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Overview

This document explains the development process of PolarDB-X, covering code compilation, deployment and other processes.

Note: This document is mainly for CentOS 7 and Ubuntu 20, other Linux distributions have similar processes.

Before Starting

On your computer, get the source code of PolarDB-X from github repositories:

PolarDB-X Engine

PolarDB-X SQL

PolarDB-X Glue

PolarDB-X CDC

Check out the main branch of each repository.

Compiling PolarDB-X Data Node (PolarDB-X Engine)

Install dependencies on CentOS7

yum install cmake3
ln -s /usr/bin/cmake3 /usr/bin/cmake


# Install GCC7
yum install centos-release-scl
yum install devtoolset-7-gcc devtoolset-7-gcc-c++ devtoolset-7-binutils
echo "source /opt/rh/devtoolset-7/enable" >>/etc/profile

# Install dependencies
yum install make automake git openssl-devel ncurses-devel bison libaio-devel

Install dependencies on Ubuntu20

# Install GCC7
apt install -y gcc-7 g++-7
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-7 60 \
                         --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-7 
update-alternatives --config gcc
gcc --version
g++ --version


# Install dependencies
apt install make automake cmake git bison libaio-dev libncurses-dev libsasl2-dev libldap2-dev libssl-dev pkg-config

Compile && Install

# enter polardbx-engine directory
cd polardbx-engine

# install boost 1.70 (Note: Put boost into the repository to avoid downloading)
wget https://boostorg.jfrog.io/artifactory/main/release/1.70.0/source/boost_1_70_0.tar.gz
mkdir extra/boost
cp boost_1_70_0.tar.gz extra/boost/

# compile & install
# for more information, see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/source-configuration-options.html
cmake .                               	\
    -DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=ON           \
    -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="Debug"          \
    -DSYSCONFDIR="/u01/mysql"           \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="/u01/mysql" \
    -DMYSQL_DATADIR="/u01/mysql/data"   \
    -DWITH_BOOST="./extra/boost/boost_1_70_0.tar.gz" 
make -j8
make install

Compiling PolarDB-X Compute Node (PolarDB-X SQL & PolarDB-X Glue)

# install JDK 1.8 and Maven 3

# make sure polardbx-rpc (polardbx-glue) initialized
git submodule update --init

# enter the polardbx-sql directory 
cd polardbx-sql/

# compile&install
mvn install -D maven.test.skip=true -D env=release 

# prepare to run polardb-x
tar zxvf target/polardbx-server-*-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz

Compiling PolarDB-X CDC (PolarDB-X CDC)

cd polardbx-cdc

# compile&install
mvn install -D maven.test.skip=true -D env=release 

# prepare to run CDC
tar zxvf polardbx-cdc-assemble/target/polardbx-binlog*.tar.gz

Start PolarDB-X DN

NOTE: PolarDB-X Engine is a derivative work of MySQL, the following will use mysql and polardbx-engine without distinction

  • This step starts a mysql process that acts as the metadb and DN
  • Refer to the mysql configuration file (my.cnf) in the appendix to modify it accordingly. By default, 4886 is used as mysql port and 32886 as private protocol port
  • By default, /u01/my3306 is used as mysql data directory, you can change it to other directory

NOTE：You should start DN under account other than root

Start MySQL：

mkdir -p /u01/my3306/{data,log,run,tmp,mysql}
/u01/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=my.cnf --initialize-insecure
/u01/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=my.cnf

Start PolarDB-X CN

Once the mysql process is started, PolarDB-X can be initialized and the following configurations need to be prepared:

  • metadb user：my_polarx
  • metadb database: polardbx_meta_db_polardbx
  • dnPasswordKey： asdf1234ghjk5678
  • PolarDB-X default root user：polardbx_root
  • PolarDB-X default password：123456, you can reset it by -S

NOTE：You should start CN under account other than root

update conf/server.properties:

# PolarDB-X Port
serverPort=8527
# PolarDB-X RPC Port
rpcPort=9090
 # MetaDB Address
metaDbAddr=127.0.0.1:4886
# MetaDB X-Protocol Port
metaDbXprotoPort=32886
# MetaDB account
metaDbUser=my_polarx
metaDbName=polardbx_meta_db_polardbx
# PolarDB-X Instance Name
instanceId=polardbx-polardbx

Initialize PolarDB-X:

  • -I: Initialization mode
  • -P: dnPasswordKey
  • -d: DataNode's address list, in standalone mode, is the port and address of the previously started mysql process
  • -r: metadb password
  • -u: PolarDB-X root user
  • -S: PolarDB-X root user password
bin/startup.sh \
	-I \
	-P asdf1234ghjk5678 \
    -d 127.0.0.1:4886:32886 \
    -r "" \
    -u polardbx_root \
    -S "123456"

