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flashrom.c
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flashrom.c
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/*
* This file is part of the flashrom project.
*
* Copyright (C) 2000 Silicon Integrated System Corporation
* Copyright (C) 2004 Tyan Corp <yhlu@tyan.com>
* Copyright (C) 2005-2008 coresystems GmbH
* Copyright (C) 2008,2009 Carl-Daniel Hailfinger
* Copyright (C) 2016 secunet Security Networks AG
* (Written by Nico Huber <nico.huber@secunet.com> for secunet)
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*/
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "flash.h"
#include "flashchips.h"
#include "programmer.h"
#include "hwaccess_physmap.h"
#include "chipdrivers.h"
#include "erasure_layout.h"
const char flashrom_version[] = FLASHROM_VERSION;
static const struct programmer_entry *programmer = NULL;
/*
* Programmers supporting multiple buses can have differing size limits on
* each bus. Store the limits for each bus in a common struct.
*/
struct decode_sizes max_rom_decode;
/* If nonzero, used as the start address of bottom-aligned flash. */
uintptr_t flashbase;
/* Is writing allowed with this programmer? */
bool programmer_may_write;
#define SHUTDOWN_MAXFN 32
static int shutdown_fn_count = 0;
/** @private */
static struct shutdown_func_data {
int (*func) (void *data);
void *data;
} shutdown_fn[SHUTDOWN_MAXFN];
/* Initialize to 0 to make sure nobody registers a shutdown function before
* programmer init.
*/
static bool may_register_shutdown = false;
static struct bus_type_info {
enum chipbustype type;
const char *name;
} bustypes[] = {
{ BUS_PARALLEL, "Parallel, " },
{ BUS_LPC, "LPC, " },
{ BUS_FWH, "FWH, " },
{ BUS_SPI, "SPI, " },
{ BUS_PROG, "Programmer-specific, " },
};
/* Register a function to be executed on programmer shutdown.
* The advantage over atexit() is that you can supply a void pointer which will
* be used as parameter to the registered function upon programmer shutdown.
* This pointer can point to arbitrary data used by said function, e.g. undo
* information for GPIO settings etc. If unneeded, set data=NULL.
* Please note that the first (void *data) belongs to the function signature of
* the function passed as first parameter.
*/
int register_shutdown(int (*function) (void *data), void *data)
{
if (shutdown_fn_count >= SHUTDOWN_MAXFN) {
msg_perr("Tried to register more than %i shutdown functions.\n",
SHUTDOWN_MAXFN);
return 1;
}
if (!may_register_shutdown) {
msg_perr("Tried to register a shutdown function before "
"programmer init.\n");
return 1;
}
shutdown_fn[shutdown_fn_count].func = function;
shutdown_fn[shutdown_fn_count].data = data;
shutdown_fn_count++;
return 0;
}
int register_chip_restore(chip_restore_fn_cb_t func,
struct flashctx *flash, void *data)
{
if (flash->chip_restore_fn_count >= MAX_CHIP_RESTORE_FUNCTIONS) {
msg_perr("Tried to register more than %i chip restore"
" functions.\n", MAX_CHIP_RESTORE_FUNCTIONS);
return 1;
}
flash->chip_restore_fn[flash->chip_restore_fn_count].func = func;
flash->chip_restore_fn[flash->chip_restore_fn_count].data = data;
flash->chip_restore_fn_count++;
return 0;
}
static int deregister_chip_restore(struct flashctx *flash)
{
int rc = 0;
while (flash->chip_restore_fn_count > 0) {
int i = --flash->chip_restore_fn_count;
rc |= flash->chip_restore_fn[i].func(
flash, flash->chip_restore_fn[i].data);
}
return rc;
}
int programmer_init(const struct programmer_entry *prog, const char *param)
{
int ret;
if (prog == NULL) {
msg_perr("Invalid programmer specified!\n");
return -1;
}
programmer = prog;
/* Initialize all programmer specific data. */
/* Default to unlimited decode sizes. */
max_rom_decode = (const struct decode_sizes) {
.parallel = 0xffffffff,
.lpc = 0xffffffff,
.fwh = 0xffffffff,
.spi = 0xffffffff,
};
/* Default to top aligned flash at 4 GB. */
flashbase = 0;
/* Registering shutdown functions is now allowed. */
may_register_shutdown = true;
/* Default to allowing writes. Broken programmers set this to 0. */
programmer_may_write = true;
struct programmer_cfg cfg;
if (param) {
cfg.params = strdup(param);
if (!cfg.params) {
msg_perr("Out of memory!\n");
return ERROR_FLASHROM_FATAL;
}
} else {
cfg.params = NULL;
}
msg_pdbg("Initializing %s programmer\n", prog->name);
ret = prog->init(&cfg);
if (cfg.params && strlen(cfg.params)) {
if (ret != 0) {
/* It is quite possible that any unhandled programmer parameter would have been valid,
* but an error in actual programmer init happened before the parameter was evaluated.
