classification_efficientnet_b0.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Binary classificiation and transfer learning with EfficientNetB0\n",
    "\n",
    "By Evelyn Fitzgerald (acf67)\n",
    "\n",
    "In this notebook, I show that an EfficientNetB0 NN pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset can be used for a binary classification task. The EfficientNet family of NNs is great because the NNs achieve better performance for a lower computational and memory overhead than other state-of-the-art image classifiers \\[[1][enet]]. So whereas the original DeepSolar NNs were based on Inception v3, I'd like to use the EfficientNets.\n",
    "\n",
    "One problem I had was that while EfficientNetB0 could be loaded into Keras with pre-trained weights, the number of classes had to be 1000 (the number of classes in ImageNet). So instead of using the NN as is, I had to get the pre-trained NN without the final layer by setting `include_top=False`, then attaching my own two-class output layer to the end. The pre-trained layers have to be frozen so they won't be corrupted during fine-tuning (which I don't do in this notebook... yet).\n",
    "\n",
    "I also added a `GlobalAveragePooling2D` layer to merge all of the pixels in each channel into a single data point, so that the input to the final layer has a fixed size regardless of the size of the input image.\n",
    "\n",
    "`BatchNormalization` is also included in the tutorial so I copied it in but I don't actually know why it's needed. I think it's feature scaling?\n",
    "\n",
    "[enet]: https://github.com/tensorflow/tpu/tree/master/models/official/efficientnet\n",
    "\n",
    "Reference: [Image classification via fine-tuning with EfficientNet](https://keras.io/examples/vision/image_classification_efficientnet_fine_tuning/)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import tensorflow as tf\n",
    "from tensorflow import keras"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Part 1: Initialize the neural network"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "img0 = tf.random.uniform(shape=(1,224,224,3))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "enet0_seg = keras.applications.EfficientNetB0(include_top=False)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Freeze this layer so it won't be corrupted during fine-tuning\n",
    "enet0_seg.trainable = False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "out1 = enet0_seg.predict(img0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 7, 7, 1280)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "out1.shape"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "enet0_binary = keras.Sequential(\n",
    "    [\n",
    "        enet0_seg,\n",
    "        keras.layers.GlobalAveragePooling2D(name=\"avg_pool\"),\n",
    "        keras.layers.BatchNormalization(),\n",
    "        keras.layers.Dense(2, activation=\"softmax\", name=\"classify\")\n",
    "    ],\n",
    "    name=\"efficientnetb0_binary\"\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Model: \"efficientnetb0_binary\"\n",
      "_________________________________________________________________\n",
      "Layer (type)                 Output Shape              Param #   \n",
      "=================================================================\n",
      "efficientnetb0 (Functional)  (None, None, None, 1280)  4049571   \n",
      "_________________________________________________________________\n",
      "avg_pool (GlobalAveragePooli (None, 1280)              0         \n",
      "_________________________________________________________________\n",
      "batch_normalization (BatchNo (None, 1280)              5120      \n",
      "_________________________________________________________________\n",
      "classify (Dense)             (None, 2)                 2562      \n",
      "=================================================================\n",
      "Total params: 4,057,253\n",
      "Trainable params: 5,122\n",
      "Non-trainable params: 4,052,131\n",
      "_________________________________________________________________\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "enet0_binary.summary()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Part 2: Load the dataset"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing import image_dataset_from_directory"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Found 366467 files belonging to 2 classes.\n",
      "Found 12986 files belonging to 2 classes.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "train_set = image_dataset_from_directory(\"SPI_train\", label_mode=\"int\")\n",
    "val_set = image_dataset_from_directory(\"SPI_val\", label_mode=\"int\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Part 3: Train the model"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "enet0_binary.compile(\n",
    "    optimizer=\"rmsprop\",\n",
    "    loss=\"binary_crossentropy\",\n",
    "    metrics=[\"accuracy\"] # Can't do precision and recall?\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " 1421/11453 [==>...........................] - ETA: 3:33:45 - loss: 0.7220 - accuracy: 0.4995"
     ]
    },
    {
     "ename": "KeyboardInterrupt",
     "evalue": "",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mKeyboardInterrupt\u001b[0m                         Traceback (most recent call last)",
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      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/engine/training.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m_method_wrapper\u001b[0;34m(self, *args, **kwargs)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    106\u001b[0m   \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_method_wrapper\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    107\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_in_multi_worker_mode\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m  \u001b[0;31m# pylint: disable=protected-access\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 108\u001b[0;31m       \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmethod\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    109\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    110\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;31m# Running inside `run_distribute_coordinator` already.\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/engine/training.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mfit\u001b[0;34m(self, x, y, batch_size, epochs, verbose, callbacks, validation_split, validation_data, shuffle, class_weight, sample_weight, initial_epoch, steps_per_epoch, validation_steps, validation_batch_size, validation_freq, max_queue_size, workers, use_multiprocessing)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1096\u001b[0m                 batch_size=batch_size):\n\u001b[1;32m   1097\u001b[0m               \u001b[0mcallbacks\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mon_train_batch_begin\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mstep\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 1098\u001b[0;31m               \u001b[0mtmp_logs\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtrain_function\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0miterator\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   1099\u001b[0m               \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mdata_handler\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mshould_sync\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1100\u001b[0m                 \u001b[0mcontext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0masync_wait\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/def_function.