[v24.2.x] [CORE-7851] Adjust cipher strings to include ECDSA ciphers

[vbotbuildovich]

Backport #24191 to branch v24.2.x. This issue was created as a placeholder because the original PR's commit(s) could not be automatically cherry-picked.
Here are the commands to execute:

git checkout v24.2.x
git checkout -b manual-backport-24191-v24.2.x-406
git cherry-pick -x f0c141b863 1760e8d156

git push origin manual-backport-24191-v24.2.x-406
gh pr create \
  --title "[v24.2.x] [CORE-7851] Adjust cipher strings to include ECDSA ciphers" \
  --base "v24.2.x" \
  --label "kind/backport" \
  --head "manual-backport-24191-v24.2.x-406" \
  --draft \
  --repo "redpanda-data/redpanda" \
  --milestone "v24.2.x-next" \
  --body "Backport of PR https://github.com/redpanda-data/redpanda/pull/24191 "

[CORE-7851]: https://redpandadata.atlassian.net/browse/CORE-7851?atlOrigin=eyJpIjoiNWRkNTljNzYxNjVmNDY3MDlhMDU5Y2ZhYzA5YTRkZjUiLCJwIjoiZ2l0aHViLWNvbS1KU1cifQ