-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 38
/
k5prog.c
1173 lines (977 loc) · 29.9 KB
/
k5prog.c
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
/* Quansheng UV-K5 EEPROM programmer v0.9
* (c) 2023 Jacek Lipkowski <sq5bpf@lipkowski.org>
*
* This program can read and write the EEPROM of Quansheng UVK5 Mark II
* and probably other similar radios via the serial port.
*
* It can read/write arbitrary data, and might be useful for reverse
* engineering the radio configuration.
*
* It can also flash you radio, which has a very high probability of
* permanently breaking your radio. The flash image is an unencrypted
* image, without the version inserted at 0x2000.
*
* Use at your own risk.
*
*
* This program is licensed under the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE v3
* License text avaliable at: http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
*/
/*
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include "uvk5.h"
#define VERSION "Quansheng UV-K5 EEPROM programmer v0.9 (c) 2023 Jacek Lipkowski <sq5bpf@lipkowski.org>"
#define MODE_NONE 0
#define MODE_READ 1
#define MODE_WRITE 2
#define MODE_WRITE_MOST 3
#define MODE_WRITE_ALL 4
#define MODE_FLASH_DEBUG 5
#define MODE_FLASH 6
#define UVK5_EEPROM_SIZE 0x2000
#define UVK5_EEPROM_SIZE_WITHOUT_CALIBRATION 0x1d00
#define UVK5_EEPROM_BLOCKSIZE 0x80
#define UVK5_PREPARE_TRIES 10
/* actually the flash is bigger, but there is a bootloader at 0xf000 that we don't want to overwrite
* if you're really brave, then you can modify the code by changing UVK5_MAX_FLASH_SIZE to 0x10000
* and probably flash the bootloader too, but i would really advise against doing this
*
* maybe at some point i will make a command line flag for this
*/
#define UVK5_MAX_FLASH_SIZE 0xf000
#define UVK5_FLASH_BLOCKSIZE 0x100
#define DEFAULT_SERIAL_PORT "/dev/ttyUSB0"
#define DEFAULT_FILE_NAME "k5_eeprom.raw"
#define DEFAULT_FLASH_NAME "k5_flash.raw"
/* the vendor flasher sends the firmware version like "2.01.23" */
#define DEFAULT_FLASH_VERSION "*.01.23"
/* globals */
speed_t ser_speed=B38400;
char *ser_port=DEFAULT_SERIAL_PORT;
int verbose=0;
int mode=MODE_NONE;
char *file=DEFAULT_FILE_NAME;
char *flash_file=DEFAULT_FLASH_NAME;
char flash_version_string[8]=DEFAULT_FLASH_VERSION;
int write_offset=0;
int write_length=-1;
int i_know_what_im_doing=0; /* flag the user sets to confirm that he thinks he knows what he's doing */
struct k5_command {
unsigned char *cmd;
int len;
unsigned char *obfuscated_cmd;
int obfuscated_len;
int crcok;
};
/**** commands ********/
unsigned char uvk5_hello2[]={0x14, 0x05, 0x04, 0x00, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x5a, 0x64};
/* commands:
* 0x14 - hello
* 0x1b - read EEPROM
* 0x1d - write EEPROM
* 0xdd - reset radio
*/
/*
* flash commands:
* 0x30 - say hello to the radio and present the version (reply is also 0x18)
* 0x19 - send flash block (reply from radio is 0x1a)
*
* from the radio:
* 0x18 - broadcast from the radio when flash mode is enabled
*
*
*/
/* the last 6 bytes have to be the same for each "session" */
unsigned char uvk5_hello[]={ 0x14, 0x5, 0x4, 0x0, 0x6a, 0x39, 0x57, 0x64 };
unsigned char uvk5_readmem1[]={ 0x1b, 0x5, 0x8, 0x0, 0x80, 0xe, 0x80, 0x0, 0x6a, 0x39, 0x57, 0x64 }; /* byte6 - length (max 0x80), byte 4 (lsb) ,5 (msb) address */
unsigned char uvk5_writemem1[]={ 0x1d, 0x5, 0x18, 0x0, 0x50, 0xf, 0x10, 0x0, 0x14, 0xad, 0x5c, 0x64, 0x43, 0x48, 0x30, 0x30, 0x31, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 }; /* byte3 - command length, byte6 - data to be written length, byte4 - (lsb) byte5( msb) address, byte12-end data */
unsigned char uvk5_reset[]={ 0xdd, 0x5, 0x0, 0x0 };
