diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index deaa40c..973e6dd 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 - drop `:headers` from `%Ch.Result{}` but add `:data` https://github.com/plausible/ch/pull/144
 - fix query string escaping for `\t`, `\\`, and `\n` https://github.com/plausible/ch/pull/147
 - make `Ch.stream/4` emit `%Ch.Result{data: iodata}` https://github.com/plausible/ch/pull/148
+- make `Ch.stream/4` collectable and remove stream support in `Ch.query/4` https://github.com/plausible/ch/pull/149
 
 ## 0.2.2 (2023-12-23)
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 7d84aeb..cf9b1a6 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ row_binary = Ch.RowBinary.encode_rows(rows, types)
   ])
 ```
 
-#### Insert rows in custom [format](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/interfaces/formats)
+#### Insert custom [format](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/interfaces/formats)
 
 ```elixir
 {:ok, pid} = Ch.start_link()
@@ -133,26 +133,20 @@ csv = "0\n1"
   Ch.query!(pid, ["INSERT INTO ch_demo(id) FORMAT CSV\n" | csv])
 ```
 
-#### Insert rows as [chunked](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chunked_transfer_encoding) RowBinary stream
+#### Insert [chunked](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chunked_transfer_encoding) RowBinary stream
 
 ```elixir
 {:ok, pid} = Ch.start_link()
 
 Ch.query!(pid, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ch_demo(id UInt64) ENGINE Null")
 
-row_binary =
+DBConnection.run(pid, fn conn ->
   Stream.repeatedly(fn -> [:rand.uniform(100)] end)
   |> Stream.chunk_every(100_000)
   |> Stream.map(fn chunk -> Ch.RowBinary.encode_rows(chunk, _types = ["UInt64"]) end)
-  |> Stream.take(10)
-
-%Ch.Result{num_rows: 1_000_000} =
-  Ch.query(pid,
-    Stream.concat(
-      ["INSERT INTO ch_demo(id) FORMAT RowBinary\n"],
-      row_binary
-    )
-  )
+  |> Stream.take(10)  
+  |> Enum.into(Ch.stream(conn, "INSERT INTO ch_demo(id) FORMAT RowBinary\n"))
+end)
 ```
 
 #### Insert rows via [input](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/table-functions/input) function
diff --git a/bench/insert.exs b/bench/insert.exs
index b852196..7c38b36 100644
--- a/bench/insert.exs
+++ b/bench/insert.exs
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ Benchee.run(
       |> Stream.run()
     end,
     "insert stream" => fn rows ->
-      stream =
+      DBConnection.run(conn, fn conn ->
         rows
         |> Stream.chunk_every(60_000)
         |> Stream.map(fn chunk -> RowBinary.encode_rows(chunk, types) end)
-
-      Ch.query!(conn, Stream.concat([statement], stream))
+        |> Enum.into(Ch.stream(conn, statement))
+      end)
     end
   },
   inputs: %{
diff --git a/lib/ch.ex b/lib/ch.ex
index 91b7336..b5c60ca 100644
--- a/lib/ch.ex
+++ b/lib/ch.ex
@@ -102,10 +102,10 @@ defmodule Ch do
   @doc """
   Returns a stream for a query on a connection.