*/
msg_pwarn("Unhandled programmer parameters (possibly due to another failure): %s\n",
cfg.params);
} else {
/* Actual programmer init was successful, but the user specified an invalid or unusable
* (for the current programmer configuration) parameter.
*/
msg_perr("Unhandled programmer parameters: %s\n", cfg.params);
msg_perr("Aborting.\n");
ret = ERROR_FLASHROM_FATAL;
}
}
free(cfg.params);
return ret;
}
/** Calls registered shutdown functions and resets internal programmer-related variables.
* Calling it is safe even without previous initialization, but further interactions with programmer support
* require a call to programmer_init() (afterwards).
*
* @return The OR-ed result values of all shutdown functions (i.e. 0 on success). */
int programmer_shutdown(void)
{
int ret = 0;
/* Registering shutdown functions is no longer allowed. */
may_register_shutdown = false;
while (shutdown_fn_count > 0) {
int i = --shutdown_fn_count;
ret |= shutdown_fn[i].func(shutdown_fn[i].data);
}
registered_master_count = 0;
return ret;
}
void *master_map_flash_region(const struct registered_master *mst,
const char *descr, uintptr_t phys_addr,
size_t len)
{
/* Check the bus master for a specialized map_flash_region; default to
* fallback if it does not specialize it
*/
void *(*map_flash_region) (const char *descr, uintptr_t phys_addr, size_t len) = NULL;
if (mst->buses_supported & BUS_SPI)
map_flash_region = mst->spi.map_flash_region;
else if (mst->buses_supported & BUS_NONSPI)
map_flash_region = mst->par.map_flash_region;
/* A result of NULL causes mapped addresses to be chip physical
* addresses, assuming only a single region is mapped (the entire flash
* space). Chips with a second region (like a register map) require a
* real memory mapping to distinguish the different ranges. Those chips
* are FWH/LPC, so the bus master provides a real mapping.
*/
void *ret = NULL;
if (map_flash_region)
ret = map_flash_region(descr, phys_addr, len);
msg_gspew("%s: mapping %s from 0x%0*" PRIxPTR " to 0x%0*" PRIxPTR "\n",
__func__, descr, PRIxPTR_WIDTH, phys_addr, PRIxPTR_WIDTH, (uintptr_t) ret);
return ret;
}
void master_unmap_flash_region(const struct registered_master *mst,
void *virt_addr, size_t len)
{
void (*unmap_flash_region) (void *virt_addr, size_t len) = NULL;
if (mst->buses_supported & BUS_SPI)
unmap_flash_region = mst->spi.unmap_flash_region;
else if (mst->buses_supported & BUS_NONSPI)
unmap_flash_region = mst->par.unmap_flash_region;
if (unmap_flash_region)
unmap_flash_region(virt_addr, len);
msg_gspew("%s: unmapped 0x%0*" PRIxPTR "\n", __func__, PRIxPTR_WIDTH, (uintptr_t)virt_addr);
}
static bool master_uses_physmap(const struct registered_master *mst)
{
#if CONFIG_INTERNAL == 1
if (mst->buses_supported & BUS_SPI)
return mst->spi.map_flash_region == physmap;
else if (mst->buses_supported & BUS_NONSPI)
return mst->par.map_flash_region == physmap;
#endif
return false;
}
void programmer_delay(const struct flashctx *flash, unsigned int usecs)
{
if (usecs == 0)
return;
/**
* Drivers should either use default_delay() directly or their
* own custom delay. Only core flashrom logic calls programmer_delay()
* which should always have a valid flash context. A NULL context
* more than likely indicates a layering violation or BUG however
* for now dispatch a default_delay() as a safe default for the NULL
* base case.