This step generates the internal and encrypted passwords, which need to be filled in the configuration file conf/server.properties for subsequent access:

Generate password for user: my_polarx && M8%V5%K9^$5%oY0%yC0+&1!J7@8+R6)
Encrypted password: DB84u4UkU/OYlMzu3aj9NFdknvxYgedFiW9z59bVnoc=
Root user for polarx with password: polardbx_root && 123456
Encrypted password for polarx: H1AzXc2NmCs61dNjH5nMvA==
======== Paste following configurations to conf/server.properties ! ======= 
metaDbPasswd=HMqvkvXZtT7XedA6t2IWY8+D7fJWIJir/mIY1Nf1b58=

Final Step, Run PolarDB-X:

bin/startup.sh -P asdf1234ghjk5678

Connect to PolarDB-X to verify, if you can connect, it means the database is started successfully, try some SQLs.

mysql -h127.1 -P8527 -upolardbx_root

Run PolarDB-X CDC

After the PolarDB-X is running, the PolarDB-X CDC component can be initialized, and the following configurations need to be prepared.

  • metadb user：same as before my_polarx
  • metadb database: same as before polardbx_meta_db_polardbx
  • metadb password：same as before
  • metadb port：same as before 3306
  • dnPasswordKey：same as before asdf1234ghjk5678
  • PolarDB-X user：same as before polardbx_root
  • PolarDB-X password：encrypted password of polarx H1AzXc2NmCs61dNjH5nMvA==
  • PolarDB-X Port：same as before 8527
  • Max allocatable memory for cdc：the size, in MB, stands for memory limitation of cdc, see as 16000 in example below

NOTE：You should start CDC under account other than root

Modify the configuration file conf/config.properties and replace ${HOME} in the following example with the current user's home directory, e.g. /home/mysql

useEncryptedPassword=true
polardbx.instance.id=polardbx-polardbx
mem_size=16000
metaDb_url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:4886/polardbx_meta_db_polardbx?useSSL=false
metaDb_username=my_polarx
metaDbPasswd=HMqvkvXZtT7XedA6t2IWY8+D7fJWIJir/mIY1Nf1b58=
polarx_url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:8527/__cdc__
polarx_username=polardbx_root
polarx_password=H1AzXc2NmCs61dNjH5nMvA==
dnPasswordKey=asdf1234ghjk5678
storage.persistBasePath=${HOME}/logs/rocksdb
binlog.dir.path=${HOME}/binlog/

Next, you can start the CDC daemon process with the command shown below. After starting, check the process status by jps command, CDC will have 3 processes, namely DaemonBootStrap, TaskBootStrap and DumperBootStrap. The system log of CDC will be output to ${HOME}/logs directory, and the global binary log will be output to directory configured by binlog.dir.path.

bin/daemon.sh start

Connect to PolarDB-X, do some DDL or DML operations, then execute SHOW BINARY LOGS and SHOW BINLOG EVENTS commands to verify the global binlog, enjoy it!

Appendix

mysql configuration file

[mysqld]
socket = /u01/my3306/run/mysql.sock
datadir = /u01/my3306/data
tmpdir = /u01/my3306/tmp
log-bin = /u01/my3306/mysql/mysql-bin.log
log-bin-index = /u01/my3306/mysql/mysql-bin.index
# log-error = /u01/my3306/mysql/master-error.log
relay-log = /u01/my3306/mysql/slave-relay.log
relay-log-info-file = /u01/my3306/mysql/slave-relay-log.info
relay-log-index = /u01/my3306/mysql/slave-relay-log.index
master-info-file = /u01/my3306/mysql/master.info
slow_query_log_file = /u01/my3306/mysql/slow_query.log
innodb_data_home_dir = /u01/my3306/mysql
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /u01/my3306/mysql

port = 4886
loose_polarx_port = 32886
loose_galaxyx_port = 32886
loose_polarx_max_connections = 5000

loose_server_id = 476984231
loose_cluster-info = 127.0.0.1:14886@1
loose_cluster-id = 5431
loose_enable_gts = 1
loose_innodb_undo_retention=1800



core-file
loose_log_sql_info=1
loose_log_sql_info_index=1
loose_indexstat=1
loose_tablestat=1
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

# close 5.6 variables for 5.5
binlog_checksum=CRC32
log_bin_use_v1_row_events=on
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=OFF
binlog_row_image=FULL
binlog_rows_query_log_events=ON
binlog_stmt_cache_size=32768

