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Lab 2 - Test things out

Before starting this lab, create a new folder for your files:

$ mkdir -p lab2 \
   && cd lab2

Use the UI Portal

You can now test out the OpenFaaS UI:

If you have set an $OPENFAAS_URL then get the URL and then click on it:

echo $OPENFAAS_URL
http://127.0.0.1:31112

If you haven't set an $OPENFAAS_URL then the default is normally: http://127.0.0.1:8080.

We can deploy some sample functions and then use them to test things out:

$ faas-cli deploy -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openfaas/faas/master/stack.yml

You can try them out in the UI such as the Markdown function which converts Markdown code into HTML.

Type the below into the Request field:

## The **OpenFaaS** _workshop_

Now click Invoke and see the response appear in the bottom half of the screen.

I.e.

<h2>The <strong>OpenFaaS</strong> <em>workshop</em></h2>

You will see the following fields displayed:

  • Status - whether the function is ready to run. You will not be able to invoke the function from the UI until the status shows Ready.
  • Replicas - the amount of replicas of your function running in the cluster
  • Image - the Docker image name and version as published to the Docker Hub or Docker repository
  • Invocation count - this shows how many times the function has been invoked and is updated every 5 seconds

Click Invoke a number of times and see the Invocation count increase.

Deploy via the Function Store

You can deploy a function from the OpenFaaS store. The store is a free collection of functions curated by the community.

  • Click Deploy New Function
  • Click From Store
  • Click Figlet or enter figlet into the search bar and then click Deploy

The Figlet function will now appear in your left-hand list of functions. Give this a few moments to be downloaded from the Docker Hub and then type in some text and click Invoke like we did for the Markdown function.

You'll see an ASCII logo generated like this:

 _  ___   ___ _  __
/ |/ _ \ / _ (_)/ /
| | | | | | | |/ / 
| | |_| | |_| / /_ 
|_|\___/ \___/_/(_)

Learn about the CLI

You can now test out the CLI, but first a note on alternate gateways URLs:

If your gateway is not deployed at http://127.0.0.1:8080 then you will need to specify the alternative location. There are several ways to accomplish this:

  1. Set the environment variable OPENFAAS_URL and the faas-cli will point to that endpoint in your current shell session. For example: export OPENFAAS_URL=http://openfaas.endpoint.com:8080. This is already set in Lab 1 if you are following the Kubernetes instructions.
  2. Specify the correct endpoint inline with the -g or --gateway flag: faas deploy --gateway http://openfaas.endpoint.com:8080
  3. In your deployment YAML file, change the value specified by the gateway: object under provider:.

List the deployed functions

This will show the functions, how many replicas you have and the invocation count.

$ faas-cli list

You should see the markdown function as markdown and the figlet function listed too along with how many times you've invoked them.

Now try the verbose flag

$ faas-cli list --verbose

or

$ faas-cli list -v

You can now see the Docker image along with the names of the functions.

Invoke a function

Pick one of the functions you saw appear on faas-cli list such as markdown:

$ faas-cli invoke markdown

You'll now be asked to type in some text. Hit Control + D when you're done.

Alternatively you can use a command such as echo or curl as input to the invoke command which works through the use of pipes.

$ echo "# Hi" | faas-cli invoke markdown

$ curl -sLS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openfaas/faas/master/README.md \
  | faas-cli invoke markdown

Monitoring dashboard

OpenFaaS tracks metrics on your functions automatically using Prometheus. The metrics can be turned into a useful dashboard with free and Open Source tools like Grafana.

Run Grafana in OpenFaaS Kubernetes namespace:

kubectl -n openfaas run \
--image=stefanprodan/faas-grafana:4.6.3 \
--port=3000 \
grafana

Expose Grafana with a NodePort:

kubectl -n openfaas expose pod grafana \
--type=NodePort \
--name=grafana

Find Grafana node port address:

$ GRAFANA_PORT=$(kubectl -n openfaas get svc grafana -o jsonpath="{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}")
$ GRAFANA_URL=http://IP_ADDRESS:$GRAFANA_PORT/dashboard/db/openfaas

where IP_ADDRESS is your corresponding IP for Kubernetes.

Or you may run this port-forwarding command in order to be able to access Grafana on http://127.0.0.1:3000:

$ kubectl port-forward pod/grafana 3000:3000 -n openfaas

If you're using Kubernetes 1.17 or older, use deploy/grafana instead of pod/ in the command above.

After the service has been created open Grafana in your browser, login with username admin password admin and navigate to the pre-made OpenFaaS dashboard at $GRAFANA_URL.

Pictured: example of an OpenFaaS dashboard with Grafana

Now move onto Lab 3