*/
if (!flash) {
msg_perr("%s called with NULL flash context. "
"Please report a bug at flashrom@flashrom.org\n",
__func__);
return default_delay(usecs);
}
if (flash->mst->buses_supported & BUS_SPI) {
if (flash->mst->spi.delay)
return flash->mst->spi.delay(flash, usecs);
} else if (flash->mst->buses_supported & BUS_PARALLEL) {
if (flash->mst->par.delay)
return flash->mst->par.delay(flash, usecs);
} else if (flash->mst->buses_supported & BUS_PROG) {
if (flash->mst->opaque.delay)
return flash->mst->opaque.delay(flash, usecs);
}
return default_delay(usecs);
}
int read_memmapped(struct flashctx *flash, uint8_t *buf, unsigned int start,
int unsigned len)
{
chip_readn(flash, buf, flash->virtual_memory + start, len);
return 0;
}
/* This is a somewhat hacked function similar in some ways to strtok().
* It will look for needle with a subsequent '=' in haystack, return a copy of
* needle and remove everything from the first occurrence of needle to the next
* delimiter from haystack.
*/
static char *extract_param(char *const *haystack, const char *needle, const char *delim)
{
char *param_pos, *opt_pos, *rest;
char *opt = NULL;
int optlen;
int needlelen;
needlelen = strlen(needle);
if (!needlelen) {
msg_gerr("%s: empty needle! Please report a bug at "
"flashrom@flashrom.org\n", __func__);
return NULL;
}
/* No programmer parameters given. */
if (*haystack == NULL)
return NULL;
param_pos = strstr(*haystack, needle);
do {
if (!param_pos)
return NULL;
/* Needle followed by '='? */
if (param_pos[needlelen] == '=') {
/* Beginning of the string? */
if (param_pos == *haystack)
break;
/* After a delimiter? */
if (strchr(delim, *(param_pos - 1)))
break;
}
/* Continue searching. */
param_pos++;
param_pos = strstr(param_pos, needle);
} while (1);
if (param_pos) {
/* Get the string after needle and '='. */
opt_pos = param_pos + needlelen + 1;
optlen = strcspn(opt_pos, delim);
/* Return an empty string if the parameter was empty. */
opt = malloc(optlen + 1);
if (!opt) {
msg_gerr("Out of memory!\n");
return NULL;
}
strncpy(opt, opt_pos, optlen);
opt[optlen] = '\0';
rest = opt_pos + optlen;
/* Skip all delimiters after the current parameter. */
rest += strspn(rest, delim);
memmove(param_pos, rest, strlen(rest) + 1);
/* We could shrink haystack, but the effort is not worth it. */
}
return opt;
}
char *extract_programmer_param_str(const struct programmer_cfg *cfg, const char *param_name)
{
return extract_param(&cfg->params, param_name, ",");
}
void get_flash_region(const struct flashctx *flash, int addr, struct flash_region *region)
{
if ((flash->mst->buses_supported & BUS_PROG) && flash->mst->opaque.get_region) {
flash->mst->opaque.get_region(flash, addr, region);
} else if (flash->mst->buses_supported & BUS_SPI && flash->mst->spi.get_region) {
flash->mst->spi.get_region(flash, addr, region);
} else {
region->name = strdup("");
region->start = 0;
region->end = flashrom_flash_getsize(flash) - 1;
region->read_prot = false;
region->write_prot = false;
}
}
int check_for_unwritable_regions(const struct flashctx *flash, unsigned int start, unsigned int len)
{
struct flash_region region;
for (unsigned int addr = start; addr < start + len; addr = region.end + 1) {
get_flash_region(flash, addr, ®ion);
if (region.write_prot) {
msg_gerr("%s: cannot write/erase inside %s region (%#08"PRIx32"..%#08"PRIx32").\n",
