This error seems to be typical of Debian derivatives. It is possible that it is a buggy package or some other unknown error. To fix it just install the following package:
sudo apt install -y firmware-sof-signed
Both audio and internal mic should work after restart your machine.
According to Barabazs it seems some second gen laptops are having issues with external speakers. We actually do not know why this happens, however Barabazs found a solution by disabling the internal mic. In order to do apply this patch:
Open your favorite editor and append this line snd_hda_intel.dmic_detect=0 inside the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT entry on /etc/default/grub config file
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash ... snd_hda_intel.dmic_detect=0"
Then rebuild your GRUB and restart your machine
sudo update-grub && reboot