diff --git a/noxfile.py b/noxfile.py
index 278ed3f2..27119224 100644
--- a/noxfile.py
+++ b/noxfile.py
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def lint(session):
 
 @nox.session
 def test(session):
-    session.install("-e", ".[test]")
+    session.install("-e", ".", "-r", "tests/requirements.txt")
 
     args = session.posargs or ["-n", "auto", "--cov", PACKAGE_NAME]
     session.run("pytest", *args)
diff --git a/tests/requirements.txt b/tests/requirements.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..db8d24ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+pytest
+pytest-cov
+pytest-xdist
+
+httpx
+tomli
+packaging
diff --git a/tests/workflow/test_sphinx_versions.py b/tests/workflow/test_sphinx_versions.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5bc60f61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/workflow/test_sphinx_versions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+"""Test builds against different versions of Sphinx."""
+
+import subprocess
+import venv
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Iterable
+
+import httpx
+import pytest
+import tomli
+from packaging.requirements import Requirement
+from packaging.version import Version
+
+REPO_ROOT_DIR = Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent
+
+
+def determine_matching_sphinx_versions() -> Iterable[str]:
+    # Determine the compatibility declared in pyproject.toml
+    pyproject_toml = (REPO_ROOT_DIR / "pyproject.toml").read_text()
+
+    parsed = tomli.loads(pyproject_toml)
+    for dependency in parsed["project"]["dependencies"]:
+        if dependency.lower().startswith("sphinx "):
+            break
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("No Sphinx dependency found in pyproject.toml")
+
+    # Determine the Sphinx versions that are available on PyPI
+    response = httpx.get(
+        "https://pypi.org/simple/sphinx/",
+        headers={"Accept": "application/vnd.pypi.simple.v1+json"},
+    )
+    response.raise_for_status()
+    all_sphinx_versions = [Version(v) for v in response.json()["versions"]]
+
+    # Filter according to the declared compatibility
+    matching_versions = Requirement(dependency).specifier.filter(all_sphinx_versions)
+
+    # Determine the latest version of each minor release
+    latest_minor_versions = {}
+    for version in matching_versions:
+        minor_for_this = version.release[:2]
+        if minor_for_this not in latest_minor_versions:
+            latest_minor_versions[minor_for_this] = version
+        elif version > latest_minor_versions[minor_for_this]:
+            latest_minor_versions[minor_for_this] = version
+
+    yield from map(str, sorted(latest_minor_versions.values()))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sphinx_version", determine_matching_sphinx_versions())
+def test_builds_with_sphinx_version(tmp_path: Path, sphinx_version: str) -> None:
+    # GIVEN
+    docs_output_dir = tmp_path / "build"
+    venv_dir = tmp_path / "venv"
+    builder = venv.EnvBuilder(with_pip=True)
+
+    context = builder.ensure_directories(venv_dir)
+    builder.create(venv_dir)
+
+    subprocess.run(
+        [
+            context.env_exe,
+            "-m",
+            "pip",
+            "install",
+            "--disable-pip-version-check",
+            f"sphinx=={sphinx_version}",
+        ],
+        check=True,
+    )
+    subprocess.run(
+        [
+            # fmt: off
+            context.env_exe,
+            "-m",
+            "pip",
+            "install",
+            "--disable-pip-version-check",
+            "-e", ".",
+            "-r", "docs/requirements.txt",
+            # fmt: on
+        ],
+        check=True,
+        cwd=REPO_ROOT_DIR,
+    )
+
+    # WHEN
+    subprocess.run(
+        [
+            context.env_exe,
+            "-m",
+            "sphinx",
+            "-b=dirhtml",
+            "docs/",
+            docs_output_dir,
+        ],
+        check=True,
+        cwd=REPO_ROOT_DIR,
+    )
+
+    # THEN
+    subprocess.run(["tree", docs_output_dir], check=False)
+    assert (docs_output_dir / "index.html").exists()