__func__, region.name, region.start, region.end);
free(region.name);
return -1;
}
free(region.name);
}
return 0;
}
#ifdef FLASHROM_TEST
/* special unit-test hooks */
erasefunc_t *g_test_erase_injector[NUM_TEST_ERASE_INJECTORS];
#endif
erasefunc_t *lookup_erase_func_ptr(const struct block_eraser *const eraser)
{
switch (eraser->block_erase) {
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_EMULATION: return &spi_block_erase_emulation;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_20: return &spi_block_erase_20;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_21: return &spi_block_erase_21;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_40: return NULL; // FIXME unhandled &spi_block_erase_40;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_50: return &spi_block_erase_50;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_52: return &spi_block_erase_52;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_53: return &spi_block_erase_53;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_5C: return &spi_block_erase_5c;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_60: return &spi_block_erase_60;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_62: return &spi_block_erase_62;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_81: return &spi_block_erase_81;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_C4: return &spi_block_erase_c4;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_C7: return &spi_block_erase_c7;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_D7: return &spi_block_erase_d7;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_D8: return &spi_block_erase_d8;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_DB: return &spi_block_erase_db;
case SPI_BLOCK_ERASE_DC: return &spi_block_erase_dc;
case S25FL_BLOCK_ERASE: return &s25fl_block_erase;
case S25FS_BLOCK_ERASE_D8: return &s25fs_block_erase_d8;
case JEDEC_SECTOR_ERASE: return &erase_sector_jedec; // TODO rename to &jedec_sector_erase;
case JEDEC_BLOCK_ERASE: return &erase_block_jedec; // TODO rename to &jedec_block_erase;
case JEDEC_CHIP_BLOCK_ERASE: return &erase_chip_block_jedec; // TODO rename to &jedec_chip_block_erase;
case OPAQUE_ERASE: return &erase_opaque; // TODO rename to &opqaue_erase;
case SPI_ERASE_AT45CS_SECTOR: return &spi_erase_at45cs_sector;
case SPI_ERASE_AT45DB_BLOCK: return &spi_erase_at45db_block;
case SPI_ERASE_AT45DB_CHIP: return &spi_erase_at45db_chip;
case SPI_ERASE_AT45DB_PAGE: return &spi_erase_at45db_page;
case SPI_ERASE_AT45DB_SECTOR: return &spi_erase_at45db_sector;
case ERASE_CHIP_28SF040: return &erase_chip_28sf040;
case ERASE_SECTOR_28SF040: return &erase_sector_28sf040;
case ERASE_BLOCK_82802AB: return &erase_block_82802ab;
case ERASE_SECTOR_49LFXXXC: return &erase_sector_49lfxxxc;
case STM50_SECTOR_ERASE: return &erase_sector_stm50; // TODO rename to &stm50_sector_erase;
case EDI_CHIP_BLOCK_ERASE: return &edi_chip_block_erase;
#ifdef FLASHROM_TEST
case TEST_ERASE_INJECTOR_1:
case TEST_ERASE_INJECTOR_2:
case TEST_ERASE_INJECTOR_3:
case TEST_ERASE_INJECTOR_4:
case TEST_ERASE_INJECTOR_5:
return g_test_erase_injector[eraser->block_erase - TEST_ERASE_INJECTOR_1];
#endif
/* default: total function, 0 indicates no erase function set.
* We explicitly do not want a default catch-all case in the switch
* to ensure unhandled enum's are compiler warnings.
