
+		},
+		NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid(msg),
+	}
+}
+
 // NewListenerInvalidCertificateRef returns Conditions that indicate that a CertificateRef of a Listener is invalid.
 func NewListenerInvalidCertificateRef(msg string) []Condition {
 	return []Condition{
@@ -314,6 +344,7 @@ func NewListenerInvalidCertificateRef(msg string) []Condition {
 			Reason:  string(v1beta1.ListenerReasonInvalidCertificateRef),
 			Message: msg,
 		},
+		NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid(msg),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -333,16 +364,20 @@ func NewListenerProtocolConflict(msg string) []Condition {
 			Reason:  string(v1beta1.ListenerReasonProtocolConflict),
 			Message: msg,
 		},
+		NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid(msg),
 	}
 }
 
-// NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol returns a Condition that indicates that the protocol of a Listener is unsupported.
-func NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol(msg string) Condition {
-	return Condition{
-		Type:    string(v1beta1.ListenerConditionAccepted),
-		Status:  metav1.ConditionFalse,
-		Reason:  string(v1beta1.ListenerReasonUnsupportedProtocol),
-		Message: msg,
+// NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol returns Conditions that indicate that the protocol of a Listener is unsupported.
+func NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol(msg string) []Condition {
+	return []Condition{
+		{
+			Type:    string(v1beta1.ListenerConditionAccepted),
+			Status:  metav1.ConditionFalse,
+			Reason:  string(v1beta1.ListenerReasonUnsupportedProtocol),
+			Message: msg,
+		},
+		NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid(msg),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -368,7 +403,7 @@ func NewGatewayClassInvalidParameters(msg string) Condition {
 	}
 }
 
-// NewDefaultGatewayConditions returns the default Condition that must be present in the status of a Gateway.
+// NewDefaultGatewayConditions returns the default Conditions that must be present in the status of a Gateway.
 func NewDefaultGatewayConditions() []Condition {
 	return []Condition{
 		NewGatewayAccepted(),
@@ -386,7 +421,7 @@ func NewGatewayAccepted() Condition {
 	}
 }
 
-// NewGatewayConflict returns a Condition that indicates the Gateway has a conflict with another Gateway.
+// NewGatewayConflict returns Conditions that indicate the Gateway has a conflict with another Gateway.
 func NewGatewayConflict() []Condition {
 	return []Condition{
 		{
@@ -410,7 +445,7 @@ func NewGatewayAcceptedListenersNotValid() Condition {
 	}
 }
 
-// NewGatewayNotAcceptedListenersNotValid returns a Condition that indicates the Gateway is not accepted,
+// NewGatewayNotAcceptedListenersNotValid returns Conditions that indicate the Gateway is not accepted,
 // because all listeners are invalid.
 func NewGatewayNotAcceptedListenersNotValid() []Condition {
 	msg := "Gateway has no valid listeners"
@@ -425,7 +460,7 @@ func NewGatewayNotAcceptedListenersNotValid() []Condition {
 	}
 }
 
-// NewGatewayInvalid returns a Condition that indicates the Gateway is not accepted and programmed because it is
+// NewGatewayInvalid returns Conditions that indicate the Gateway is not accepted and programmed because it is
 // semantically or syntactically invalid. The provided message contains the details of why the Gateway is invalid.
 func NewGatewayInvalid(msg string) []Condition {
 	return []Condition{
@@ -439,7 +474,7 @@ func NewGatewayInvalid(msg string) []Condition {
 	}
 }
 
