diff --git a/core/blockchain.go b/core/blockchain.go
index a1d402517dad..80f8ba76f121 100644
--- a/core/blockchain.go
+++ b/core/blockchain.go
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ const (
 	BlockChainVersion uint64 = 8
 )
 
-// CacheConfig contains the configuration values for the trie caching/pruning
+// CacheConfig contains the configuration values for the trie database
 // that's resident in a blockchain.
 type CacheConfig struct {
 	TrieCleanLimit      int           // Memory allowance (MB) to use for caching trie nodes in memory
@@ -1408,7 +1408,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) writeBlockAndSetHead(block *types.Block, receipts []*types
 		if len(logs) > 0 {
 			bc.logsFeed.Send(logs)
 		}
-		// In theory we should fire a ChainHeadEvent when we inject
+		// In theory, we should fire a ChainHeadEvent when we inject
 		// a canonical block, but sometimes we can insert a batch of
 		// canonical blocks. Avoid firing too many ChainHeadEvents,
 		// we will fire an accumulated ChainHeadEvent and disable fire
diff --git a/core/blockchain_test.go b/core/blockchain_test.go
index 418844cdf502..85e0d5980a74 100644
--- a/core/blockchain_test.go
+++ b/core/blockchain_test.go
@@ -4007,3 +4007,89 @@ func TestTxIndexer(t *testing.T) {
 		os.RemoveAll(frdir)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestCreateThenDeletePreByzantium(t *testing.T) {
+	// We use Ropsten chain config instead of Testchain config, this is
+	// deliberate: we want to use pre-byz rules where we have intermediate state roots
+	// between transactions.
+	testCreateThenDelete(t, params.RopstenChainConfig)
+}
+func TestCreateThenDeletePostByzantium(t *testing.T) {
+	testCreateThenDelete(t, params.TestChainConfig)
+}
+
+// testCreateThenDelete tests a creation and subsequent deletion of a contract, happening
+// within the same block.
+func testCreateThenDelete(t *testing.T, config *params.ChainConfig) {
+	var (
+		engine = ethash.NewFaker()
+		// A sender who makes transactions, has some funds
+		key, _      = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
+		address     = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
+		destAddress = crypto.CreateAddress(address, 0)
+		funds       = big.NewInt(1000000000000000)
+	)
+
+	// runtime code is 	0x60ffff : PUSH1 0xFF SELFDESTRUCT, a.k.a SELFDESTRUCT(0xFF)
+	code := append([]byte{0x60, 0xff, 0xff}, make([]byte, 32-3)...)
+	initCode := []byte{
+		// SSTORE 1:1
+		byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x1,
+		byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x1,
+		byte(vm.SSTORE),
+		// Get the runtime-code on the stack
+		byte(vm.PUSH32)}
+	initCode = append(initCode, code...)
+	initCode = append(initCode, []byte{
+		byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0, // offset
+		byte(vm.MSTORE),
+		byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x3, // size
+		byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0, // offset
+		byte(vm.RETURN), // return 3 bytes of zero-code
+	}...)
+	gspec := &Genesis{
+		Config: config,
+		Alloc: GenesisAlloc{
+			address: {Balance: funds},
+		},
+	}
+	nonce := uint64(0)
+	signer := types.HomesteadSigner{}
+	_, blocks, _ := GenerateChainWithGenesis(gspec, engine, 2, func(i int, b *BlockGen) {
+		fee := big.NewInt(1)
+		if b.header.BaseFee != nil {
+			fee = b.header.BaseFee
+		}
+		b.SetCoinbase(common.Address{1})
+		tx, _ := types.SignNewTx(key, signer, &types.LegacyTx{
+			Nonce:    nonce,
+			GasPrice: new(big.Int).Set(fee),
+			Gas:      100000,
+			Data:     initCode,
+		})
+		nonce++
+		b.AddTx(tx)
+		tx, _ = types.SignNewTx(key, signer, &types.LegacyTx{
+			Nonce:    nonce,
+			GasPrice: new(big.Int).Set(fee),
+			Gas:      100000,
+			To:       &destAddress,
+		})
+		b.AddTx(tx)
+		nonce++
+	})
+	// Import the canonical chain
+	chain, err := NewBlockChain(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), nil, gspec, nil, engine, vm.Config{
+		//Debug:  true,
+		//Tracer: logger.NewJSONLogger(nil, os.Stdout),
+	}, nil, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create tester chain: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Import the blocks
+	for _, block := range blocks {
+		if _, err := chain.InsertChain([]*types.Block{block}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("block %d: failed to insert into chain: %v", block.NumberU64(), err)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/core/rawdb/ancient_scheme.go b/core/rawdb/ancient_scheme.go
index 3da061cbd977..047b504a24bc 100644
--- a/core/rawdb/ancient_scheme.go
+++ b/core/rawdb/ancient_scheme.go
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 package rawdb
 