   """
-  @spec stream(DBConnection.t(), statement, params, [query_option]) :: DBConnection.Stream.t()
+  @spec stream(DBConnection.t(), statement, params, [query_option]) :: Ch.Stream.t()
   def stream(conn, statement, params \\ [], opts \\ []) do
     query = Query.build(statement, opts)
-    DBConnection.stream(conn, query, params, opts)
+    %Ch.Stream{conn: conn, query: query, params: params, opts: opts}
   end
 
   if Code.ensure_loaded?(Ecto.ParameterizedType) do
diff --git a/lib/ch/connection.ex b/lib/ch/connection.ex
index 18442be..a40f2c8 100644
--- a/lib/ch/connection.ex
+++ b/lib/ch/connection.ex
@@ -183,20 +183,46 @@ defmodule Ch.Connection do
   end
 
   @impl true
-  def handle_execute(%Query{statement: statement} = query, params, opts, conn) do
+  def handle_execute(%Query{statement: statement} = query, {:stream, params}, opts, conn) do
     {query_params, extra_headers} = params
 
     path = path(conn, query_params, opts)
     headers = headers(conn, extra_headers, opts)
 
-    result =
-      if is_list(statement) or is_binary(statement) do
-        request(conn, "POST", path, headers, statement, opts)
-      else
-        request_chunked(conn, "POST", path, headers, statement, opts)
+    with {:ok, conn, ref} <- send_request(conn, "POST", path, headers, :stream) do
+      case HTTP.stream_request_body(conn, ref, statement) do
+        {:ok, conn} -> {:ok, query, ref, conn}
+        {:error, conn, reason} -> {:disconnect, reason, conn}
       end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def handle_execute(%Query{} = query, {:stream, ref, body}, opts, conn) do
+    case HTTP.stream_request_body(conn, ref, body) do
+      {:ok, conn} ->
+        case body do
+          :eof ->
+            with {:ok, conn, responses} <- receive_full_response(conn, timeout(conn, opts)) do
+              {:ok, query, responses, conn}
+            end
+
+          _other ->
+            {:ok, query, ref, conn}
+        end
+
+      {:error, conn, reason} ->
+        {:disconnect, reason, conn}
+    end
+  end
+
+  def handle_execute(%Query{statement: statement} = query, params, opts, conn)
+      when is_list(statement) or is_binary(statement) do
+    {query_params, extra_headers} = params
+
+    path = path(conn, query_params, opts)
+    headers = headers(conn, extra_headers, opts)
 
-    with {:ok, conn, responses} <- result do
+    with {:ok, conn, responses} <- request(conn, "POST", path, headers, statement, opts) do
       {:ok, query, responses, conn}
     end
   end
@@ -226,40 +252,6 @@ defmodule Ch.Connection do
     end
   end
 
-  @spec request_chunked(
-          conn,
-          method :: String.t(),
-          path :: String.t(),
-          Mint.Types.headers(),
-          body :: Enumerable.t(),
-          [Ch.query_option()]
-        ) ::
-          {:ok, conn, [response]}
-          | {:error, Error.t(), conn}
-          | {:disconnect, Mint.Types.error(), conn}
-  def request_chunked(conn, method, path, headers, stream, opts) do
-    with {:ok, conn, ref} <- send_request(conn, method, path, headers, :stream),
-         {:ok, conn} <- stream_body(conn, ref, stream),
-         do: receive_full_response(conn, timeout(conn, opts))
-  end
-
-  @spec stream_body(conn, Mint.Types.request_ref(), Enumerable.t()) ::
-          {:ok, conn} | {:disconnect, Mint.Types.error(), conn}
-  defp stream_body(conn, ref, stream) do
-    result =
-      stream
-      |> Stream.concat([:eof])
-      |> Enum.reduce_while({:ok, conn}, fn
-        chunk, {:ok, conn} -> {:cont, HTTP.stream_request_body(conn, ref, chunk)}
-        _chunk, {:error, _conn, _reason} = error -> {:halt, error}
-      end)
-
-    case result do
-      {:ok, _conn} = ok -> ok
-      {:error, conn, reason} -> {:disconnect, reason, conn}
-    end
-  end
-
   # stacktrace is a bit cleaner with this function inlined
   @compile inline: [send_request: 5]
   defp send_request(conn, method, path, headers, body) do
diff --git a/lib/ch/query.ex b/lib/ch/query.ex
index 2f850d4..3fa2de8 100644
--- a/lib/ch/query.ex
+++ b/lib/ch/query.ex
@@ -78,12 +78,26 @@ defimpl DBConnection.Query, for: Ch.Query do
 
   @spec encode(Query.t(), Ch.params(), [Ch.query_option()]) ::
           {Ch.Query.params(), Mint.Types.headers()}
-  def encode(%Query{}, params, opts) do
+  def encode(%Query{}, params, opts) when is_list(params) or is_map(params) do
     format = Keyword.get(opts, :format, "RowBinaryWithNamesAndTypes")
     headers = Keyword.get(opts, :headers, [])