*/
case NO_BLOCK_ERASE_FUNC: return NULL;
};
return NULL;
}
int check_block_eraser(const struct flashctx *flash, int k, int log)
{
struct block_eraser eraser = flash->chip->block_erasers[k];
if (eraser.block_erase == NO_BLOCK_ERASE_FUNC && !eraser.eraseblocks[0].count) {
if (log)
msg_cdbg("not defined. ");
return 1;
}
if (eraser.block_erase == NO_BLOCK_ERASE_FUNC && eraser.eraseblocks[0].count) {
if (log)
msg_cdbg("eraseblock layout is known, but matching "
"block erase function is not implemented. ");
return 1;
}
if (eraser.block_erase != NO_BLOCK_ERASE_FUNC && !eraser.eraseblocks[0].count) {
if (log)
msg_cdbg("block erase function found, but "
"eraseblock layout is not defined. ");
return 1;
}
if (flash->mst->buses_supported & BUS_SPI) {
const uint8_t *opcode = spi_get_opcode_from_erasefn(eraser.block_erase);
if (opcode)
for (int i = 0; opcode[i]; i++) {
if (!spi_probe_opcode(flash, opcode[i])) {
if (log)
msg_cdbg("block erase function and layout found "
"but SPI master doesn't support the function. ");
return 1;
}
}
}
// TODO: Once erase functions are annotated with allowed buses, check that as well.
return 0;
}
/* Returns the number of well-defined erasers for a chip. */
unsigned int count_usable_erasers(const struct flashctx *flash)
{
unsigned int usable_erasefunctions = 0;
int k;
for (k = 0; k < NUM_ERASEFUNCTIONS; k++) {
if (!check_block_eraser(flash, k, 0))
usable_erasefunctions++;
}
return usable_erasefunctions;
}
static int compare_range(const uint8_t *wantbuf, const uint8_t *havebuf, unsigned int start, unsigned int len)
{
int ret = 0, failcount = 0;
unsigned int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (wantbuf[i] != havebuf[i]) {
/* Only print the first failure. */
if (!failcount++)
msg_cerr("FAILED at 0x%08x! Expected=0x%02x, Found=0x%02x,",
start + i, wantbuf[i], havebuf[i]);
}
}
if (failcount) {
msg_cerr(" failed byte count from 0x%08x-0x%08x: 0x%x\n",
start, start + len - 1, failcount);
ret = -1;
}
return ret;
}
/* start is an offset to the base address of the flash chip */
int check_erased_range(struct flashctx *flash, unsigned int start, unsigned int len)
{
int ret;
const uint8_t erased_value = ERASED_VALUE(flash);
uint8_t *cmpbuf = malloc(len);
if (!cmpbuf) {
msg_gerr("Out of memory!\n");
return -1;
}
memset(cmpbuf, erased_value, len);
ret = verify_range(flash, cmpbuf, start, len);
free(cmpbuf);
return ret;
}
#ifdef FLASHROM_TEST
/* special unit-test hook */
read_func_t *g_test_read_injector;
#endif
static read_func_t *lookup_read_func_ptr(const struct flashchip *chip)
{
switch (chip->read) {
case SPI_CHIP_READ: return &spi_chip_read;
case READ_OPAQUE: return &read_opaque;
case READ_MEMMAPPED: return &read_memmapped;
case EDI_CHIP_READ: return &edi_chip_read;
case SPI_READ_AT45DB: return spi_read_at45db;
case SPI_READ_AT45DB_E8: return spi_read_at45db_e8;
#ifdef FLASHROM_TEST
case TEST_READ_INJECTOR: return g_test_read_injector;
#endif
/* default: total function, 0 indicates no read function set.
* We explicitly do not want a default catch-all case in the switch
* to ensure unhandled enum's are compiler warnings.
*/
case NO_READ_FUNC: return NULL;
};
return NULL;
}
/*
* @brief Wrapper for flash->read() with additional high-level policy.
*
* @param flash flash chip
* @param buf buffer to store data in
* @param start start address
* @param len number of bytes to read
* @return 0 on success,
* -1 if any read fails.
*
* This wrapper simplifies most cases when the flash chip needs to be read
* since policy decisions such as non-fatal error handling is centralized.