-// NewGatewayUnsupportedValue returns a Condition that indicates that a field of the Gateway has an unsupported value.
+// NewGatewayUnsupportedValue returns Conditions that indicate that a field of the Gateway has an unsupported value.
 // Unsupported means that the value is not supported by the implementation or invalid.
 func NewGatewayUnsupportedValue(msg string) []Condition {
 	return []Condition{
diff --git a/internal/state/graph/gateway_listener.go b/internal/state/graph/gateway_listener.go
index 7c0172172c..c2a6a400b6 100644
--- a/internal/state/graph/gateway_listener.go
+++ b/internal/state/graph/gateway_listener.go
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func newListenerConfiguratorFactory(
 						listener.Protocol,
 						[]string{string(v1beta1.HTTPProtocolType), string(v1beta1.HTTPSProtocolType)},
 					)
-					return []conditions.Condition{conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol(valErr.Error())}
+					return conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol(valErr.Error())
 				},
 			},
 		},
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ func (c *listenerConfigurator) configure(listener v1beta1.Listener) *Listener {
 		allowedRouteSelector, err = metav1.LabelSelectorAsSelector(selector)
 		if err != nil {
 			msg := fmt.Sprintf("invalid label selector: %s", err.Error())
-			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(msg))
+			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(msg)...)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ func validateListenerHostname(listener v1beta1.Listener) []conditions.Condition
 	if err != nil {
 		path := field.NewPath("hostname")
 		valErr := field.Invalid(path, listener.Hostname, err.Error())
-		return []conditions.Condition{conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error())}
+		return conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error())
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func validateListenerAllowedRouteKind(listener v1beta1.Listener) []conditions.Co
 			for _, kind := range listener.AllowedRoutes.Kinds {
 				if !validHTTPRouteKind(kind) {
 					msg := fmt.Sprintf("Unsupported route kind \"%s/%s\"", *kind.Group, kind.Kind)
-					return []conditions.Condition{conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(msg)}
+					return conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(msg)
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ func validateListenerLabelSelector(listener v1beta1.Listener) []conditions.Condi
 		*listener.AllowedRoutes.Namespaces.From == v1beta1.NamespacesFromSelector &&
 		listener.AllowedRoutes.Namespaces.Selector == nil {
 		msg := "Listener's AllowedRoutes Selector must be set when From is set to type Selector"
-		return []conditions.Condition{conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(msg)}
+		return conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(msg)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ func validateHTTPListener(listener v1beta1.Listener) []conditions.Condition {
 	if err := validateListenerPort(listener.Port); err != nil {
 		path := field.NewPath("port")
 		valErr := field.Invalid(path, listener.Port, err.Error())
-		return []conditions.Condition{conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error())}
+		return conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error())
 	}
 
 	if listener.TLS != nil {
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ func createHTTPSListenerValidator(gwNsName string) listenerValidator {
 		if err := validateListenerPort(listener.Port); err != nil {
 			path := field.NewPath("port")
 			valErr := field.Invalid(path, listener.Port, err.Error())
-			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error()))
+			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error())...)
 		}
 
 		if listener.TLS == nil {
@@ -287,13 +287,13 @@ func createHTTPSListenerValidator(gwNsName string) listenerValidator {
 				*listener.TLS.Mode,
 				[]string{string(v1beta1.TLSModeTerminate)},
 			)
-			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error()))
+			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error())...)
 		}
 
 		if len(listener.TLS.Options) > 0 {
 			path := tlsPath.Child("options")
 			valErr := field.Forbidden(path, "options are not supported")
-			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error()))
+			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error())...)
 		}
 
 		if len(listener.TLS.CertificateRefs) == 0 {
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ func createHTTPSListenerValidator(gwNsName string) listenerValidator {
 		if l := len(listener.TLS.CertificateRefs); l > 1 {
 			path := tlsPath.Child("certificateRefs")
 			valErr := field.TooMany(path, l, 1)
-			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error()))
+			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(valErr.Error())...)
 		}
 