#innodb
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:100M;ibdata2:200M:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_log_files_in_group=4
innodb_log_file_size=200M
innodb_log_buffer_size=200M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=20M #deprecated in 5.6
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=60
innodb_io_capacity_max=10000
innodb_io_capacity=6000
innodb_thread_concurrency=64
innodb_read_io_threads=8
innodb_write_io_threads=8
innodb_open_files=615350
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_change_buffering=none
innodb_adaptive_flushing=1
#innodb_adaptive_flushing_method=keep_average #percona
#innodb_adaptive_hash_index_partitions=1      #percona
#innodb_fast_checksum=1                       #percona
#innodb_lazy_drop_table=0                     #percona
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_use_native_aio=1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=50
innodb_rollback_on_timeout=0
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_strict_mode=1
#transaction-isolation=READ-COMMITTED
innodb_disable_sort_file_cache=ON
innodb_lru_scan_depth=2048
innodb_flush_neighbors=0
innodb_sync_array_size=16
innodb_print_all_deadlocks
innodb_checksum_algorithm=CRC32
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm=10
innodb_buffer_pool_size=500M

#myisam
concurrent_insert=2
delayed_insert_timeout=300

#replication
slave_type_conversions="ALL_NON_LOSSY"
slave_net_timeout=4
skip-slave-start=OFF
sync_master_info=10000
sync_relay_log_info=1
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_recovery=0
slave_exec_mode=STRICT
#slave_parallel_type=DATABASE
slave_parallel_type=LOGICAL_CLOCK
loose_slave_pr_mode=TABLE
slave-parallel-workers=32

#binlog
server_id=193317851
binlog_cache_size=32K
max_binlog_cache_size=2147483648
loose_consensus_large_trx=ON
max_binlog_size=500M
max_relay_log_size=500M
relay_log_purge=OFF
binlog-format=ROW
sync_binlog=1
sync_relay_log=1
log-slave-updates=0
expire_logs_days=0
rpl_stop_slave_timeout=300
slave_checkpoint_group=1024
slave_checkpoint_period=300
slave_pending_jobs_size_max=1073741824
slave_rows_search_algorithms='TABLE_SCAN,INDEX_SCAN'
slave_sql_verify_checksum=OFF
master_verify_checksum=OFF

# parallel replay
binlog_transaction_dependency_tracking = WRITESET
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64


#gtid
gtid_mode=OFF
enforce_gtid_consistency=OFF

loose_consensus-io-thread_cnt=8
loose_consensus-worker-thread_cnt=8
loose_consensus_max_delay_index=10000
loose_consensus-election-timeout=10000
loose_consensus_max_packet_size=131072
loose_consensus_max_log_size=20M
loose_consensus_auto_leader_transfer=ON
loose_consensus_log_cache_size=536870912
loose_consensus_prefetch_cache_size=268435456
loose_consensus_prefetch_window_size=100
loose_consensus_auto_reset_match_index=ON
loose_cluster-mts-recover-use-index=ON
loose_async_commit_thread_count=128
loose_replicate-same-server-id=on
loose_commit_lock_done_count=1
loose_binlog_order_commits=OFF
loose_cluster-log-type-node=OFF

#thread pool
# thread_pool_size=32
# thread_pool_stall_limit=30
# thread_pool_oversubscribe=10
# thread_handling=pool-of-threads

#server
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
skip-external-locking
open_files_limit=615350
safe-user-create
local-infile=1
sql_mode='NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
performance_schema=0


log_slow_admin_statements=1
loose_log_slow_verbosity=full
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log=0
general_log=0
loose_rds_check_core_file_enabled=ON

table_definition_cache=32768
eq_range_index_dive_limit=200
table_open_cache_instances=16
table_open_cache=32768

thread_stack=1024k
binlog_cache_size=32K
net_buffer_length=16384
thread_cache_size=256
read_rnd_buffer_size=128K
sort_buffer_size=256K
join_buffer_size=128K
read_buffer_size=128K

# skip-name-resolve
#skip-ssl
max_connections=36000
max_user_connections=35000
max_connect_errors=65536
max_allowed_packet=1073741824
connect_timeout=8
net_read_timeout=30
net_write_timeout=60
back_log=1024

loose_boost_pk_access=1
log_queries_not_using_indexes=0
log_timestamps=SYSTEM
innodb_read_ahead_threshold=0

loose_io_state=1
loose_use_myfs=0
loose_daemon_memcached_values_delimiter=':;:'
loose_daemon_memcached_option="-t 32 -c 8000 -p15506"

innodb_doublewrite=1