/* terrible hexdump ripped from some old code, please don't look */
void hdump(unsigned char *buf,int len)
{
int tmp1;
char adump[80];
int tmp2=0;
int tmp3=0;
unsigned char sss;
char hexz[]="0123456789abcdef";
int lasttmp=0;
printf("\n0x%6.6x |0 |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9 |a |b |c |d |e |f |\n",len);
printf("---------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+------------\n");
memset(&adump,' ',78);
adump[78]=0;
for (tmp1=0; tmp1<len; tmp1++)
{
tmp2=tmp1%16;
if (tmp2==0) {
if (tmp1!=0) { printf("0x%6.6x: %.69s\n",tmp3,adump); lasttmp=tmp1; }
memset(&adump,' ',78);
adump[78]=0;
tmp3=tmp1;
}
sss=buf[tmp1];
adump[tmp2*3]=hexz[sss/16];
adump[tmp2*3+1]=hexz[sss%16];
if (isprint(sss)) { adump[tmp2+50]=sss; } else adump[tmp2+50]='.';
}
//if (((tmp1%16)!=0)||(len==16)) printf("0x%6.6x: %.69s\n",tmp3,adump);
if (lasttmp!=tmp1) printf("0x%6.6x: %.69s\n",tmp3,adump);
}
int openport(char *port,speed_t speed)
{
int fd;
struct termios my_termios;
fd = open(port, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
if (fd < 0)
{
printf("open error %d %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
if (tcgetattr(fd, &my_termios))
{
printf("tcgetattr error %d %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
if (tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH))
{
printf("tcgetattr error %d %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
my_termios.c_cflag = CS8 |CREAD | CLOCAL | HUPCL;
cfmakeraw(&my_termios);
cfsetospeed(&my_termios, speed);
if ( tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &my_termios))
{
printf("tcsetattr error %d %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
return(fd);
}
/* read with timeout */
int read_timeout(int fd, unsigned char *buf, int maxlen, int timeout)
{
fd_set rfd;
int len=0;
int ret;
struct timeval tv;
int nr;
unsigned char *buf2;
buf2=buf;
FD_ZERO(&rfd);
while(1) {
FD_SET(fd,&rfd);
tv.tv_sec=timeout/1000;
tv.tv_usec=(timeout%1000)/1000;
ret=select(fd+1,&rfd,0,0,&tv);
if (ret==0) {
if(timeout) /* Only print if we requested a timeout */
fprintf(stderr,"read_timeout\n");
/* error or timeout */
break;
}
if (FD_ISSET(fd,&rfd)) {
nr=read(fd,buf,maxlen);
len=len+nr;
buf=buf+nr;
if (nr>=0) maxlen=maxlen-nr;
if (maxlen==0) break;
}
}
if (verbose>2 && len > 0) {
printf("RXRXRX:\n");
hdump(buf2,len);
}
return(len);
}
void destroy_k5_struct(struct k5_command *cmd)
{
if (cmd->cmd) { free(cmd->cmd); }
if (cmd->obfuscated_cmd) { free(cmd->obfuscated_cmd); }
free(cmd);
}
/* ripped from https://mdfs.net/Info/Comp/Comms/CRC16.htm */
uint16_t crc16xmodem(unsigned char *addr, int num, int crc)
{
#define poly 0x1021
int i;
for (; num>0; num--) /* Step through bytes in memory */
{
crc = crc ^ (*addr++ << 8); /* Fetch byte from memory, XOR into CRC top byte*/
for (i=0; i<8; i++) /* Prepare to rotate 8 bits */
{
crc = crc << 1; /* rotate */
if (crc & 0x10000) /* bit 15 was set (now bit 16)... */
crc = (crc ^ poly) & 0xFFFF; /* XOR with XMODEM polynomic */
/* and ensure CRC remains 16-bit value */
} /* Loop for 8 bits */
} /* Loop until num=0 */
return(crc); /* Return updated CRC */
}
/* (de)obfuscate the string using xor */
void xorarr(unsigned char *inarr,int len)
{
int len2=0;
unsigned char k5_xor_array[16]= {
0x16 , 0x6c , 0x14 , 0xe6 , 0x2e , 0x91 , 0x0d , 0x40 ,
0x21 , 0x35 , 0xd5 , 0x40 , 0x13 , 0x03 , 0xe9 , 0x80 };
while (len2<len) {
*inarr=*inarr^k5_xor_array[len2%sizeof(k5_xor_array)];
len2++;
inarr++;
}
}
/* hexdump a k5_command struct */
void k5_hexdump(struct k5_command *cmd) {
printf ("******** k5 command hexdump [obf_len:%i clear_len:%i crc_ok:%i **********\n",cmd->obfuscated_len,cmd->len,cmd->crcok);
if (cmd->obfuscated_cmd) {
printf("## obfuscated ##\n");
