Valhalla's elevation lookup service provides digital elevation model (DEM) data as the result of a query. The elevation service data has many applications when combined with other routing and navigation data, including computing the steepness of roads and paths or generating an elevation profile chart along a route.
For example, you can get elevation data for a point, a trail, or a trip. You might use the results to consider hills for your bicycle trip, or when estimating battery usage for trips in electric vehicles.
View an interactive demo here.
The elevation service currently has a single action, /height?, that can be requested. The height provides the elevation at a set of input locations, which are specified as either a shape or an encoded_polyline. The shape option uses an ordered list of one or more locations within a JSON array, while an encoded polyline stores multiple locations within a single string. If you include a range parameter and set it to true, both the height and cumulative distance are returned for each point.
An elevation service request takes the form of servername/height?json={}, where the JSON inputs inside the {} includes location information and the optional range parameter.
There is an option to name your elevation request. You can do this by appending the following to your request &id=. The id is returned with the response so a user could match to the corresponding request.
The Mapbox elevation service requires an access token. In a request, you must append your own access_token to the URL, following access_token=. See the Mapbox API documentation for more on access tokens. Contact Mapbox for instructions on accessing this API.
The elevation request run locally takes the form of localhost:8002/height?json={}, where the JSON inputs inside the {} are described below.
A shape request must include a latitude and longitude in decimal degrees, and the locations are visited in the order specified. The input coordinates can come from many input sources, such as a GPS location, a point or a click on a map, a geocoding service, and so on.
These parameters are available for shape.
| Shape parameters | Description |
|---|---|
lat |
Latitude of the location in degrees. |
lon |
Longitude of the location in degrees. |
Here is an example JSON payload for a profile request using shape:
{"range":true,"shape":[{"lat":40.712431,"lon":-76.504916},{"lat":40.712275,"lon":-76.605259},{"lat":40.712122,"lon":-76.805694},{"lat":40.722431,"lon":-76.884916},{"lat":40.812275,"lon":-76.905259},{"lat":40.912122,"lon":-76.965694}]}&id=Pottsville
This request provides shape points near Pottsville, Pennsylvania. The resulting profile response displays the input shape, as well as the range and height (as range_height in the response) for each point.
{"shape":[{"lat":40.712433,"lon":-76.504913},{"lat":40.712276,"lon":-76.605263},{"lat":40.712124,"lon":-76.805695},{"lat":40.722431,"lon":-76.884918},{"lat":40.812275,"lon":-76.905258},{"lat":40.912121,"lon":-76.965691}],"range_height":[[0,307],[8467,272],[25380,204],[32162,204],[42309,180],[54533,198]]}
Without the range, the result looks something like this, with only a height:
{"shape":[{"lat":40.712433,"lon":-76.504913},{"lat":40.712276,"lon":-76.605263},{"lat":40.712124,"lon":-76.805695},{"lat":40.722431,"lon":-76.884918},{"lat":40.812275,"lon":-76.905258},{"lat":40.912121,"lon":-76.965691}],"height":[307,272,204,204,180,198]}
The encoded_polyline parameter is a string of a polyline-encoded, with six degrees of precision, shape and has the following parameters. Details on polyline encoding and decoding can be found here.
| Encoded polyline parameters | Description |
|---|---|
encoded_polyline |
A set of encoded latitude, longitude pairs of a line or shape. |
Here is an example of the JSON payload for an encoded_polyline POST request:
{"range":true,"encoded_polyline":"s{cplAfiz{pCa]xBxBx`AhC|gApBrz@{[hBsZhB_c@rFodDbRaG\\ypAfDec@l@mrBnHg|@?}TzAia@dFw^xKqWhNe^hWegBfvAcGpG{dAdy@_`CpoBqGfC_SnI{KrFgx@?ofA_Tus@c[qfAgw@s_Agc@}^}JcF{@_Dz@eFfEsArEs@pHm@pg@wDpkEx\\vjT}Djj@eUppAeKzj@eZpuE_IxaIcF~|@cBngJiMjj@_I`HwXlJuO^kKj@gJkAeaBy`AgNoHwDkAeELwD|@uDfC_i@bq@mOjUaCvDqBrEcAbGWbG|@jVd@rPkAbGsAfDqBvCaIrFsP~RoNjWajBlnD{OtZoNfXyBtE{B~HyAtEsFhL_DvDsGrF_I`HwDpGoH|T_IzLaMzKuOrFqfAbPwCl@_h@fN}OnI"}
The range parameter is a boolean value that controls whether or not the returned array is one-dimensional (height only) or two-dimensional (with a range and height). This can be used to generate a graph along a route, because a 2D-array has values for x (the range) and y (the height) at each shape point. Steepness or gradient can also be computed from a profile request.
The range is optional and assumed to be false if omitted.
| Range parameters | Description |
|---|---|
range |
true or false. Defaults to false. |
| Options | Description |
|---|---|
id |
Name your elevation request. If id is specified, the naming will be sent thru to the response. |
If an elevation request has been named using the optional &id= input, then the name will be returned as a string id.
The profile results are returned with the form of shape (shape points or encoded polylines) that was supplied in the request, along with a 2D array representing the x and y of each input point in the elevation profile.
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
shape |
The specified shape coordinates from the input request. |
encoded_polyline |
The specified encoded polyline, with six degrees of precision, coordinates from the input request. |
range_height |
The 2D array of range (x) and height (y) per input latitude, longitude coordinate. |
x coordinate |
The range or distance along the input locations. It is the cumulative distance along the previous latitiude, longitude coordinates up to the current coordinate. The x-value for the first coordinate in the shape will always be 0. |
y coordinate |
The height or elevation of the associated latitude, longitude pair. The height is returned as null if no height data exists for a given location. |
height |
An array of height for the associated latitude, longitude coordinates. |
Elevation data is obtained from the Amazon Web Services Public Datasets.