 		return conds
diff --git a/internal/state/graph/gateway_listener_test.go b/internal/state/graph/gateway_listener_test.go
index 6f229c34b8..ac79452f83 100644
--- a/internal/state/graph/gateway_listener_test.go
+++ b/internal/state/graph/gateway_listener_test.go
@@ -29,10 +29,8 @@ func TestValidateHTTPListener(t *testing.T) {
 			l: v1beta1.Listener{
 				Port: 0,
 			},
-			expected: []conditions.Condition{
-				conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(`port: Invalid value: 0: port must be between 1-65535`),
-			},
-			name: "invalid port",
+			expected: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(`port: Invalid value: 0: port must be between 1-65535`),
+			name:     "invalid port",
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -98,10 +96,8 @@ func TestValidateHTTPSListener(t *testing.T) {
 					CertificateRefs: []v1beta1.SecretObjectReference{validSecretRef},
 				},
 			},
-			expected: []conditions.Condition{
-				conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(`port: Invalid value: 0: port must be between 1-65535`),
-			},
-			name: "invalid port",
+			expected: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(`port: Invalid value: 0: port must be between 1-65535`),
+			name:     "invalid port",
 		},
 		{
 			l: v1beta1.Listener{
@@ -112,10 +108,8 @@ func TestValidateHTTPSListener(t *testing.T) {
 					Options:         map[v1beta1.AnnotationKey]v1beta1.AnnotationValue{"key": "val"},
 				},
 			},
-			expected: []conditions.Condition{
-				conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("tls.options: Forbidden: options are not supported"),
-			},
-			name: "invalid options",
+			expected: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("tls.options: Forbidden: options are not supported"),
+			name:     "invalid options",
 		},
 		{
 			l: v1beta1.Listener{
@@ -125,11 +119,9 @@ func TestValidateHTTPSListener(t *testing.T) {
 					CertificateRefs: []v1beta1.SecretObjectReference{validSecretRef},
 				},
 			},
-			expected: []conditions.Condition{
-				conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(
-					`tls.mode: Unsupported value: "Passthrough": supported values: "Terminate"`,
-				),
-			},
+			expected: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(
+				`tls.mode: Unsupported value: "Passthrough": supported values: "Terminate"`,
+			),
 			name: "invalid tls mode",
 		},
 		{
@@ -180,10 +172,8 @@ func TestValidateHTTPSListener(t *testing.T) {
 					CertificateRefs: []v1beta1.SecretObjectReference{validSecretRef, validSecretRef},
 				},
 			},
-			expected: []conditions.Condition{
-				conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("tls.certificateRefs: Too many: 2: must have at most 1 items"),
-			},
-			name: "too many cert refs",
+			expected: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("tls.certificateRefs: Too many: 2: must have at most 1 items"),
+			name:     "too many cert refs",
 		},
 	}
 
diff --git a/internal/state/graph/gateway_test.go b/internal/state/graph/gateway_test.go
index 584309f7a6..e7e7d68503 100644
--- a/internal/state/graph/gateway_test.go
+++ b/internal/state/graph/gateway_test.go
@@ -370,11 +370,9 @@ func TestBuildGateway(t *testing.T) {
 					"listener-with-invalid-selector": {
 						Source: listenerInvalidSelector,
 						Valid:  false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(
-								`invalid label selector: "invalid" is not a valid label selector operator`,
-							),
-						},
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(
+							`invalid label selector: "invalid" is not a valid label selector operator`,
+						),
 					},
 				},
 				Valid: true,
@@ -390,11 +388,9 @@ func TestBuildGateway(t *testing.T) {
 					"invalid-protocol": {
 						Source: invalidProtocolListener,
 						Valid:  false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol(
-								`protocol: Unsupported value: "TCP": supported values: "HTTP", "HTTPS"`,
-							),
-						},
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol(
+							`protocol: Unsupported value: "TCP": supported values: "HTTP", "HTTPS"`,
+						),
 					},
 				},
 				Valid: true,
@@ -412,20 +408,16 @@ func TestBuildGateway(t *testing.T) {
 					"invalid-port": {
 						Source: invalidPortListener,
 						Valid:  false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(
-								`port: Invalid value: 0: port must be between 1-65535`,
-							),
-						},
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(
+							`port: Invalid value: 0: port must be between 1-65535`,
+						),
 					},
 					"invalid-https-port": {
 						Source: invalidHTTPSPortListener,
 						Valid:  false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(
-								`port: Invalid value: 0: port must be between 1-65535`,
-							),
-						},
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(
+							`port: Invalid value: 0: port must be between 1-65535`,
+						),
 					},
 				},
 				Valid: true,
@@ -441,18 +433,14 @@ func TestBuildGateway(t *testing.T) {
 				Source: getLastCreatedGetaway(),
 				Listeners: map[string]*Listener{
 					"invalid-hostname": {
-						Source: invalidHostnameListener,
-						Valid:  false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(invalidHostnameMsg),
-						},
+						Source:     invalidHostnameListener,
+						Valid:      false,
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(invalidHostnameMsg),
 					},
 					"invalid-https-hostname": {
-						Source: invalidHTTPSHostnameListener,
-						Valid:  false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(invalidHostnameMsg),
-						},
+						Source:     invalidHTTPSHostnameListener,
+						Valid:      false,
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue(invalidHostnameMsg),
 					},
 				},
 				Valid: true,
diff --git a/internal/status/statuses.go b/internal/status/statuses.go
index e624367c9b..1e917c168c 100644
--- a/internal/status/statuses.go
+++ b/internal/status/statuses.go
@@ -179,6 +179,10 @@ func buildGatewayStatus(gateway *graph.Gateway, nginxReloadRes NginxReloadResult
 			conds = l.Conditions
 		}
 