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m__call__\u001b[0;34m(self, *args, **kwds)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    778\u001b[0m       \u001b[0;32melse\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    779\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mcompiler\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\"nonXla\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 780\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0mresult\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_call\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    781\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    782\u001b[0m       \u001b[0mnew_tracing_count\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_get_tracing_count\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/def_function.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m_call\u001b[0;34m(self, *args, **kwds)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    805\u001b[0m       \u001b[0;31m# In this case we have created variables on the first call, so we run the\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    806\u001b[0m       \u001b[0;31m# defunned version which is guaranteed to never create variables.\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 807\u001b[0;31m       \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_stateless_fn\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m**\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwds\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m  \u001b[0;31m# pylint: disable=not-callable\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    808\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32melif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_stateful_fn\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mis\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mnot\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    809\u001b[0m       \u001b[0;31m# Release the lock early so that multiple threads can perform the call\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/function.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m__call__\u001b[0;34m(self, *args, **kwargs)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   2827\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mwith\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_lock\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   2828\u001b[0m       \u001b[0mgraph_function\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_maybe_define_function\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 2829\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mgraph_function\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_filtered_call\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m  \u001b[0;31m# pylint: disable=protected-access\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   2830\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   2831\u001b[0m   \u001b[0;34m@\u001b[0m\u001b[0mproperty\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/function.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m_filtered_call\u001b[0;34m(self, args, kwargs, cancellation_manager)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1841\u001b[0m       \u001b[0;31m`\u001b[0m\u001b[0margs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m`\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mand\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m`\u001b[0m\u001b[0mkwargs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m`\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1842\u001b[0m     \"\"\"\n\u001b[0;32m-> 1843\u001b[0;31m     return self._call_flat(\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   1844\u001b[0m         [t for t in nest.flatten((args, kwargs), expand_composites=True)\n\u001b[1;32m   1845\u001b[0m          if isinstance(t, (ops.Tensor,\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/function.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m_call_flat\u001b[0;34m(self, args, captured_inputs, cancellation_manager)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m   1921\u001b[0m         and executing_eagerly):\n\u001b[1;32m   1922\u001b[0m       \u001b[0;31m# No tape is watching; skip to running the function.\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m-> 1923\u001b[0;31m       return self._build_call_outputs(self._inference_function.call(\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m   1924\u001b[0m           ctx, args, cancellation_manager=cancellation_manager))\n\u001b[1;32m   1925\u001b[0m     forward_backward = self._select_forward_and_backward_functions(\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/function.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mcall\u001b[0;34m(self, ctx, args, cancellation_manager)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    543\u001b[0m       \u001b[0;32mwith\u001b[0m \u001b[0m_InterpolateFunctionError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    544\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;32mif\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcancellation_manager\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mis\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 545\u001b[0;31m           outputs = execute.execute(\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    546\u001b[0m               \u001b[0mstr\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0msignature\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mname\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    547\u001b[0m               \u001b[0mnum_outputs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_num_outputs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/Projects/deepsolar-v2/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/execute.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mquick_execute\u001b[0;34m(op_name, num_outputs, inputs, attrs, ctx, name)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     57\u001b[0m   \u001b[0;32mtry\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m     58\u001b[0m     \u001b[0mctx\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mensure_initialized\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 59\u001b[0;31m     tensors = pywrap_tfe.TFE_Py_Execute(ctx._handle, device_name, op_name,\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m     60\u001b[0m                                         inputs, attrs, num_outputs)\n\u001b[1;32m     61\u001b[0m   \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0mcore\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0m_NotOkStatusException\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mas\u001b[0m \u001b[0me\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mKeyboardInterrupt\u001b[0m: "
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "enet0_binary.fit(train_set)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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