*/
int read_flash(struct flashctx *flash, uint8_t *buf, unsigned int start, unsigned int len)
{
unsigned int read_len;
for (unsigned int addr = start; addr < start + len; addr += read_len) {
struct flash_region region;
get_flash_region(flash, addr, ®ion);
read_len = min(start + len, region.end + 1) - addr;
uint8_t *rbuf = buf + addr - start;
if (region.read_prot) {
if (flash->flags.skip_unreadable_regions) {
msg_gdbg("%s: cannot read inside %s region (%#08"PRIx32"..%#08"PRIx32"), "
"filling (%#08x..%#08x) with erased value instead.\n",
__func__, region.name, region.start, region.end,
addr, addr + read_len - 1);
free(region.name);
memset(rbuf, ERASED_VALUE(flash), read_len);
continue;
}
msg_gerr("%s: cannot read inside %s region (%#08"PRIx32"..%#08"PRIx32").\n",
__func__, region.name, region.start, region.end);
free(region.name);
return -1;
}
msg_gdbg("%s: %s region (%#08"PRIx32"..%#08"PRIx32") is readable, reading range (%#08x..%#08x).\n",
__func__, region.name, region.start, region.end, addr, addr + read_len - 1);
free(region.name);
read_func_t *read_func = lookup_read_func_ptr(flash->chip);
int ret = read_func(flash, rbuf, addr, read_len);
if (ret) {
msg_gerr("%s: failed to read (%#08x..%#08x).\n", __func__, addr, addr + read_len - 1);
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
}
/*
* @cmpbuf buffer to compare against, cmpbuf[0] is expected to match the
* flash content at location start
* @start offset to the base address of the flash chip
* @len length of the verified area
* @return 0 for success, -1 for failure
*/
int verify_range(struct flashctx *flash, const uint8_t *cmpbuf, unsigned int start, unsigned int len)
{
if (!len)
return -1;
if (start + len > flash->chip->total_size * 1024) {
msg_gerr("Error: %s called with start 0x%x + len 0x%x >"
" total_size 0x%x\n", __func__, start, len,
flash->chip->total_size * 1024);
return -1;
}
uint8_t *readbuf = malloc(len);
if (!readbuf) {
msg_gerr("Out of memory!\n");
return -1;
}
int ret = 0;
msg_gdbg("%#06x..%#06x ", start, start + len - 1);
unsigned int read_len;
for (size_t addr = start; addr < start + len; addr += read_len) {
struct flash_region region;
get_flash_region(flash, addr, ®ion);
read_len = min(start + len, region.end + 1) - addr;
if ((region.write_prot && flash->flags.skip_unwritable_regions) ||
(region.read_prot && flash->flags.skip_unreadable_regions)) {
msg_gdbg("%s: Skipping verification of %s region (%#08"PRIx32"..%#08"PRIx32")\n",
__func__, region.name, region.start, region.end);
free(region.name);
continue;
}
if (region.read_prot) {
msg_gerr("%s: Verification imposible because %s region (%#08"PRIx32"..%#08"PRIx32") is unreadable.\n",
__func__, region.name, region.start, region.end);
free(region.name);
goto out_free;
}
msg_gdbg("%s: Verifying %s region (%#08"PRIx32"..%#08"PRIx32")\n",
__func__, region.name, region.start, region.end);
free(region.name);
ret = read_flash(flash, readbuf, addr, read_len);
if (ret) {
msg_gerr("Verification impossible because read failed "
"at 0x%x (len 0x%x)\n", start, len);
ret = -1;
goto out_free;
}
ret = compare_range(cmpbuf + (addr - start), readbuf, addr, read_len);
if (ret)
goto out_free;
}
out_free:
free(readbuf);
return ret;
}
/* Helper function for need_erase() that focuses on granularities of gran bytes. */
static int need_erase_gran_bytes(const uint8_t *have, const uint8_t *want, unsigned int len,
unsigned int gran, const uint8_t erased_value)
{
unsigned int i, j, limit;
for (j = 0; j < len / gran; j++) {
limit = min (gran, len - j * gran);
/* Are 'have' and 'want' identical? */
if (!memcmp(have + j * gran, want + j * gran, limit))
continue;
/* have needs to be in erased state. */
for (i = 0; i < limit; i++)
if (have[j * gran + i] != erased_value)
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Check if the buffer @have can be programmed to the content of @want without
* erasing. This is only possible if all chunks of size @gran are either kept
* as-is or changed from an all-ones state to any other state.