-import "fmt"
-
 // The list of table names of chain freezer.
 const (
 	// chainFreezerHeaderTable indicates the name of the freezer header table.
@@ -53,34 +51,3 @@ var (
 
 // freezers the collections of all builtin freezers.
 var freezers = []string{chainFreezerName}
-
-// InspectFreezerTable dumps out the index of a specific freezer table. The passed
-// ancient indicates the path of root ancient directory where the chain freezer can
-// be opened. Start and end specify the range for dumping out indexes.
-// Note this function can only be used for debugging purposes.
-func InspectFreezerTable(ancient string, freezerName string, tableName string, start, end int64) error {
-	var (
-		path   string
-		tables map[string]bool
-	)
-	switch freezerName {
-	case chainFreezerName:
-		path, tables = resolveChainFreezerDir(ancient), chainFreezerNoSnappy
-	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("unknown freezer, supported ones: %v", freezers)
-	}
-	noSnappy, exist := tables[tableName]
-	if !exist {
-		var names []string
-		for name := range tables {
-			names = append(names, name)
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("unknown table, supported ones: %v", names)
-	}
-	table, err := newFreezerTable(path, tableName, noSnappy, true)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	table.dumpIndexStdout(start, end)
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/core/rawdb/ancient_utils.go b/core/rawdb/ancient_utils.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..363a911aeea7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/rawdb/ancient_utils.go
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package rawdb
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
+)
+
+type tableSize struct {
+	name string
+	size common.StorageSize
+}
+
+// freezerInfo contains the basic information of the freezer.
+type freezerInfo struct {
+	name  string      // The identifier of freezer
+	head  uint64      // The number of last stored item in the freezer
+	tail  uint64      // The number of first stored item in the freezer
+	sizes []tableSize // The storage size per table
+}
+
+// count returns the number of stored items in the freezer.
+func (info *freezerInfo) count() uint64 {
+	return info.head - info.tail + 1
+}
+
+// size returns the storage size of the entire freezer.
+func (info *freezerInfo) size() common.StorageSize {
+	var total common.StorageSize
+	for _, table := range info.sizes {
+		total += table.size
+	}
+	return total
+}
+
+// inspectFreezers inspects all freezers registered in the system.
+func inspectFreezers(db ethdb.Database) ([]freezerInfo, error) {
+	var infos []freezerInfo
+	for _, freezer := range freezers {
+		switch freezer {
+		case chainFreezerName:
+			// Chain ancient store is a bit special. It's always opened along
+			// with the key-value store, inspect the chain store directly.
+			info := freezerInfo{name: freezer}
+			// Retrieve storage size of every contained table.
+			for table := range chainFreezerNoSnappy {
+				size, err := db.AncientSize(table)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				info.sizes = append(info.sizes, tableSize{name: table, size: common.StorageSize(size)})
+			}
+			// Retrieve the number of last stored item
+			ancients, err := db.Ancients()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			info.head = ancients - 1
+
+			// Retrieve the number of first stored item
+			tail, err := db.Tail()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			info.tail = tail
+			infos = append(infos, info)
+
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown freezer, supported ones: %v", freezers)
+		}
+	}
+	return infos, nil
+}
+
+// InspectFreezerTable dumps out the index of a specific freezer table. The passed
+// ancient indicates the path of root ancient directory where the chain freezer can
+// be opened. Start and end specify the range for dumping out indexes.
+// Note this function can only be used for debugging purposes.
+func InspectFreezerTable(ancient string, freezerName string, tableName string, start, end int64) error {
+	var (
+		path   string
+		tables map[string]bool
+	)
+	switch freezerName {
+	case chainFreezerName:
+		path, tables = resolveChainFreezerDir(ancient), chainFreezerNoSnappy
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown freezer, supported ones: %v", freezers)
+	}
+	noSnappy, exist := tables[tableName]
+	if !exist {
+		var names []string
+		for name := range tables {
+			names = append(names, name)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown table, supported ones: %v", names)
+	}
+	table, err := newFreezerTable(path, tableName, noSnappy, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	table.dumpIndexStdout(start, end)
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/core/rawdb/database.go b/core/rawdb/database.go
index 9e1bdbfac399..cc4799792cfa 100644
--- a/core/rawdb/database.go
+++ b/core/rawdb/database.go
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path"
+	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
@@ -379,13 +380,6 @@ func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
 		beaconHeaders   stat
 		cliqueSnaps     stat
 