     {query_params(params), [{"x-clickhouse-format", format} | headers]}
   end
 
+  # stream: insert init
+  @spec encode(Query.t(), {:stream, Ch.params()}, [Ch.query_option()]) ::
+          {:stream, {Ch.Query.params(), Mint.Types.headers()}}
+  def encode(query, {:stream, params}, opts) do
+    {:stream, encode(query, params, opts)}
+  end
+
+  # stream: insert data chunk
+  @spec encode(Query.t(), {:stream, Mint.Types.request_ref(), iodata | :eof}, [Ch.query_option()]) ::
+          {:stream, Mint.Types.request_ref(), iodata | :eof}
+  def encode(_query, {:stream, ref, data}, _opts) do
+    {:stream, ref, data}
+  end
+
   @spec decode(Query.t(), [response], [Ch.query_option()]) :: Result.t()
         when response: Mint.Types.status() | Mint.Types.headers() | binary
   def decode(%Query{command: command}, responses, opts) when is_list(responses) do
@@ -110,8 +124,10 @@ defimpl DBConnection.Query, for: Ch.Query do
     end
   end
 
-  # stream result
+  # stream: select result
   def decode(_query, %Result{} = result, _opts), do: result
+  # stream: insert result
+  def decode(_query, ref, _opts) when is_reference(ref), do: ref
 
   defp get_header(headers, key) do
     case List.keyfind(headers, key, 0) do
diff --git a/lib/ch/stream.ex b/lib/ch/stream.ex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6569782
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/ch/stream.ex
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+defmodule Ch.Stream do
+  @moduledoc false
+
+  @derive {Inspect, only: []}
+  defstruct [:conn, :ref, :query, :params, :opts]
+
+  @type t :: %__MODULE__{
+          conn: DBConnection.conn(),
+          ref: Mint.Types.request_ref() | nil,
+          query: Ch.Query.t(),
+          params: Ch.params(),
+          opts: [Ch.query_option()]
+        }
+
+  defimpl Enumerable do
+    def reduce(stream, acc, fun) do
+      %Ch.Stream{conn: conn, query: query, params: params, opts: opts} = stream
+      stream = %DBConnection.Stream{conn: conn, query: query, params: params, opts: opts}
+      DBConnection.reduce(stream, acc, fun)
+    end
+
+    def member?(_, _), do: {:error, __MODULE__}
+    def count(_), do: {:error, __MODULE__}
+    def slice(_), do: {:error, __MODULE__}
+  end
+
+  defimpl Collectable do
+    def into(stream) do
+      %Ch.Stream{conn: conn, query: query, params: params, opts: opts} = stream
+      ref = DBConnection.execute!(conn, query, {:stream, params}, opts)
+      {%{stream | ref: ref}, &collect/2}
+    end
+
+    defp collect(%{conn: conn, query: query, ref: ref} = stream, {:cont, data}) do
+      ^ref = DBConnection.execute!(conn, query, {:stream, ref, data})
+      stream
+    end
+
+    defp collect(%{conn: conn, query: query, ref: ref}, eof) when eof in [:halt, :done] do
+      DBConnection.execute!(conn, query, {:stream, ref, :eof})
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/ch/connection_test.exs b/test/ch/connection_test.exs
index 729d873..c045756 100644
--- a/test/ch/connection_test.exs
+++ b/test/ch/connection_test.exs
@@ -258,11 +258,13 @@ defmodule Ch.ConnectionTest do
         |> Stream.chunk_every(2)
         |> Stream.map(fn chunk -> RowBinary.encode_rows(chunk, types) end)
 
-      assert {:ok, %{num_rows: 3}} =
-               Ch.query(
-                 conn,
-                 Stream.concat(["insert into #{table}(a, b) format RowBinary\n"], row_binary)
-               )
+      assert %{num_rows: 3} =
+               DBConnection.run(conn, fn conn ->
+                 Enum.into(
+                   row_binary,
+                   Ch.stream(conn, "insert into #{table}(a, b) format RowBinary\n")
+                 )
+               end)
 
       assert {:ok, %{rows: rows}} =
                Ch.query(conn, "select * from {table:Identifier}", %{"table" => table})
diff --git a/test/ch/faults_test.exs b/test/ch/faults_test.exs
index bdf8d34..dc09bb8 100644
--- a/test/ch/faults_test.exs
+++ b/test/ch/faults_test.exs
@@ -356,14 +356,17 @@ defmodule Ch.FaultsTest do
           :ok = :gen_tcp.close(mint)
 
           spawn_link(fn ->
-            assert {:error, %Mint.TransportError{reason: :closed}} =
-                     Ch.query(
-                       conn,
-                       Stream.concat(
-                         ["insert into unknown_table(a,b) format RowBinary\n"],
-                         stream
-                       )
-                     )
+            try do
+              DBConnection.run(conn, fn conn ->