*
* Warning: This function assumes that @have and @want point to naturally
* aligned regions.
*
* @have buffer with current content
* @want buffer with desired content
* @len length of the checked area
* @gran write granularity (enum, not count)
* @return 0 if no erase is needed, 1 otherwise
*/
int need_erase(const uint8_t *have, const uint8_t *want, unsigned int len,
enum write_granularity gran, const uint8_t erased_value)
{
int result = 0;
unsigned int i;
switch (gran) {
case WRITE_GRAN_1BIT:
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
if ((have[i] & want[i]) != want[i]) {
result = 1;
break;
}
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_1BYTE:
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
if ((have[i] != want[i]) && (have[i] != erased_value)) {
result = 1;
break;
}
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_128BYTES:
result = need_erase_gran_bytes(have, want, len, 128, erased_value);
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_256BYTES:
result = need_erase_gran_bytes(have, want, len, 256, erased_value);
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_264BYTES:
result = need_erase_gran_bytes(have, want, len, 264, erased_value);
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_512BYTES:
result = need_erase_gran_bytes(have, want, len, 512, erased_value);
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_528BYTES:
result = need_erase_gran_bytes(have, want, len, 528, erased_value);
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_1024BYTES:
result = need_erase_gran_bytes(have, want, len, 1024, erased_value);
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_1056BYTES:
result = need_erase_gran_bytes(have, want, len, 1056, erased_value);
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_1BYTE_IMPLICIT_ERASE:
/* Do not erase, handle content changes from anything->0xff by writing 0xff. */
result = 0;
break;
default:
msg_cerr("%s: Unsupported granularity! Please report a bug at "
"flashrom@flashrom.org\n", __func__);
}
return result;
}
/**
* Check if the buffer @have needs to be programmed to get the content of @want.
* If yes, return 1 and fill in first_start with the start address of the
* write operation and first_len with the length of the first to-be-written
* chunk. If not, return 0 and leave first_start and first_len undefined.
*
* Warning: This function assumes that @have and @want point to naturally
* aligned regions.
*
* @have buffer with current content
* @want buffer with desired content
* @len length of the checked area
* @gran write granularity (enum, not count)
* @first_start offset of the first byte which needs to be written (passed in
* value is increased by the offset of the first needed write
* relative to have/want or unchanged if no write is needed)
* @return length of the first contiguous area which needs to be written
* 0 if no write is needed
*
* FIXME: This function needs a parameter which tells it about coalescing
* in relation to the max write length of the programmer and the max write
* length of the chip.
*/
unsigned int get_next_write(const uint8_t *have, const uint8_t *want, unsigned int len,
unsigned int *first_start,
enum write_granularity gran)
{
bool need_write = false;
unsigned int rel_start = 0, first_len = 0;
unsigned int i, limit, stride;
switch (gran) {
case WRITE_GRAN_1BIT:
case WRITE_GRAN_1BYTE:
case WRITE_GRAN_1BYTE_IMPLICIT_ERASE:
stride = 1;
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_128BYTES:
stride = 128;
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_256BYTES:
stride = 256;
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_264BYTES:
stride = 264;
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_512BYTES:
stride = 512;
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_528BYTES:
stride = 528;
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_1024BYTES:
stride = 1024;
break;
case WRITE_GRAN_1056BYTES:
stride = 1056;
break;
default:
msg_cerr("%s: Unsupported granularity! Please report a bug at "
"flashrom@flashrom.org\n", __func__);
/* Claim that no write was needed. A write with unknown
* granularity is too dangerous to try.
*/
return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < len / stride; i++) {
limit = min(stride, len - i * stride);
/* Are 'have' and 'want' identical? */
if (memcmp(have + i * stride, want + i * stride, limit)) {
if (!need_write) {
/* First location where have and want differ. */
need_write = true;
rel_start = i * stride;
}
} else {
if (need_write) {
/* First location where have and want
* do not differ anymore.