-		// Ancient store statistics
-		ancientHeadersSize  common.StorageSize
-		ancientBodiesSize   common.StorageSize
-		ancientReceiptsSize common.StorageSize
-		ancientTdsSize      common.StorageSize
-		ancientHashesSize   common.StorageSize
-
 		// Les statistic
 		chtTrieNodes   stat
 		bloomTrieNodes stat
@@ -473,20 +467,7 @@ func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
 			logged = time.Now()
 		}
 	}
-	// Inspect append-only file store then.
-	ancientSizes := []*common.StorageSize{&ancientHeadersSize, &ancientBodiesSize, &ancientReceiptsSize, &ancientHashesSize, &ancientTdsSize}
-	for i, category := range []string{chainFreezerHeaderTable, chainFreezerBodiesTable, chainFreezerReceiptTable, chainFreezerHashTable, chainFreezerDifficultyTable} {
-		if size, err := db.AncientSize(category); err == nil {
-			*ancientSizes[i] += common.StorageSize(size)
-			total += common.StorageSize(size)
-		}
-	}
-	// Get number of ancient rows inside the freezer
-	ancients := counter(0)
-	if count, err := db.Ancients(); err == nil {
-		ancients = counter(count)
-	}
-	// Display the database statistic.
+	// Display the database statistic of key-value store.
 	stats := [][]string{
 		{"Key-Value store", "Headers", headers.Size(), headers.Count()},
 		{"Key-Value store", "Bodies", bodies.Size(), bodies.Count()},
@@ -504,14 +485,25 @@ func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
 		{"Key-Value store", "Beacon sync headers", beaconHeaders.Size(), beaconHeaders.Count()},
 		{"Key-Value store", "Clique snapshots", cliqueSnaps.Size(), cliqueSnaps.Count()},
 		{"Key-Value store", "Singleton metadata", metadata.Size(), metadata.Count()},
-		{"Ancient store", "Headers", ancientHeadersSize.String(), ancients.String()},
-		{"Ancient store", "Bodies", ancientBodiesSize.String(), ancients.String()},
-		{"Ancient store", "Receipt lists", ancientReceiptsSize.String(), ancients.String()},
-		{"Ancient store", "Difficulties", ancientTdsSize.String(), ancients.String()},
-		{"Ancient store", "Block number->hash", ancientHashesSize.String(), ancients.String()},
 		{"Light client", "CHT trie nodes", chtTrieNodes.Size(), chtTrieNodes.Count()},
 		{"Light client", "Bloom trie nodes", bloomTrieNodes.Size(), bloomTrieNodes.Count()},
 	}
+	// Inspect all registered append-only file store then.
+	ancients, err := inspectFreezers(db)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, ancient := range ancients {
+		for _, table := range ancient.sizes {
+			stats = append(stats, []string{
+				fmt.Sprintf("Ancient store (%s)", strings.Title(ancient.name)),
+				strings.Title(table.name),
+				table.size.String(),
+				fmt.Sprintf("%d", ancient.count()),
+			})
+		}
+		total += ancient.size()
+	}
 	table := tablewriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
 	table.SetHeader([]string{"Database", "Category", "Size", "Items"})
 	table.SetFooter([]string{"", "Total", total.String(), " "})
@@ -521,6 +513,5 @@ func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
 	if unaccounted.size > 0 {
 		log.Error("Database contains unaccounted data", "size", unaccounted.size, "count", unaccounted.count)
 	}
-
 	return nil
 }
diff --git a/core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go b/core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go
index a73649a1fe11..f07f8d8e31ef 100644
--- a/core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go
+++ b/core/state/snapshot/snapshot.go
@@ -187,8 +187,9 @@ type Tree struct {
 // If the memory layers in the journal do not match the disk layer (e.g. there is
 // a gap) or the journal is missing, there are two repair cases:
 //
-//   - if the 'recovery' parameter is true, all memory diff-layers will be discarded.
-//     This case happens when the snapshot is 'ahead' of the state trie.
+//   - if the 'recovery' parameter is true, memory diff-layers and the disk-layer
+//     will all be kept. This case happens when the snapshot is 'ahead' of the
+//     state trie.
 //   - otherwise, the entire snapshot is considered invalid and will be recreated on
 //     a background thread.
 func New(config Config, diskdb ethdb.KeyValueStore, triedb *trie.Database, root common.Hash) (*Tree, error) {
@@ -199,16 +200,16 @@ func New(config Config, diskdb ethdb.KeyValueStore, triedb *trie.Database, root
 		triedb: triedb,
 		layers: make(map[common.Hash]snapshot),
 	}
-	// Create the building waiter iff the background generation is allowed
-	if !config.NoBuild && !config.AsyncBuild {
-		defer snap.waitBuild()
-	}
 	// Attempt to load a previously persisted snapshot and rebuild one if failed
 	head, disabled, err := loadSnapshot(diskdb, triedb, root, config.CacheSize, config.Recovery, config.NoBuild)
 	if disabled {
 		log.Warn("Snapshot maintenance disabled (syncing)")
 		return snap, nil
 	}
+	// Create the building waiter iff the background generation is allowed
+	if !config.NoBuild && !config.AsyncBuild {
+		defer snap.waitBuild()
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Warn("Failed to load snapshot", "err", err)
 		if !config.NoBuild {
diff --git a/core/state/state_object.go b/core/state/state_object.go
index 5eb053e83095..d2693b0c02d8 100644
--- a/core/state/state_object.go
+++ b/core/state/state_object.go
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func (s Storage) Copy() Storage {
 // The usage pattern is as follows:
 // First you need to obtain a state object.
 // Account values can be accessed and modified through the object.
-// Finally, call CommitTrie to write the modified storage trie into a database.
+// Finally, call commitTrie to write the modified storage trie into a database.
 type stateObject struct {
 	address  common.Address
 	addrHash common.Hash // hash of ethereum address of the account
@@ -374,9 +374,9 @@ func (s *stateObject) updateRoot(db Database) {
 	s.data.Root = s.trie.Hash()
 }
 
