diff --git a/lib/internal/modules/esm/worker.js b/lib/internal/modules/esm/worker.js
index 311d77fb099384..0213df7a92a0eb 100644
--- a/lib/internal/modules/esm/worker.js
+++ b/lib/internal/modules/esm/worker.js
@@ -215,8 +215,6 @@ async function customizedModuleWorker(lock, syncCommPort, errorHandler) {
       (port ?? syncCommPort).postMessage(wrapMessage('error', exception));
     }
 
-    AtomicsAdd(lock, WORKER_TO_MAIN_THREAD_NOTIFICATION, 1);
-    AtomicsNotify(lock, WORKER_TO_MAIN_THREAD_NOTIFICATION);
     if (shouldRemoveGlobalErrorHandler) {
       process.off('uncaughtException', errorHandler);
     }
@@ -225,6 +223,10 @@ async function customizedModuleWorker(lock, syncCommPort, errorHandler) {
     // We keep checking for new messages to not miss any.
     clearImmediate(immediate);
     immediate = setImmediate(checkForMessages).unref();
+    // To prevent the main thread from terminating before this function completes after unlocking,
+    // the following process is executed at the end of the function.
+    AtomicsAdd(lock, WORKER_TO_MAIN_THREAD_NOTIFICATION, 1);
+    AtomicsNotify(lock, WORKER_TO_MAIN_THREAD_NOTIFICATION);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/es-module/test-esm-loader-spawn-promisified.mjs b/test/es-module/test-esm-loader-spawn-promisified.mjs
index 628ff3f0d423e5..2f27f7850f646e 100644
--- a/test/es-module/test-esm-loader-spawn-promisified.mjs
+++ b/test/es-module/test-esm-loader-spawn-promisified.mjs
@@ -285,4 +285,20 @@ describe('Loader hooks parsing modules', { concurrency: !process.env.TEST_PARALL
     assert.strictEqual(code, 0);
     assert.strictEqual(signal, null);
   });
+
+  it('throw maximum call stack error on the loader', async () => {
+    const { code, signal, stdout, stderr } = await spawnPromisified(execPath, [
+      '--no-warnings',
+      '--experimental-loader',
+      fixtures.fileURL('/es-module-loaders/hooks-custom.mjs'),
+      '--input-type=module',
+      '--eval',
+      'await import("esmHook/maximumCallStack.mjs")',
+    ]);
+
+    assert(stderr.includes('Maximum call stack size exceeded'));
+    assert.strictEqual(stdout, '');
+    assert.strictEqual(code, 1);
+    assert.strictEqual(signal, null);
+  });
 });
diff --git a/test/fixtures/es-module-loaders/hooks-custom.mjs b/test/fixtures/es-module-loaders/hooks-custom.mjs
index 3c38649a88794f..5109d20f4d3711 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/es-module-loaders/hooks-custom.mjs
+++ b/test/fixtures/es-module-loaders/hooks-custom.mjs
@@ -105,5 +105,12 @@ export function load(url, context, next) {
     };
   }
 
+  if (url.endsWith('esmHook/maximumCallStack.mjs')) {
+    function recurse() {
+      recurse();
+    }
+    recurse();
+  }
+
   return next(url);
 }