diff --git a/Source/astcenccli_internal.h b/Source/astcenccli_internal.h
index ee3a44e7..ea3ae384 100644
--- a/Source/astcenccli_internal.h
+++ b/Source/astcenccli_internal.h
@@ -397,6 +397,16 @@ void launch_threads(
 	void (*func)(int, int, void*),
 	void *payload);
 
+/**
+ * @brief Set the current thread name to a string value.
+ *
+ * For portability strings should be no longer than 16 characters.
+ *
+ * @param name   The thread name.
+ */
+void set_thread_name(
+	const char* name);
+
 /**
  * @brief The main entry point.
  *
diff --git a/Source/astcenccli_platform_dependents.cpp b/Source/astcenccli_platform_dependents.cpp
index d5857f17..636b9163 100644
--- a/Source/astcenccli_platform_dependents.cpp
+++ b/Source/astcenccli_platform_dependents.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Copyright 2011-2023 Arm Limited
+// Copyright 2011-2024 Arm Limited
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
 // use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
@@ -38,7 +38,11 @@
 #if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
 
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#define NOMINMAX
 #include <windows.h>
+#include <Processthreadsapi.h>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstring>
 
 /** @brief Alias pthread_t to one of the internal Windows types. */
 typedef HANDLE pthread_t;
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@ static int pthread_create(
 	static_cast<void>(attribs);
 	LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE func = reinterpret_cast<LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE>(threadfunc);
 	*thread = CreateThread(nullptr, 0, func, thread_arg, 0, nullptr);
-	
+
 	// Ensure we return 0 on success, non-zero on error
 	if (*thread == NULL)
 	{
@@ -142,6 +146,24 @@ double get_time()
 	return static_cast<double>(ticks) / 1.0e7;
 }
 
+/* See header for documentation */
+void set_thread_name(
+	const char* name
+) {
+	// Names are limited to 16 characters
+	wchar_t wname [16] { 0 };
+	size_t name_len = std::strlen(name);
+	size_t clamp_len = std::min<size_t>(name_len, 15);
+
+	// We know we only have basic 7-bit ASCII so just widen
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < clamp_len; i++)
+	{
+		wname[i] = static_cast<wchar_t>(name[i]);
+	}
+
+ 	SetThreadDescription(GetCurrentThread(), wname);
+}
+
 /* ============================================================================
    Platform code for an platform using POSIX APIs.
 ============================================================================ */
@@ -165,6 +187,18 @@ double get_time()
 	return static_cast<double>(tv.tv_sec) + static_cast<double>(tv.tv_usec) * 1.0e-6;
 }
 
+/* See header for documentation */
+void set_thread_name(
+	const char* name
+) {
+	// No standard mechanism, so be defensive here
+#if defined(__linux__)
+	pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), name);
+#elif defined(__APPLE__)
+	pthread_setname_np(name);
+#endif
+}
+
 #endif
 
 /**
@@ -215,9 +249,9 @@ void launch_threads(
 	}
 
 	// Otherwise spawn worker threads
-	launch_desc *thread_descs = new launch_desc[thread_count];	
+	launch_desc *thread_descs = new launch_desc[thread_count];
 	int actual_thread_count { 0 };
-	
+
 	for (int i = 0; i < thread_count; i++)
 	{
 		thread_descs[actual_thread_count].thread_count = thread_count;
@@ -230,7 +264,7 @@ void launch_threads(
 			&(thread_descs[actual_thread_count].thread_handle),
 			nullptr,
 			launch_threads_helper,
-			reinterpret_cast<void*>(thread_descs + actual_thread_count));		
+			reinterpret_cast<void*>(thread_descs + actual_thread_count));
 
 		// Track how many threads we actually created
 		if (!error)
@@ -248,7 +282,7 @@ void launch_threads(
 
 	// If we did not create thread_count threads then emit a warning
 	if (actual_thread_count != thread_count)
-	{		
+	{
 		int log_count = actual_thread_count == 0 ? 1 : actual_thread_count;
 		const char* log_s = log_count == 1 ? "" : "s";
 		printf("WARNING: %s using %d thread%s due to thread creation error\n\n",
diff --git a/Source/astcenccli_toplevel.cpp b/Source/astcenccli_toplevel.cpp
index dd0941b6..cfac9c57 100644
--- a/Source/astcenccli_toplevel.cpp
+++ b/Source/astcenccli_toplevel.cpp
@@ -232,6 +232,10 @@ static void compression_workload_runner(
 ) {
 	(void)thread_count;
 
+	char name[16] { 0 };
+	std::snprintf(name, 16, "astc workc %d", thread_id);
+	set_thread_name(name);
+
 	compression_workload* work = static_cast<compression_workload*>(payload);
 	astcenc_error error = astcenc_compress_image(
 	                       work->context, work->image, &work->swizzle,
@@ -259,6 +263,10 @@ static void decompression_workload_runner(
 ) {
 	(void)thread_count;
 
+	char name[16] { 0 };
+	std::snprintf(name, 16, "astc workd %d", thread_id);
+	set_thread_name(name);
+
 	decompression_workload* work = static_cast<decompression_workload*>(payload);
 	astcenc_error error = astcenc_decompress_image(
 	                       work->context, work->data, work->data_len,
@@ -1881,10 +1889,13 @@ static void print_diagnostic_images(
  *
  * @return 0 on success, non-zero otherwise.
  */
-int astcenc_main(
+int
+astcenc_main(
 	int argc,
 	char **argv
 ) {
+	set_thread_name("astc main");
+
 #if ASTCENC_SVE != 0
 	// Do this check here because is needs SVE instructions so cannot be in
 	// the veneer check which is compiled as stock Armv8. We know we have SVE