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Milestones.md

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Milestones

Milestones provide opportunities to run custom application code at various important steps throughout the duration of the request.

Resources have properties for each controller action: create, list, read, update, and delete. Also find a meta property all as a convenience for hooking into milestones across all controllers. Each of those properties in turn has methods for setting custom behavior.

For each milestone on a given controller we accept a function to specify custom behavior. If multiple functions are registered for a hook they will be ran in order.

Functions can expect three parameters: a request, a response, and a context object.

For example to run before the main fetch milestone:

// check the cache first
users.list.fetch.before(function(req, res, context) {
	var instance = cache.get(context.criteria);

	if (instance) {
		// keep a reference to the instance and skip the fetch
		context.instance = instance;
		return context.skip;
	} else {
		// cache miss; we continue on
		return context.continue;
	}
})

We have the following milestones:

  • start - ran at the beginning of the request
  • auth - authorize the request
  • fetch - fetch data from the database
  • data - transform the database data
  • write - write to the database
  • send - send response to the user
  • complete - request completed

Only send is defined for all actions, and defaults to returning the json format of context.instance to the browser.

Default Milestones for actions

create

write

Reads from context.attributes and req.body and creates a new instance of the model. Causes the response to have a HTTP 201 response and sets the instance on context.instance

delete

fetch

Fetches from the database based on the endpoint parameters. Sets context.instance to the data if it is found, otherwise throws a 404 error.

write

Deletes the instance from the database and clears context.instance. Sets context.deletedInstance as a copy of context.instance for later use.

list

fetch

Fetches a list from the database based on the URL parameters and endpoint configuration. Sets context.instance to the returned list.

read

fetch

Fetches data from the database based on the request parameters and endpoint configuration and sets context.instance to the returned object or throws a 404 error if none found that match

Milestone Flow

Inside the function you must do one of the following:

  1. return either context.stop, context.skip or context.continue
  2. return a promise/thenable that resolves to context.stop, context.skip or context.continue
  3. call either context.stop(), context.skip() or context.continue()
  4. throw an error
  5. call context.error(err) with an error to show

Examples:

// example for 1
users.list.fetch.before(function(req, res, context) {
	return context.continue;
});

// example for 2 and 4
var ForbiddenError = require('finale-rest').Errors.ForbiddenError;

users.list.fetch.before(function(req, res, context) {
	return checkLoggedIn(function(loggedIn) {
		if(!loggedIn) {
			throw new ForbiddenError();
		}
		return context.continue;
	});
});

// example for 3 and 5
users.list.fetch.before(function(req, res, context) {
	passport.authenticate('bearer', function(err, user, info) {
		if(err) {
			res.status(500);
			return context.stop();
		}

		if(user) {
			context.continue();
		} else {
			context.error(new ForbiddenError());
		}
	});
});

context.continue

This says to continue on to the next hook in the chain.

context.skip

This skips all the remaining functions on a milestone and skips to the start of the next one

context.stop

This stops execution of all the remaining hooks and milestones and finishes the request. If you use context.stop you should also set the response res.status(200).json({})

context.error(error)

This should be called when throwing an error won't work. If you are returning a promise or working sync then throwing an error will be better. If more than one parameter is passed to context.error then this function will assume the syntax context.error(status, message, [errors], [cause]) and will create a new FinaleError out of them and will use that instead.

Errors

Throwing an error within a milestone function will cause the milestones to stop execution and the error message will be displayed to the user in the format:

{
    "message": "Error message",
    "errors": []
}

To make use of this you must use an error that extends FinaleError. Any error thrown that is not an instance of FinaleError will be shown as an Internal Server Error with it's errors array set to the error message.

In situations where throwing an error is not possible you can use context.error(err) with the error object or alternatively call context.error(status, message, [errors], [cause]) for it to build an FinaleError for you with the supplied parameters

The following errors are provided on finale.Errors:

FinaleError(statusCode, message, errors, cause)

This is the parent class you can extend to make your own errors

statusCode = the HTTP status code to return, defaults to 500 message = the error message to show in the message field, defaults to 'FinaleError' errors = an array of error strings to show in the message, defaults to [] cause = the original error that caused this error, defaults to undefined (no cause)

BadRequestError(message, errors, cause)

This returns a HTTP 400 response

message = the error message to show in the message field, defaults to 'Bad Request' errors = an array of error strings to show in the message, defaults to [] cause = the original error that caused this error, defaults to undefined (no cause)

ForbiddenError(message, errors, cause)

This returns a HTTP 403 response

message = the error message to show in the message field, defaults to 'Forbidden' errors = an array of error strings to show in the message, defaults to [] cause = the original error that caused this error, defaults to undefined (no cause)

NotFoundError(message, errors, cause)

This returns a HTTP 404 response

message = the error message to show in the message field, defaults to 'Not Found' errors = an array of error strings to show in the message, defaults to [] cause = the original error that caused this error, defaults to undefined (no cause)

Overriding Error formatting

You can override how errors are formatted for a milestone by setting the action.error function.

For example:

  resource.controllers.create.error = function(req, res, error) {
    res.status(500);
    res.json({message: 'Internal Error'});
  }

The error object passed will be an FinaleError. If the error is wrapping another error (for example a ValidationError from Sequelize) the original error can be found at controllers.error.cause

  resource.controllers.create.error = function(req, res, error) {
    if(error.cause && error.cause instanceof sequelize.ValidationError) {
      res.status(400);
      res.json({message: 'Bad Request'});
    } else {
      res.status(500);
      res.json({message: 'Internal Error'});
    }
  }

The default implementation is to do the following:

  res.status(err.status);
  res.json({
    message: err.message,
    errors: err.errors
  });

All Sequelize ValidationError objects are wrapped in a BadRequestError and are accessed on error.cause. Any FinaleError object are passed as-is and any other errors are wrapped in an FinaleError and can be accessed on error.cause