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Advanced

Curious to know more about the internals of rescript-urql? You've come to the right place!

The response variant

rescript-urql uses a special variant called response to make pattern matching on the results you get from your GraphQL API as easy as possible. In JS land, users have to do something like the following:

// Inside a React component
const [result] = useQuery({ query, variables });

if (result.fetching) {
  return <Loading />; // Some fetching UI.
} else if (result.error) {
  return <Error error={result.error} />; // Some error UI.
}

return <Data data={result.data} />; // Some data UI.

This is fine and works great for JS users, but we have pattern matching in ReScript! Enter rescript-urql's response variant. response is a single variant with five constructors:

type response<'data> =
  | Fetching
  | Data('data)
  | PartialData('data, GraphQLError.t)
  | Error(CombinedError.t)
  | Empty

This variant is always available on the record returned by rescript-urql's hooks. Let's go over what each constructor (or "tag") means and when you'd want to pattern match on each.

The Fetching constructor

Fetching refers to when your query, mutation, or subscription is fetching data but has not yet received a response. For useQuery and useMutation this will turn true when the initial request has been fired off, and turn to false once data (or an error) has been received. Note that for useSubscription, fetching will always be true as long as the subcription is active. For this case, the Data constructor will take precedence even while fetching is still true.

The Data constructor

Data(d) refers to when your query, mutation, or subscription has received data from your GraphQL API. It takes a single argument, d, that represents the actual data returned by your GraphQL API. You can then operate on d however you like to return UI.

The PartialData constructor

PartialData(d, e) is quite similar to Data with one major difference – it represents the case where both data and errors were returned by your GraphQL API. This can happen if data resolves fine for parts of your query or mutation but fails to resolve for others. The type of e is our binding to GraphQLError, which gives you access to the message, source locations, and extensions of the error returned by your GraphQL server.

The Error constructor

Error(e) refers to when your query, mutation, or subscription has encountered an error in the course of execution. It takes a single argument, e, that represents the CombinedError returned by urql. CombinedError will return a record containing message, networkError, graphQLErrors, and response, allowing you to subsequently render different UI based on the types of errors you encountered.

The Empty constructor

The Empty constructor is reserved for the rare case where rescript-urql has made a request to your GraphQL API but neither data nor errors were returned. In practice, this case is very rare. It may occur if your user goes offline unexpectedly or if your GraphQL API returns undefined in cases where no data matches a particular resolver. Think of it as your fallback case.