hdump(cmd->obfuscated_cmd,cmd->obfuscated_len);
}
if (cmd->cmd) {
printf("## cleartext ##\n");
hdump(cmd->cmd,cmd->len);
}
printf("*****************\n");
}
/* obfuscate a k5 datagram */
int k5_obfuscate(struct k5_command *cmd)
{
uint16_t c;
if (!cmd->cmd) return(0);
if (cmd->obfuscated_cmd) { free (cmd->obfuscated_cmd); }
cmd->obfuscated_len=cmd->len+8; /* header + length + data + crc + footer */
cmd->obfuscated_cmd=calloc(cmd->obfuscated_len,1);
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[0]=0xab;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[1]=0xcd;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[2]=(cmd->len)&0xff;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[3]=(cmd->len>>8)&0xff;
memcpy((cmd->obfuscated_cmd)+4,cmd->cmd,cmd->len);
c=crc16xmodem((cmd->obfuscated_cmd)+4,cmd->len,0);
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->len+4]=c&0xff;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->len+5]=(c>>8)&0xff;
xorarr((cmd->obfuscated_cmd)+4,cmd->len+2);
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->len+6]=0xdc;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->len+7]=0xba;
cmd->crcok=1;
return(1);
}
/* deobfuscate a k5 datagram and verify it */
int k5_deobfuscate(struct k5_command *cmd)
{
uint16_t c,d;
if (!cmd->obfuscated_cmd) return(0);
if (cmd->cmd) { free (cmd->cmd); }
/* check the obfuscated datagram */
if ((cmd->obfuscated_cmd[0]!=0xab)||(cmd->obfuscated_cmd[1]!=0xcd)) {
//bad header
if (verbose>2) { printf("bad header\n"); k5_hexdump(cmd); }
return(0);
}
if ((cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->obfuscated_len-2]!=0xdc)||(cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->obfuscated_len-1]!=0xba)) {
//bad footer
if (verbose>2) { printf("bad footer\n"); k5_hexdump(cmd); }
return(0);
}
cmd->len=cmd->obfuscated_len-6; /* header + length + data + crc + footer */
cmd->cmd=calloc(cmd->len,1);
memcpy(cmd->cmd,cmd->obfuscated_cmd+4,cmd->len);
xorarr(cmd->cmd,cmd->len);
c=crc16xmodem(cmd->cmd,cmd->len-2,0);
d=(cmd->cmd[cmd->len-2])|(cmd->cmd[cmd->len-1]<<8);
//if ((*cmd->cmd[*cmd->cmd-2]==(c&0xff))&&(*cmd->cmd[*cmd->cmd-2]==((c<<8)&0xff)))
/* the protocol looks like it would use crc from the radio to the pc, but instead the radio sends 0xffff */
if (d==0xffff)
{
cmd->crcok=1;
cmd->len=cmd->len-2; /* skip crc */
} else {
if (d==c) {
printf("** the protocol actually uses proper crc on datagrams from the radio, please inform the author of the radio/firmware version\n");
k5_hexdump(cmd);
}
cmd->crcok=0;
if (verbose>2) { printf("bad crc 0x%4.4x (should be 0x%4.4x)\n",d,c); k5_hexdump(cmd); }
cmd->len=cmd->len-2; /* skip crc */
return(0);
}
return(1);
}
/* obfuscate a command, send it */
int k5_send_cmd(int fd,struct k5_command *cmd) {
int l;
if (!k5_obfuscate(cmd)) {
fprintf(stderr,"obfuscate error!\n");
return(0);
}
if (verbose>1) k5_hexdump(cmd);
l=write(fd,cmd->obfuscated_cmd,cmd->obfuscated_len);
if (verbose>2) printf("write %i\n",l);
return(1);
}
int k5_send_buf(int fd,unsigned char *buf,int len) {
int l;
struct k5_command *cmd;
cmd=calloc(sizeof(struct k5_command),1);
cmd->len=len;
cmd->cmd=malloc(cmd->len);
memcpy(cmd->cmd,buf,len);
l=k5_send_cmd(fd,cmd);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(l);
}
/* receive a response, deobfuscate it */
struct k5_command *k5_receive(int fd,int tmout) {
unsigned char buf[4];
struct k5_command *cmd;
int len;
len=read_timeout(fd,(unsigned char *)&buf,sizeof(buf),10000); /* wait 500ms */
if (len>0) {
if (verbose>2) { printf("magic:\n"); hdump((unsigned char *)&buf,len); }
} else
{
fprintf(stderr,"k5_receive: err read1\n");
return(0);
}
/* During plugging in etc we can receive a single byte.
* Handle this case here. */
if (len != sizeof(buf))
{
fprintf(stderr,"k5_receive: got %d expected %ld\n", len, sizeof(buf));
return(0);
}
if ((buf[0]!=0xab)||(buf[1]!=0xcd)) {
fprintf(stderr,"k5_receive: bad magic number\n");
/* Assume we are out of sync and flush rx buffer by reading everything.
* This works because the boot message is repeated. */
while (len>0)
len =read_timeout(fd,(unsigned char *)&buf,sizeof(buf),10000);
return(0);
}
if (buf[3]!=0) {
fprintf(stderr,"k5_receive: it seems that byte 3 can be something else than 0, please notify the author\n");
return(0);
}
cmd=calloc(sizeof(struct k5_command),1);
cmd->obfuscated_len=buf[2]+8;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd=calloc(cmd->obfuscated_len,1);
memcpy(cmd->obfuscated_cmd,buf,4);
len=read_timeout(fd,cmd->obfuscated_cmd+4,buf[2]+4,tmout); /* wait 500ms */
if ((len+4)!=(cmd->obfuscated_len)) {
fprintf(stderr,"k5_receive err read1 len=%i wanted=%i\n",len,cmd->obfuscated_len);
return(0);
}
/* deobfuscate */
k5_deobfuscate(cmd);
if (verbose>2) k5_hexdump(cmd);
return(cmd);
}
/******************************/
/* EEPROM read/write support */
/******************************/
int k5_readmem(int fd, unsigned char *buf, unsigned char maxlen, int offset)
{
unsigned char readmem[sizeof(uvk5_readmem1)];
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
if (verbose>1) printf("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ readmem offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%2.2x\n",offset,maxlen);
/* byte6 - length (max 0x80), byte 4 (lsb) ,5 (msb) address */
memcpy(readmem,uvk5_readmem1,sizeof(uvk5_readmem1));
readmem[6]=maxlen;
readmem[4]=offset&0xff;
readmem[5]=(offset>>8)&0xff;
r=k5_send_buf(fd,readmem,sizeof(readmem));
if (!r) return(0);
cmd=k5_receive(fd,10000);
if (!cmd) return(0);
if (verbose>2) k5_hexdump(cmd);
memcpy(buf,cmd->cmd+8,cmd->len-8);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
int k5_writemem(int fd, unsigned char *buf, unsigned char len, int offset)
{
unsigned char writemem[512];
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
if (verbose>1) printf("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ writemem offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%2.2x\n",offset,len);
/* byte6 - length (max 0x80), byte 4 (lsb) ,5 (msb) address */
writemem[0]=0x1d;
writemem[1]=0x5;
writemem[2]=len+8;
writemem[3]=0;
writemem[4]=offset&0xff;
writemem[5]=(offset>>8)&0xff;
writemem[6]=len;
writemem[7]=1;
writemem[8]=0x6a;
writemem[9]=0x39;
writemem[10]=0x57;
writemem[11]=0x64;
memcpy((void *)&writemem+12,buf,len);
r=k5_send_buf(fd,writemem,len+12);
if (!r) return(0);
cmd=k5_receive(fd,10000);
if (!cmd) return(0);
if (verbose>2) k5_hexdump(cmd);
if (((cmd->cmd[0])!=0x1e)||((cmd->cmd[4])!=writemem[4])||((cmd->cmd[5])!=writemem[5])) {
fprintf(stderr,"bad write confirmation\n");
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(0);
}
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
/* reset the radio */
int k5_reset(int fd)
{
int r;
if (verbose>1) printf("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ reset\n");
r=k5_send_buf(fd,uvk5_reset,sizeof(uvk5_reset));
return(r);
}
/* end of EEPROM read/write support */
/******************************/
/* flash read/write support */
/******************************/
/* wait for a "i'm in flashing mode" message */
int wait_flash_message(int fd,int ntimes) {
struct k5_command *cmd;
int ok=0;
char buf[17];
int i,j;
while(ntimes) {
ntimes--;
if (verbose>1) { printf("wait_flash_message try %i\n",ntimes); }
cmd=k5_receive(fd,10000);
if (!cmd) {
/* No need to print, k5_receive already printed why it failed */
//printf("wait_flash_message: timeout\n");
continue;
}
k5_hexdump(cmd);
if (!cmd->cmd) {
printf("wait_flash_message: received malformed packet\n");
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
if ((cmd->cmd[0]!=0x18)&&(cmd->cmd[1]!=0x05)) {
printf("wait_flash_message: got unexpected command type 0x%2.2x 0x%2.2x\n",cmd->cmd[1],cmd->cmd[0]);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
/* 36 is normal length, 22 is sent by some LSENG UV-K5 clone,
* 20 is sent by some other version, so just use an arbitrarily chosen range */
if ((cmd->len<18)||(cmd->len>50)) {
printf("wait_flash_message: got unexpected command length %i\n",cmd->len);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
/*
* this is what a "i'm in flashing mode" packet looks like
*
*
* 0x000024 |0 |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9 |a |b |c |d |e |f |
* ---------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+------------
* 0x000000: 18 05 20 00 01 02 02 06 1c 53 50 4a 37 47 ff 0f .. ......SPJ7G..
* 0x000010: 8c 00 53 00 32 2e 30 30 2e 30 36 00 34 0a 00 00 ..S.2.00.06.4...
* 0x000020: 00 00 00 20 ...
*/
/* all is good, so break */
ok=1; break;
}
if (!ok) {
printf("wait_flash_message: no flash message from radio\n");
return(0);
}
for (i=0;i<(sizeof(buf)-1);i++) {
j=i+0x14;
if (j>=cmd->len) break;
if (!isprint(cmd->cmd[j])) break;
buf[i]=cmd->cmd[j];
}
buf[i]=0;
printf("Flasher version is: [%s]\n",buf);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
/* sends the version of firmware that we will be flashing,
* unobfuscated firmware will have the version number in 16 bytes at 0x2000
* probably these bytes are sent.
*
* the vendor flasher sends the real version, something like 2.01.23
* if we send a * as the first character, then all known bootloaders
* will accept it
*/
int k5_send_flash_version_message(int fd,char *version_string) {
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
//unsigned char uvk5_flash_version[]={ 0x30, 0x5, 0x10, 0x0, '2', '.', '0', '1', '.', '2', '3', 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0};
unsigned char uvk5_flash_version[]={ 0x30, 0x5, 0x10, 0x0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0};
strncpy ((char *)&uvk5_flash_version+4,flash_version_string,8);
r=k5_send_buf(fd,uvk5_flash_version,sizeof(uvk5_flash_version));
if (!r) return(0);
/* check if we're still getting packets, usually this is a 0x18 type packet, but not sure what else the radio can send */
cmd=k5_receive(fd,10000);
if (!cmd) return(0);
if (verbose>1) k5_hexdump(cmd);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
int k5_writeflash(int fd, unsigned char *buf, int len, int offset,int max_flash_addr)
{
int l;
unsigned char writeflash[512];
int ok=0;
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
if (verbose>1) printf("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ writeflash offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%2.2x\n",offset,len);
memset(writeflash,0,sizeof(writeflash));
/* 0x19 0x5 0xc 0x1 0x8a 0x8d 0x9f 0x1d
* address_msb address_lsb 0xe6 0x0 length_msb length_lsb 0x0 0x0
* [0x100 bytes of data, if length is <0x100 then fill the rest with zeroes] */
writeflash[0]=0x19;
writeflash[1]=0x5;
/* bytes 2,3: length is 0x10c */
writeflash[2]=0xc;
writeflash[3]=1;
writeflash[4]=0x8a;
writeflash[5]=0x8d;
writeflash[6]=0x9f;
writeflash[7]=0x1d;
writeflash[8]=(offset>>8)&0xff;
writeflash[9]=offset&0xff;
//writeflash[10]=0xe6;
writeflash[10]=(max_flash_addr>>8)&0xff;
writeflash[11]=0x00;
//writeflash[11]=max_flash_addr&0xff;
writeflash[12]=len&0xff;
writeflash[13]=(len>>8)&0xff;
writeflash[14]=0x00;
writeflash[15]=0x00;
memcpy((void *)&writeflash+16,buf,len);
r=k5_send_buf(fd,writeflash,0x100+16); /* we always send 0x100 bytes, header is 16 bytes */
if (!r) return(0);
/* wait for a reply packet */
l=5;
while(l) {
cmd=k5_receive(fd,10000);
l--;
if (!cmd) {
usleep(1000);
continue;
}
if (verbose>1) {
printf("||||| reply packet after flash command\n");
k5_hexdump(cmd);
}
/* we're still getting "i'm in flash mode packets", can happen after the first flash command, ignore it */
if ((cmd->cmd[0]==0x18)&&(cmd->cmd[1]==0x05)&&(cmd->cmd[2]==0x20)&&(cmd->cmd[3]==0x0)&&(cmd->cmd[4]==0x1)&&(cmd->cmd[5]==0x2)&&(cmd->cmd[6]==0x2)) {
if (verbose>1) printf("&&&&| ignoring \"i'm in flash mode\" packet\n");
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
/* reply packet:
* 0x1a 0x5 0x8 0x0 0x8a 0x8d 0x9f 0x1d 0x0 0x0 0x0 0x0
*/
if (((cmd->cmd[0])!=0x1a)||((cmd->cmd[8])!=writeflash[8])||((cmd->cmd[9])!=writeflash[9])) {
fprintf(stderr,"bad write confirmation\n");
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
ok=1;
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
break;
}
if (!ok) {
printf("\n\nERROR: no confirmation for flash block 0x%4.4x, length 0x%4.4x\n\n",offset,len);
/* TODO: what do we do if there wasn't a proper confirmation? retry maybe? */
}
return(ok);
}
void helpme()
{
printf(
"cmdline opts:\n"
"-f <file>\tfilename that contains the eeprom dump (default: " DEFAULT_FILE_NAME ")\n"
"-b <file>\tfilename that contains the raw flash image (default " DEFAULT_FLASH_NAME ")\n"
"-Y \tincrease \"I know what I'm doing\" value, to enable functionality likely to break the radio\n"
"-D \twait for the message from the radio flasher, print it's version\n"
"-F \tflash firmware, WARNING: this will likely brick your radio!\n"
"-M <ver> \tSet the firmware major version to <ver> during the flash process (default: " DEFAULT_FLASH_VERSION ")\n"
"-r \tread eeprom\n"
"-w \twrite eeprom like the original software does\n"
"-W \twrite most of the EEPROM (but without what I think is calibration data)\n"
"-B \twrite ALL of the EEPROM (the \"brick my radio\" mode)\n"
"-p <port>\tdevice name (default: " DEFAULT_SERIAL_PORT ")\n"
"-s <speed>\tserial speed (default: 38400, the UV-K5 doesn't accept any other speed)\n"
"-h \tprint this help\n"
"-v \tbe verbose, use multiple times for more verbosity\n"
);
}
static speed_t baud_to_speed_t(int baud)
{
switch (baud) {
case 0:
return B0;
case 50:
return B50;
case 75:
return B75;
case 110:
return B110;
case 150:
return B150;
case 200:
return B200;
case 300:
return B300;
case 600:
return B600;
case 1200:
return B1200;
case 1800:
return B1800;
case 2400:
return B2400;
case 4800:
return B4800;
case 9600:
return B9600;
case 19200:
return B19200;
case 38400:
return B38400;
case 57600:
return B57600;
case 115200:
return B115200;
default:
return B0;
}
}
void parse_cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
{
int opt;
/* cmdline opts:
* -f <file>
* -b <flash file>
* -F (flash firmware)
* -r (read)
* -w (write)
* -p <port>
* -s <speed>
* -h (help)
* -v (verbose)
* -D (flashdebug)
* -F (flash)
* -Y (i know what i'm doing)
*/
while ((opt=getopt(argc,argv,"f:rwWBp:s:hvDFYb:M:"))!=EOF)
{
switch (opt)
{
case 'h':
helpme();
exit(0);
break;
case 'v':
verbose++;
break;
case 'Y':
i_know_what_im_doing++;
break;
case 'r':
mode=MODE_READ;
break;
case 'w':
mode=MODE_WRITE;
break;
case 'D':
mode=MODE_FLASH_DEBUG;
break;
case 'F':
mode=MODE_FLASH;
break;
case 'b':
flash_file=optarg;
break;
case 'M':
strncpy(flash_version_string,optarg,sizeof(flash_version_string)-1);
break;
case 'W':
mode=MODE_WRITE_MOST;
break;
case 'B':
mode=MODE_WRITE_ALL;
break;
case 'f':
file=optarg;
break;
case 'p':
ser_port=optarg;
break;
case 's':
ser_speed=baud_to_speed_t(atoi(optarg));
if (ser_speed==B0) {
fprintf(stderr,"ERROR, unknown speed %s\n",optarg);
exit(1);
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unknown command line option %s\n",optarg);
exit(1);
break;
}
}
}
if ((mode==MODE_FLASH)&&(write_offset%UVK5_FLASH_BLOCKSIZE!=0))
{
fprintf(stderr,"ERROR: write offset has to be a multiple of %x\n",UVK5_FLASH_BLOCKSIZE);
exit(1);
}
if ((mode==MODE_WRITE)&&(write_offset%UVK5_EEPROM_BLOCKSIZE!=0))
{
fprintf(stderr,"ERROR: write offset has to be a multiple of %x\n",UVK5_EEPROM_BLOCKSIZE);
exit(1);
}
}
int write_file(char *name, unsigned char *buffer, int len)
{
int fd;
int l;
fd=open(name,O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,0600);
if (fd<0) {
printf("open %s error %d %s\n", name,errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
l=write(fd,buffer,len);
if (l!=len) {
printf("short write (%i) error %d %s\n", l,errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
close(fd);
return(1);
}
int k5_prepare(int fd) {
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
r=k5_send_buf(fd,uvk5_hello,sizeof(uvk5_hello));
if (!r) return(0);
cmd=k5_receive(fd,10000);
if (!cmd) return(0);
/* this is a bit problem with people trying to read the radio config in firmware flash mode,
* don't know why people do this, but they do it quite often */
if ((cmd->cmd[0]==0x18)&&(cmd->cmd[1]==0x05)) {
fprintf(stderr,"\nWARNING: this radio is in firmware flash mode (PTT + turn on).\n"
"Please have the radio in normal mode to read the EEPROM\n\n");
return(0);
}
printf ("cmd: %2.2x %2.2x ok:%i\n",cmd->cmd[0],cmd->cmd[1],cmd->crcok);
printf("****** Connected to firmware version: [%s]\n",(cmd->cmd)+4);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
int fd,ffd;
unsigned char eeprom[UVK5_EEPROM_SIZE];
unsigned char flash[UVK5_MAX_FLASH_SIZE];
int flash_length;
int flash_max_addr;
int flash_max_block_addr;
int i,r,j,len;
printf (VERSION "\n\n");
parse_cmdline(argc,argv);
if (mode==MODE_NONE) {
fprintf(stderr,"No operating mode selected, use -w or -r\n");
helpme();
exit(1);
}
fd=openport(ser_port,ser_speed);
if (fd<0) {
fprintf(stderr,"Open %s failed\n",ser_port);
exit(1);
}
if (i_know_what_im_doing) {
printf("\"I know what i'm doing\" value set to %i\n",i_know_what_im_doing);
}
/* flash mode */
switch(mode)
{
case MODE_FLASH_DEBUG:
if (i_know_what_im_doing<1) {
printf("ERROR: the \"I know what i'm doing\" value has to be at least 1 to confirm that you know what you're doing\n");
exit(0);
}
wait_flash_message(fd,10000);
exit(0);
break;
case MODE_FLASH:
if (i_know_what_im_doing<3) {