*/
break;
}
}
}
if (need_write)
first_len = min(i * stride - rel_start, len);
*first_start += rel_start;
return first_len;
}
void unmap_flash(struct flashctx *flash)
{
if (flash->virtual_registers != (chipaddr)ERROR_PTR) {
master_unmap_flash_region(flash->mst, (void *)flash->virtual_registers, flash->chip->total_size * 1024);
flash->physical_registers = 0;
flash->virtual_registers = (chipaddr)ERROR_PTR;
}
if (flash->virtual_memory != (chipaddr)ERROR_PTR) {
master_unmap_flash_region(flash->mst, (void *)flash->virtual_memory, flash->chip->total_size * 1024);
flash->physical_memory = 0;
flash->virtual_memory = (chipaddr)ERROR_PTR;
}
}
int map_flash(struct flashctx *flash)
{
/* Init pointers to the fail-safe state to distinguish them later from legit values. */
flash->virtual_memory = (chipaddr)ERROR_PTR;
flash->virtual_registers = (chipaddr)ERROR_PTR;
/* FIXME: This avoids mapping (and unmapping) of flash chip definitions with size 0.
* These are used for various probing-related hacks that would not map successfully anyway and should be
* removed ASAP. */
if (flash->chip->total_size == 0)
return 0;
const chipsize_t size = flash->chip->total_size * 1024;
uintptr_t base = flashbase ? flashbase : (0xffffffff - size + 1);
void *addr = master_map_flash_region(flash->mst, flash->chip->name, base, size);
if (addr == ERROR_PTR) {
msg_perr("Could not map flash chip %s at 0x%0*" PRIxPTR ".\n",
flash->chip->name, PRIxPTR_WIDTH, base);
return 1;
}
flash->physical_memory = base;
flash->virtual_memory = (chipaddr)addr;
/* FIXME: Special function registers normally live 4 MByte below flash space, but it might be somewhere
* completely different on some chips and programmers, or not mappable at all.
* Ignore these problems for now and always report success. */
if (flash->chip->feature_bits & FEATURE_REGISTERMAP) {
base = 0xffffffff - size - 0x400000 + 1;
addr = master_map_flash_region(flash->mst, "flash chip registers", base, size);
if (addr == ERROR_PTR) {
msg_pdbg2("Could not map flash chip registers %s at 0x%0*" PRIxPTR ".\n",
flash->chip->name, PRIxPTR_WIDTH, base);
return 0;
}
flash->physical_registers = base;
flash->virtual_registers = (chipaddr)addr;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Return a string corresponding to the bustype parameter.
* Memory to store the string is allocated. The caller is responsible to free memory.
* If there is not enough memory remaining, then NULL is returned.
*/
char *flashbuses_to_text(enum chipbustype bustype)
{
char *ret, *ptr;
/*
* FIXME: Once all chipsets and flash chips have been updated, NONSPI
* will cease to exist and should be eliminated here as well.
*/
if (bustype == BUS_NONSPI)
return strdup("Non-SPI");
if (bustype == BUS_NONE)
return strdup("None");
ret = calloc(1, 1);
if (!ret)
return NULL;
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bustypes); i++)
{
if (bustype & bustypes[i].type) {
ptr = strcat_realloc(ret, bustypes[i].name);
if (!ptr) {
free(ret);
return NULL;
}
ret = ptr;
}
}
/* Kill last comma. */
ret[strlen(ret) - 2] = '\0';
ptr = realloc(ret, strlen(ret) + 1);
if (!ptr)
free(ret);
return ptr;
}
static int init_default_layout(struct flashctx *flash)
{
/* Fill default layout covering the whole chip. */
if (flashrom_layout_new(&flash->default_layout) ||
flashrom_layout_add_region(flash->default_layout,
0, flash->chip->total_size * 1024 - 1, "complete flash") ||
flashrom_layout_include_region(flash->default_layout, "complete flash"))
return -1;
return 0;
}
/* special unit-test hook */
#ifdef FLASHROM_TEST
write_func_t *g_test_write_injector;
#endif
static write_func_t *lookup_write_func_ptr(const struct flashchip *chip)
{
switch (chip->write) {
case WRITE_JEDEC: return &write_jedec;
case WRITE_JEDEC1: return &write_jedec_1;
case WRITE_OPAQUE: return &write_opaque;