+                Enum.into(
+                  stream,
+                  Ch.stream(conn, "insert into unknown_table(a,b) format RowBinary\n")
+                )
+              end)
+            rescue
+              e in [DBConnection.ConnectionError, Mint.TransportError] ->
+                assert Exception.message(e) =~ "closed"
+            end
           end)
 
           # reconnect
@@ -374,16 +377,14 @@ defmodule Ch.FaultsTest do
           :ok = :gen_tcp.send(mint, intercept_packets(clickhouse))
 
           spawn_link(fn ->
-            assert {:error, %Ch.Error{code: 60, message: message}} =
-                     Ch.query(
-                       conn,
-                       Stream.concat(
-                         ["insert into unknown_table(a,b) format RowBinary\n"],
-                         stream
-                       )
-                     )
-
-            assert message =~ ~r/UNKNOWN_TABLE/
+            assert_raise Ch.Error, ~r/UNKNOWN_TABLE/, fn ->
+              DBConnection.run(conn, fn conn ->
+                Enum.into(
+                  stream,
+                  Ch.stream(conn, "insert into unknown_table(a,b) format RowBinary\n")
+                )
+              end)
+            end
 
             send(test, :done)
           end)
@@ -417,14 +418,17 @@ defmodule Ch.FaultsTest do
           :ok = :gen_tcp.send(mint, intercept_packets(clickhouse))
 
           spawn_link(fn ->
-            assert {:error, %Mint.TransportError{reason: :closed}} =
-                     Ch.query(
-                       conn,
-                       Stream.concat(
-                         ["insert into unknown_table(a,b) format RowBinary\n"],
-                         stream
-                       )
-                     )
+            try do
+              DBConnection.run(conn, fn conn ->
+                Enum.into(
+                  stream,
+                  Ch.stream(conn, "insert into unknown_table(a,b) format RowBinary\n")
+                )
+              end)
+            rescue
+              e in [DBConnection.ConnectionError, Mint.TransportError] ->
+                assert Exception.message(e) =~ "closed"
+            end
           end)
 
           # close after first packet from mint arrives
@@ -439,16 +443,14 @@ defmodule Ch.FaultsTest do
           :ok = :gen_tcp.send(mint, intercept_packets(clickhouse))
 
           spawn_link(fn ->
-            assert {:error, %Ch.Error{code: 60, message: message}} =
-                     Ch.query(
-                       conn,
-                       Stream.concat(
-                         ["insert into unknown_table(a,b) format RowBinary\n"],
-                         stream
-                       )
-                     )
-
-            assert message =~ ~r/UNKNOWN_TABLE/
+            assert_raise Ch.Error, ~r/UNKNOWN_TABLE/, fn ->
+              DBConnection.run(conn, fn conn ->
+                Enum.into(
+                  stream,
+                  Ch.stream(conn, "insert into unknown_table(a,b) format RowBinary\n")
+                )
+              end)
+            end
 
             send(test, :done)
           end)
diff --git a/test/ch/stream_test.exs b/test/ch/stream_test.exs
index 405398d..7d0fa84 100644
--- a/test/ch/stream_test.exs
+++ b/test/ch/stream_test.exs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ defmodule Ch.StreamTest do
     {:ok, conn: start_supervised!({Ch, database: Ch.Test.database()})}
   end
 
-  describe "Ch.stream/4" do
+  describe "enumerable Ch.stream/4" do
     test "emits %Ch.Result{}", %{conn: conn} do
       count = 1_000_000
 
@@ -37,4 +37,21 @@ defmodule Ch.StreamTest do
                    end
     end
   end
+
+  describe "collectable Ch.stream/4" do
+    test "inserts chunks", %{conn: conn} do
+      Ch.query!(conn, "create table collect_stream(i UInt64) engine Memory")
+
+      assert %Ch.Result{command: :insert, num_rows: 1_000_000} =
+               DBConnection.run(conn, fn conn ->
+                 Stream.repeatedly(fn -> [:rand.uniform(100)] end)
+                 |> Stream.chunk_every(100_000)
+                 |> Stream.map(fn chunk -> RowBinary.encode_rows(chunk, _types = ["UInt64"]) end)
+                 |> Stream.take(10)
+                 |> Enum.into(Ch.stream(conn, "insert into collect_stream(i) format RowBinary\n"))
+               end)
+
+      assert Ch.query!(conn, "select count(*) from collect_stream").rows == [[1_000_000]]
+    end
+  end
 end