diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 3e1e3a4df..4906d8e82 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ OpenTelemetry Go Automatic Instrumentation adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http
 ### Added
 
 - Add `WithServiceName` config option for instrumentation. ([#353](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-go-instrumentation/pull/353))
+- Add `WithPID` config option for instrumentation. ([#355](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-go-instrumentation/pull/355))
 
 ### Changed
 
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index c43492b1d..68fe36921 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -68,6 +68,10 @@ generate:
 docker-generate:
 	docker run --rm -v $(shell pwd):/app golang:1.20 /bin/sh -c "apt-get update && apt-get install -y clang llvm libbpf-dev && cd ../app && make generate"
 
+.PHONY: docker-test
+docker-test:
+	docker run --rm -v $(shell pwd):/app golang:1.20 /bin/sh -c "apt-get update && apt-get install -y clang llvm libbpf-dev && cd ../app && make test"
+
 .PHONY: go-mod-tidy
 go-mod-tidy: $(ALL_GO_MOD_DIRS:%=go-mod-tidy/%)
 go-mod-tidy/%: DIR=$*
diff --git a/instConfig_test.go b/instConfig_test.go
index 24379c885..c520c5258 100644
--- a/instConfig_test.go
+++ b/instConfig_test.go
@@ -53,3 +53,18 @@ func TestWithServiceName(t *testing.T) {
 	c = newInstConfig([]InstrumentationOption{WithServiceName((testServiceName))})
 	assert.Equal(t, envServiceName, c.serviceName)
 }
+
+func TestWithPID(t *testing.T) {
+	// Current PID
+	currPID := os.Getpid()
+	c := newInstConfig([]InstrumentationOption{WithPID(currPID)})
+	currExe, err := os.Executable()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, currPID, c.target.Pid)
+
+	// PID should override valid target exe
+	c = newInstConfig([]InstrumentationOption{WithPID(currPID), WithTarget(currExe)})
+	assert.Equal(t, currPID, c.target.Pid)
+}
diff --git a/instrumentation.go b/instrumentation.go
index c30d4791f..5e9c1eb11 100644
--- a/instrumentation.go
+++ b/instrumentation.go
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ type Instrumentation struct {
 	manager  *instrumentors.Manager
 }
 
-// Error message returned when instrumentation is launched without a target
-// binary.
+// Error message returned when instrumentation is launched without a valid target
+// binary or pid.
 var errUndefinedTarget = fmt.Errorf("undefined target Go binary, consider setting the %s environment variable pointing to the target binary to instrument", envTargetExeKey)
 
 // NewInstrumentation returns a new [Instrumentation] configured with the
@@ -83,6 +83,14 @@ func NewInstrumentation(opts ...InstrumentationOption) (*Instrumentation, error)
 		mngr.Close()
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	if log.Logger.IsZero() {
+		err := log.Init()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
 	log.Logger.V(0).Info(
 		"target process analysis completed",
 		"pid", td.PID,
@@ -122,9 +130,11 @@ type instConfig struct {
 }
 
 func newInstConfig(opts []InstrumentationOption) instConfig {
-	var c instConfig
+	c := instConfig{target: &process.TargetArgs{}}
 	for _, opt := range opts {
-		c = opt.apply(c)
+		if opt != nil {
+			c = opt.apply(c)
+		}
 	}
 	c = c.applyEnv()
 	return c
@@ -132,7 +142,7 @@ func newInstConfig(opts []InstrumentationOption) instConfig {
 
 func (c instConfig) applyEnv() instConfig {
 	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv(envTargetExeKey); ok {
-		c.target = &process.TargetArgs{ExePath: v}
+		c.target.ExePath = v
 	}
 	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv(envServiceNameKey); ok {
 		c.serviceName = v
@@ -146,7 +156,7 @@ func (c instConfig) applyEnv() instConfig {
 }
 