-// CommitTrie the storage trie of the object to db.
-// This updates the trie root.
-func (s *stateObject) CommitTrie(db Database) (*trie.NodeSet, error) {
+// commitTrie submits the storage changes into the storage trie and re-computes
+// the root. Besides, all trie changes will be collected in a nodeset and returned.
+func (s *stateObject) commitTrie(db Database) (*trie.NodeSet, error) {
 	// If nothing changed, don't bother with hashing anything
 	if s.updateTrie(db) == nil {
 		return nil, nil
diff --git a/core/state/statedb.go b/core/state/statedb.go
index 72c2aede1389..02ced7b785c5 100644
--- a/core/state/statedb.go
+++ b/core/state/statedb.go
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ func (s *StateDB) Commit(deleteEmptyObjects bool) (common.Hash, error) {
 				obj.dirtyCode = false
 			}
 			// Write any storage changes in the state object to its storage trie
-			set, err := obj.CommitTrie(s.db)
+			set, err := obj.commitTrie(s.db)
 			if err != nil {
 				return common.Hash{}, err
 			}
@@ -934,6 +934,12 @@ func (s *StateDB) Commit(deleteEmptyObjects bool) (common.Hash, error) {
 				storageTrieNodesDeleted += deleted
 			}
 		}
+		// If the contract is destructed, the storage is still left in the
+		// database as dangling data. Theoretically it's should be wiped from
+		// database as well, but in hash-based-scheme it's extremely hard to
+		// determine that if the trie nodes are also referenced by other storage,
+		// and in path-based-scheme some technical challenges are still unsolved.
+		// Although it won't affect the correctness but please fix it TODO(rjl493456442).
 	}
 	if len(s.stateObjectsDirty) > 0 {
 		s.stateObjectsDirty = make(map[common.Address]struct{})
diff --git a/trie/nodeset.go b/trie/nodeset.go
index 0f9d4ea01570..928172350171 100644
--- a/trie/nodeset.go
+++ b/trie/nodeset.go
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ func NewNodeSet(owner common.Hash) *NodeSet {
 	}
 }
 
+/*
 // NewNodeSetWithDeletion initializes the nodeset with provided deletion set.
 func NewNodeSetWithDeletion(owner common.Hash, paths [][]byte, prev [][]byte) *NodeSet {
 	set := NewNodeSet(owner)
@@ -121,6 +122,7 @@ func NewNodeSetWithDeletion(owner common.Hash, paths [][]byte, prev [][]byte) *N
 	}
 	return set
 }
+*/
 
 // markUpdated marks the node as dirty(newly-inserted or updated) with provided
 // node path, node object along with its previous value.