+		if nginxReloadRes.Error != nil {
+			conds = append(conds, conditions.NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid(conditions.ListenerMessageFailedNginxReload))
+		}
+
 		listenerStatuses[name] = ListenerStatus{
 			AttachedRoutes: int32(len(l.Routes)),
 			Conditions:     conditions.DeduplicateConditions(conds),
diff --git a/internal/status/statuses_test.go b/internal/status/statuses_test.go
index b9e1427e98..26779498f5 100644
--- a/internal/status/statuses_test.go
+++ b/internal/status/statuses_test.go
@@ -252,7 +252,12 @@ func TestBuildStatusesNginxErr(t *testing.T) {
 				ListenerStatuses: map[string]ListenerStatus{
 					"listener-80-1": {
 						AttachedRoutes: 1,
-						Conditions:     conditions.NewDefaultListenerConditions(),
+						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
+							conditions.NewListenerAccepted(),
+							conditions.NewListenerResolvedRefs(),
+							conditions.NewListenerNoConflicts(),
+							conditions.NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid(conditions.ListenerMessageFailedNginxReload),
+						},
 					},
 				},
 				ObservedGeneration: 2,
@@ -368,10 +373,8 @@ func TestBuildGatewayStatuses(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 					"listener-invalid": {
-						Valid: false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("unsupported value"),
-						},
+						Valid:      false,
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("unsupported value"),
 					},
 				},
 				Valid: true,
@@ -388,9 +391,7 @@ func TestBuildGatewayStatuses(t *testing.T) {
 							Conditions:     conditions.NewDefaultListenerConditions(),
 						},
 						"listener-invalid": {
-							Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-								conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("unsupported value"),
-							},
+							Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("unsupported value"),
 						},
 					},
 					ObservedGeneration: 2,
@@ -403,16 +404,12 @@ func TestBuildGatewayStatuses(t *testing.T) {
 				Source: gw,
 				Listeners: map[string]*graph.Listener{
 					"listener-invalid-1": {
-						Valid: false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol("unsupported protocol"),
-						},
+						Valid:      false,
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol("unsupported protocol"),
 					},
 					"listener-invalid-2": {
-						Valid: false,
-						Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-							conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("unsupported value"),
-						},
+						Valid:      false,
+						Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("unsupported value"),
 					},
 				},
 				Valid: true,
@@ -422,14 +419,10 @@ func TestBuildGatewayStatuses(t *testing.T) {
 					Conditions: conditions.NewGatewayNotAcceptedListenersNotValid(),
 					ListenerStatuses: map[string]ListenerStatus{
 						"listener-invalid-1": {
-							Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-								conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol("unsupported protocol"),
-							},
+							Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedProtocol("unsupported protocol"),
 						},
 						"listener-invalid-2": {
-							Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
-								conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("unsupported value"),
-							},
+							Conditions: conditions.NewListenerUnsupportedValue("unsupported value"),
 						},
 					},
 					ObservedGeneration: 2,
@@ -451,7 +444,7 @@ func TestBuildGatewayStatuses(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			name: "error reloading nginx; gateway not programmed",
+			name: "error reloading nginx; gateway/listener not programmed",
 			gateway: &graph.Gateway{
 				Source:     gw,
 				Valid:      true,
@@ -474,7 +467,12 @@ func TestBuildGatewayStatuses(t *testing.T) {
 					ListenerStatuses: map[string]ListenerStatus{
 						"listener-valid": {
 							AttachedRoutes: 1,
-							Conditions:     conditions.NewDefaultListenerConditions(),
+							Conditions: []conditions.Condition{
+								conditions.NewListenerAccepted(),
+								conditions.NewListenerResolvedRefs(),
+								conditions.NewListenerNoConflicts(),
+								conditions.NewListenerNotProgrammedInvalid(conditions.ListenerMessageFailedNginxReload),
+							},
 						},
 					},
 					ObservedGeneration: 2,