diff --git a/lib/internal/crypto/random.js b/lib/internal/crypto/random.js
index ee510ddf06c6ec..52afbd8af3f034 100644
--- a/lib/internal/crypto/random.js
+++ b/lib/internal/crypto/random.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 const errors = require('internal/errors');
 const { isArrayBufferView } = require('internal/util/types');
 const {
-  randomBytes,
+  randomBytes: _randomBytes,
   randomFill: _randomFill
 } = process.binding('crypto');
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function assertOffset(offset, length) {
   }
 }
 
-function assertSize(size, offset, length) {
+function assertSize(size, offset = 0, length = Infinity) {
   if (typeof size !== 'number' || size !== size) {
     throw new errors.TypeError('ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE', 'size', 'number');
   }
@@ -38,6 +38,13 @@ function assertSize(size, offset, length) {
   }
 }
 
+function randomBytes(size, cb) {
+  assertSize(size);
+  if (cb !== undefined && typeof cb !== 'function')
+    throw new errors.TypeError('ERR_INVALID_CALLBACK');
+  return _randomBytes(size, cb);
+}
+
 function randomFillSync(buf, offset = 0, size) {
   if (!isArrayBufferView(buf)) {
     throw new errors.TypeError('ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
diff --git a/src/node_crypto.cc b/src/node_crypto.cc
index 1b8d14825f5c89..45d703cba161a1 100644
--- a/src/node_crypto.cc
+++ b/src/node_crypto.cc
@@ -5526,13 +5526,8 @@ void RandomBytesProcessSync(Environment* env,
 void RandomBytes(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {
   Environment* env = Environment::GetCurrent(args);
 
-  if (!args[0]->IsNumber() || args[0].As<v8::Number>()->Value() < 0) {
-    return env->ThrowTypeError("size must be a number >= 0");
-  }
-
   const int64_t size = args[0]->IntegerValue();
-  if (size > Buffer::kMaxLength)
-    return env->ThrowTypeError("size must be a uint32");
+  CHECK(size <= Buffer::kMaxLength);
 
   Local<Object> obj = env->randombytes_constructor_template()->
       NewInstance(env->context()).ToLocalChecked();
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-crypto-random.js b/test/parallel/test-crypto-random.js
index f5dad9d62a5490..320a4358ff3ccb 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-crypto-random.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-crypto-random.js
@@ -33,12 +33,26 @@ crypto.DEFAULT_ENCODING = 'buffer';
 // bump, we register a lot of exit listeners
 process.setMaxListeners(256);
 
-const expectedErrorRegexp = /^TypeError: size must be a number >= 0$/;
 [crypto.randomBytes, crypto.pseudoRandomBytes].forEach(function(f) {
   [-1, undefined, null, false, true, {}, []].forEach(function(value) {
-    assert.throws(function() { f(value); }, expectedErrorRegexp);
-    assert.throws(function() { f(value, common.mustNotCall()); },
-                  expectedErrorRegexp);
+
+    common.expectsError(
+      () => f(value),
+      {
+        code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
+        type: TypeError,
+        message: /^The "size" argument must be of type (number|uint32)$/
+      }
+    );
+
+    common.expectsError(
+      () => f(value, common.mustNotCall()),
+      {
+        code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
+        type: TypeError,
+        message: /^The "size" argument must be of type (number|uint32)$/
+      }
+    );
   });
 
   [0, 1, 2, 4, 16, 256, 1024, 101.2].forEach(function(len) {
@@ -464,9 +478,14 @@ const expectedErrorRegexp = /^TypeError: size must be a number >= 0$/;
 
 // #5126, "FATAL ERROR: v8::Object::SetIndexedPropertiesToExternalArrayData()
 // length exceeds max acceptable value"
-assert.throws(function() {
-  crypto.randomBytes((-1 >>> 0) + 1);
-}, /^TypeError: size must be a uint32$/);
+common.expectsError(
+  () => crypto.randomBytes((-1 >>> 0) + 1),
+  {
+    code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE',
+    type: TypeError,
+    message: 'The "size" argument must be of type uint32'
+  }
+);
 
 [1, true, NaN, null, undefined, {}, []].forEach((i) => {
   common.expectsError(