 func (c instConfig) setDefualtServiceName() instConfig {
-	if c.target != nil {
+	if c.target.ExePath != "" {
 		c.serviceName = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", serviceNameDefault, filepath.Base(c.target.ExePath))
 	} else {
 		c.serviceName = serviceNameDefault
@@ -190,6 +200,9 @@ func (o fnOpt) apply(c instConfig) instConfig { return o(c) }
 // WithTarget returns an [InstrumentationOption] defining the target binary for
 // [Instrumentation] that is being executed at the provided path.
 //
+// This option conflicts with [WithPID]. If both are used, [WithPID] will take
+// precedence and be used.
+//
 // If multiple of these options are provided to an [Instrumentation], the last
 // one will be used.
 //
@@ -197,7 +210,7 @@ func (o fnOpt) apply(c instConfig) instConfig { return o(c) }
 // passed here.
 func WithTarget(path string) InstrumentationOption {
 	return fnOpt(func(c instConfig) instConfig {
-		c.target = &process.TargetArgs{ExePath: path}
+		c.target.ExePath = path
 		return c
 	})
 }
@@ -215,3 +228,19 @@ func WithServiceName(serviceName string) InstrumentationOption {
 		return c
 	})
 }
+
+// WithPID returns an [InstrumentationOption] corresponding to the executable
+// used by the provided pid.
+//
+// This option conflicts with [WithTarget]. If both are used, [WithPID]
+// will take precedence and be used. If OTEL_GO_AUTO_TARGET_EXE is defined,
+// the pid passed here will take precedence.
+//
+// If multiple of these options are provided to an [Instrumentation], the last
+// one will be used.
+func WithPID(pid int) InstrumentationOption {
+	return fnOpt(func(c instConfig) instConfig {
+		c.target.Pid = pid
+		return c
+	})
+}
diff --git a/internal/pkg/process/args.go b/internal/pkg/process/args.go
index ad0c60e9a..0769b0dda 100644
--- a/internal/pkg/process/args.go
+++ b/internal/pkg/process/args.go
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ package process
 
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"syscall"
 )
 
 // ExePathEnvVar is the environment variable key whose value points to the
@@ -26,10 +28,14 @@ const ExePathEnvVar = "OTEL_GO_AUTO_TARGET_EXE"
 // TargetArgs are the binary target information.
 type TargetArgs struct {
 	ExePath string
+	Pid     int
 }
 
 // Validate validates t and returns an error if not valid.
 func (t *TargetArgs) Validate() error {
+	if t.Pid != 0 {
+		return validatePID(t.Pid)
+	}
 	if t.ExePath == "" {
 		return errors.New("target binary path not specified, please specify " + ExePathEnvVar + " env variable")
 	}
@@ -37,15 +43,14 @@ func (t *TargetArgs) Validate() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// ParseTargetArgs returns TargetArgs for the target pointed to by the
-// environment variable OTEL_GO_AUTO_TARGET_EXE.
-func ParseTargetArgs() *TargetArgs {
-	result := &TargetArgs{}
-
-	val, exists := os.LookupEnv(ExePathEnvVar)
-	if exists {
-		result.ExePath = val
+func validatePID(pid int) error {
+	p, err := os.FindProcess(pid)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("can't find process with pid %d", pid)
 	}
-
-	return result
+	err = p.Signal(syscall.Signal(0))
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("process with pid %d does not exist", pid)
+	}
+	return nil
 }
diff --git a/internal/pkg/process/discover.go b/internal/pkg/process/discover.go
index dbc9b766a..9a63832bc 100644
--- a/internal/pkg/process/discover.go
+++ b/internal/pkg/process/discover.go
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ func NewAnalyzer() *Analyzer {
 // DiscoverProcessID searches for the target as an actively running process,
 // returning its PID if found.
 func (a *Analyzer) DiscoverProcessID(target *TargetArgs) (int, error) {
+	if target.Pid != 0 {
+		return target.Pid, nil
+	}
 	for {
 		select {
 		case <-a.done: