diff --git a/.github/workflows/rtools-make.yml b/.github/workflows/rtools-make.yml
index 60311376772..af15f0f398b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/rtools-make.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/rtools-make.yml
@@ -19,9 +19,17 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-  prim-rev:
-    name: prim and rev tests
+  rtools-build-check:
     runs-on: windows-latest
+    name: R {{ matrix.config.r }} with Rtools {{ matrix.config.rtools }}
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        config:
+          - {os: windows-latest, r: '4.3.2', rtools: '43', path: 'C:/rtools43/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/bin;C:/rtools43/usr/bin'}
+          - {os: windows-latest, r: '4.2.3', rtools: '42', path: 'C:/rtools42/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/bin;C:/rtools42/usr/bin'}
+          - {os: windows-latest, r: '4.1.3', rtools: '40', path: 'C:/rtools40/mingw64/bin;C:/rtools40/usr/bin'}
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -30,11 +38,11 @@ jobs:
         python-version: '3.x'
     - uses: r-lib/actions/setup-r@v2
       with:
-        r-version: 4.1.3
+        r-version: ${{ matrix.config.r }}
+        rtools-version: ${{ matrix.config.rtools }}
 
-    - name: Set path for Rtools40
-      if: runner.os == 'Windows'
-      run: echo "C:/rtools40/usr/bin;C:/rtools40/mingw64/bin" | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8
+    - name: Set path for Rtools${{ matrix.config.rtools }}
+      run: echo ${{ matrix.config.path }} | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8
 
     - name: Build Math libs
       shell: powershell
@@ -59,128 +67,3 @@ jobs:
       with:
         name: gtest_outputs_xml
         path: '**/*_test.xml'
-
-  fwd-non-fun-mix:
-    name: fwd tests and non-fun mix tests
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-      with:
-        python-version: '3.x'
-    - uses: r-lib/actions/setup-r@v2
-      with:
-        r-version: 4.1.3
-
-    - name: Set path for Rtools40
-      if: runner.os == 'Windows'
-      run: echo "C:/rtools40/usr/bin;C:/rtools40/mingw64/bin" | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8
-
-    - name: Build Math libs
-      shell: powershell
-      run: |
-        Add-Content make\local "O=1`n"
-        make -f make/standalone math-libs -j2
-    - name: Add TBB to PATH
-      shell: powershell
-      run: echo "D:/a/math/math/lib/tbb" | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8
-    - name: Disable running fwd/mix tests
-      shell: powershell
-      run: echo "CXXFLAGS+= -DSTAN_MATH_TESTS_REV_ONLY" | Out-File -Append -FilePath make/local -Encoding utf8
-    - name: Run fwd unit tests and all the mix tests except those in mix/fun
-      shell: powershell
-      run: |
-        python.exe runTests.py test/unit/math/fwd -j2
-        python.exe runTests.py test/unit/math/mix/core -j2
-        python.exe runTests.py test/unit/math/mix/functor -j2
-        python.exe runTests.py test/unit/math/mix/meta -j2
-        python.exe runTests.py test/unit/math/mix/prob -j2
-        python.exe runTests.py test/unit/math/mix/*_test.cpp -j2
-
-    - name: Upload gtest_output xml
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-      if: failure()
-      with:
-        name: gtest_outputs_xml
-        path: '**/*_test.xml'
-
-  mix-fun-1:
-    name: mix/fun tests 1
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-      with:
-        python-version: '3.x'
-    - uses: r-lib/actions/setup-r@v2
-      with:
-        r-version: 4.1.3
-
-    - name: Set path for Rtools40
-      if: runner.os == 'Windows'
-      run: echo "C:/rtools40/usr/bin;C:/rtools40/mingw64/bin" | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8
-
-    - name: Build Math libs
-      shell: powershell
-      run: |
-        Add-Content make\local "O=1`n"
-        make -f make/standalone math-libs -j2
-    - name: Add TBB to PATH
-      shell: powershell
-      run: echo "D:/a/math/math/lib/tbb" | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8
-    - name: Run mix/fun unit tests
-      shell: powershell
-      run: |
-        $MixFunTests = Get-ChildItem -Path test\unit\math\mix\fun\* -Include *.cpp | Resolve-Path -Relative
-        $NumberTests = $MixFunTests.Length
-        $HalfNumberTests = [math]::Floor($NumberTests / 2)
-        python.exe runTests.py $MixFunTests[0..$HalfNumberTests]
-
-    - name: Upload gtest_output xml
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-      if: failure()
-      with:
-        name: gtest_outputs_xml
-        path: '**/*_test.xml'
-
-  mix-fun-2:
-    name: mix/fun tests 2
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-      with:
-        python-version: '3.x'
-    - uses: r-lib/actions/setup-r@v2
-      with:
-        r-version: 4.1.3
-
-    - name: Set path for Rtools40
-      if: runner.os == 'Windows'
-      run: echo "C:/rtools40/usr/bin;C:/rtools40/mingw64/bin" | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8
-
-    - name: Build Math libs
-      shell: powershell
-      run: |
-        Add-Content make\local "O=1`n"
-        make -f make/standalone math-libs -j2
-    - name: Add TBB to PATH
-      shell: powershell
-      run: echo "D:/a/math/math/lib/tbb" | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8
-    - name: Run mix/fun unit tests
-      shell: powershell
-      run: |
-        $MixFunTests = Get-ChildItem -Path test\unit\math\mix\fun\* -Include *.cpp | Resolve-Path -Relative
-        $NumberTests = $MixFunTests.Length
-        $HalfNumberTests = [math]::Floor($NumberTests / 2)
-        python.exe runTests.py $MixFunTests[($HalfNumberTests + 1)..($NumberTests - 1)]
-
-    - name: Upload gtest_output xml
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-      if: failure()
-      with:
-        name: gtest_outputs_xml
-        path: '**/*_test.xml'